一、完形填空特點(diǎn)來(lái)源：www.examda.com
1．測(cè)試考生對(duì)篇章的理解能力來(lái)源：www.examda.com
2．測(cè)試考生對(duì)語(yǔ)法結(jié)構(gòu)的理解和綜合運(yùn)用能力
二、完形填空的重點(diǎn)和難點(diǎn)
1．詞匯辨義題；
2．習(xí)慣用法及固定搭配題；
3．語(yǔ)法結(jié)構(gòu)題；
4．邏輯推理題。來(lái)源：www.examda.com
三、完形填空答題步驟
1．快速瀏覽全文；
2．仔細(xì)閱讀每一句話，培養(yǎng)語(yǔ)感；
3．復(fù)查。
四、重點(diǎn)語(yǔ)法復(fù)習(xí)
1．動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)：一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，一般過(guò)去時(shí)，一般將來(lái)時(shí)，現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)，過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)，將來(lái)進(jìn)行時(shí)，現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)，過(guò)去完成時(shí)，將來(lái)完成時(shí)，現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)，過(guò)去完成進(jìn)行時(shí)，過(guò)去將來(lái)時(shí)，過(guò)去將來(lái)進(jìn)行時(shí)，過(guò)去將來(lái)完成時(shí)，過(guò)去將來(lái)完成進(jìn)行時(shí)。
2．虛擬語(yǔ)氣來(lái)源：www.examda.com
1）基本形式：與現(xiàn)在實(shí)際情況相虛擬，與過(guò)去實(shí)際情況虛擬，與將來(lái)實(shí)際情況虛擬，與將來(lái)實(shí)際情況可能相反。
2）特殊句型：
（1）Had the doctor been available, the child would have been saved．
（2）if only, suppose： If only I could afford such a big house．
Suppose you were a millionaire, how would you spend the money?
（3）It is（about, high）time sb．did sth．
（4）without, but for, but that, or, otherwise：
Without air and water, no human being could survive on the earth．
But for your timely help, we couldn't have finished the job on time．
She was seriously ill last night, otherwise she would have attended the party．
（5）錯(cuò)綜時(shí)間條件句：
If I were you, I wouldn't have left school so early．
Had you listened to your parents ten years ago, you would be a successful scientist now．
（6）需要用虛擬的動(dòng)詞：
suggest, propose, insist, prefer, order, command, advise, desire, recommend, require, intend, decide, request, deserve, demand, determine, arrange, beg, ask, pray, urge, move, instruct, stipulate, maintain
（7）需要用虛擬的名詞
idea, importance, insistence, motion, order, plan, proposal, recommendation, request, suggestion, necessity, desire, motion, requirement, resolution, demand, stipulation, advice, preference, wish
（8）需要用虛擬的形容詞
advisable, anxious, appropriate, better, desirable, eager, essential, imperative, important, insistent, keen, natural, necessary, possible, preferable, proper, urgent, vital, absurd, best, content, unfair, odd, pleasant, right, strange, crucial, surprising
（9）wish
She wishes that she were a teacher．
I wish I could take a walk on the moon．
（10）would（had） rather, would sooner, would just as soon
I'd rather you stayed with us tonight．
I would just as soon they had done the job ahead of time．
（11）as if, as though
She talks as if she were a doctor．（It seems as if it's going to rain．）
（12）in case, lest, for fear that
She took an umbrella in case it should rain．
Remember to leave earlier lest you should miss the train．
（13）if only
If only I could speak fluent English．
3． 非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞
1）以不定式做賓語(yǔ)的動(dòng)詞
aim, arrange, ask, afford, agree, apply, attempt, beg, bother, choose, claim, consent, care, decide, decline, demand, dare, desire, determine, elect, endeavor, expect, fail, forget, guarantee, happen, hesitate, hope, intend, learn, long, manage, offer, ought, plan, prepare, presume, pretend, proceed, profess, promise, refuse, request, resolve, seek, strive, swear, tend, threaten, undertake, volunteer, wish
