八、類比原則
議論文和說明文在論證說明事理的時候均很抽象，為了讓讀者更形象地理解一些抽象的內容，文章常會采用類比的手法。形象的類比不僅有助于將抽象的道理闡釋清楚，更可以讓讀者加深印象。類比在文中有兩種體現(xiàn)方式，一是明喻，即A像B一樣；二是暗喻，說A是B，由于暗喻更加隱蔽，近年來命題專家也越來越趨向于在暗喻內容上設問。
例
The mechanic should sit down among levers， screws， wedges， wheels， etc.， like a poet among the letters of the alphabet， considering them as an exhibition of his thoughts， in which a new arrangement transmits a new idea.
A technologist can be compared to an artist because .（明喻）
［A］ they are both winners of awards
［B］ they are both experts in spatial thinking
［C］ they both abandon verbal description
［D］ they both use various instruments［1996年65題］
B［正確答案］
議論文和說明文在論證說明事理的時候均很抽象，為了讓讀者更形象地理解一些抽象的內容，文章常會采用類比的手法。形象的類比不僅有助于將抽象的道理闡釋清楚，更可以讓讀者加深印象。類比在文中有兩種體現(xiàn)方式，一是明喻，即A像B一樣；二是暗喻，說A是B，由于暗喻更加隱蔽，近年來命題專家也越來越趨向于在暗喻內容上設問。
例
The mechanic should sit down among levers， screws， wedges， wheels， etc.， like a poet among the letters of the alphabet， considering them as an exhibition of his thoughts， in which a new arrangement transmits a new idea.
A technologist can be compared to an artist because .（明喻）
［A］ they are both winners of awards
［B］ they are both experts in spatial thinking
［C］ they both abandon verbal description
［D］ they both use various instruments［1996年65題］
B［正確答案］