2）以動(dòng)名詞做賓語(yǔ)的動(dòng)詞
miss, mind, enjoy, avoid, admit, finish, escape, practice, acknowledge, advise, allow, anticipate, appreciate, consider, complete, contemplate, delay, deny, endure, evade, facilitate, favor, forbid, forgive, imagine, involve, permit, quit, resent, resume, suggest, advocate, detest, excuse, fancy, mention, resist, stand, understand, celebrate, dispute, doubt, dread, ensure, hinder, prohibit, recommend, can't help, feel like
3）不定式和動(dòng)名詞都可，但意義不同
mean, try, stop, regret, forget, remember, go on, love, like, hate, prefer, dislike
4．倒裝
1）虛擬條件句，省略if，同時(shí)將had, were, should提到主語(yǔ)之前
Were it not for your help, we couldn't have arrived there．
2）so/such．．．that
So little did he know about the subject that he had to stay up preparing for the exam．
3）as, though, no matter how （what）, however
Young as he is, he has accomplished a lot．
However cold it is, he will go swimming in the lake．
4）so, neither, nor
He didn't go to the concert, neither did his family．
5） no, hardly, never, scarcely, seldom, barely, rarely, no longer, not until, no sooner．．．than, hardly．．．when, not only．．．but also, not, little, at no time, by no means, on no account, in no case, in no way, under/in no circumstances在句首
6）only+adverb, prepositional phrase, adverbial clause
Only in this way can we hope to solve the problem of environmental pollution．
7）here/there/now/then/hence
Here comes the bus．
5．一致性
1）時(shí)態(tài)一致
2）主謂一致
（1）時(shí)間，重量，長(zhǎng)度，價(jià)值，面積，體積可以是單數(shù)
（2）and表示一個(gè)整體，用單數(shù)
bread and butter, cup and saucer, knife and fork, ebb and flow, needle and thread, trial and error, law and order
（3）people, police, cattle, poultry, militia, youth通常為復(fù)數(shù)；public, family, committee, audience, choir, class, club, company, council, crew, firm, gang, school, staff, union, board, flock, government, jury可單可復(fù)
（4）any, anybody, anyone, anything, each, either, every, everybody, everyone, everything, neither, nobody, no one, nothing, somebody, someone, something
（5）with, together with, as well as, like, but, except, accompanied by, in addition to, rather than, besides, as much as
（6）either．．．or, neither．．．nor, not only．．．but also, not．．．but
（7）a number of, the number of
6． 形容詞和副詞
1）形容詞的詞序：限定詞（冠詞，代詞，所有格形式） +數(shù)詞或last, next等+一般描述性形容詞+大小，長(zhǎng)短，高低+形狀+年齡，新舊+顏色+國(guó)籍，地區(qū)，出處+物質(zhì)材料+用途，類(lèi)別+名詞中心詞
a bright red silk dress, a beautiful large green Chinese carpet
2）比較級(jí)和級(jí)
7．邏輯關(guān)系表達(dá)方式
（1）以when, whenever, as, since, till, until, before, after, as soon as, once, the moment, the instant, immediately, the day, no sooner．．．than, hardly/scarcely．．．when, instantly, every time, the minute, the second等引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句：
Susan worked in the library until she transferred（調(diào)轉(zhuǎn)，調(diào)任）to the Advanced Training Center of State Power Corporation．
I'll ring you up as soon as I get an answer from Charlie．
Once she has made up her mind, Ross will never change．
Arthur and Molly were lovers when they were at college．
注意：when, while和as 引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句時(shí)用法上的區(qū)別。
When既可表示一時(shí)性的動(dòng)作又可表示持續(xù)的動(dòng)作；while不能表示一時(shí)性或短暫的動(dòng)作，只能表示持續(xù)性的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)；as則表示兩個(gè)動(dòng)作同時(shí)進(jìn)行或一個(gè)動(dòng)作和一個(gè)狀態(tài)同時(shí)進(jìn)行。如：
As Professor Li entered, the hall burst into thunderous applause（雷鳴般的掌聲） ．
Till和until用法上的異同。
Till可用作及物動(dòng)詞，如：Farmers till the land．（農(nóng)夫種田）；until則不能用作動(dòng)詞；until 比till強(qiáng)調(diào)，故用于句首時(shí)通常用until而不用till，在口語(yǔ)中常用till而不用until; Not until的強(qiáng)倒裝調(diào)句式不能用till替換，但注意not until開(kāi)頭的強(qiáng)調(diào)結(jié)構(gòu)用于It is （was）…that 這一強(qiáng)調(diào)句中時(shí)，從句和主句的主謂均不倒裝。如：It was not until Grace fell asleep that I left the room．
（2）由從屬連詞where, wherever, everywhere引導(dǎo)的地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)從句表示的從屬結(jié)構(gòu)：
Wherever you go, I will be with you．
（3）由if, unless, providing/provided （that）, as long as, so long as, on condition that, suppose, supposing that, in case, if only引導(dǎo)的條件狀語(yǔ)從句。
（4）由從屬連詞because, as, since, now that（因?yàn)椋?, seeing （that）, considering （that）（考慮到，鑒于）, in view of, in that（因?yàn)椋┮龑?dǎo)的原因狀語(yǔ)從句。如：
Now that you are leaving tomorrow, we can eat dinner together tonight．
Theory is valuable in that it can provide direction for practice．
Seeing that（鑒于） Jeff is young and inexperienced, he is not fit for the work．
注意：in that作為連詞，它所引導(dǎo)的原因狀語(yǔ)從句不能置于句首。
Because, since和as都表示原因，because烈，as最弱，since居中；because可放在主句之前或后面；since和as引導(dǎo)的原因狀語(yǔ)從句按正式英語(yǔ)要求，則應(yīng)放在句首而不能置于主句后面。
（5）由though, although, even if, even though, as, while, whatever, wherever, whoever, however, no matter．．．, granting/granted （that）（姑且認(rèn)為） , in spite of, despite引導(dǎo)的讓步狀語(yǔ)從句。
（6）由as．．．a(chǎn)s, the same as, not so as, than引導(dǎo)的對(duì)比狀語(yǔ)從句。
（7）由as, as if, as though, the way引導(dǎo)的方式狀語(yǔ)從句。
（8）由that, so that, lest, in case, for fear that, in order that引導(dǎo)的目的狀語(yǔ)從句：
Man does not live that he may eat, but eats that he may live．
人活著不是為了吃飯，吃飯則是為了活著。
Holly carried an umbrella in order that she might stay dry in the rain．
（9）由so that, so．．．that, such．．．that, to such a degree/an extent that引導(dǎo)的結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)從句：
It was very cold, so that the river frosted（結(jié)霜） ．
天氣非常寒冷，河水都結(jié)冰了。
1．測(cè)試考生對(duì)篇章的理解能力來(lái)源：www.examda.com
2．測(cè)試考生對(duì)語(yǔ)法結(jié)構(gòu)的理解和綜合運(yùn)用能力
二、完形填空的重點(diǎn)和難點(diǎn)
1．詞匯辨義題；
2．習(xí)慣用法及固定搭配題；
3．語(yǔ)法結(jié)構(gòu)題；
4．邏輯推理題。來(lái)源：www.examda.com
三、完形填空答題步驟
1．快速瀏覽全文；
2．仔細(xì)閱讀每一句話，培養(yǎng)語(yǔ)感；
3．復(fù)查。
四、重點(diǎn)語(yǔ)法復(fù)習(xí)
1．動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)：一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，一般過(guò)去時(shí)，一般將來(lái)時(shí)，現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)，過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)，將來(lái)進(jìn)行時(shí)，現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)，過(guò)去完成時(shí)，將來(lái)完成時(shí)，現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)，過(guò)去完成進(jìn)行時(shí)，過(guò)去將來(lái)時(shí)，過(guò)去將來(lái)進(jìn)行時(shí)，過(guò)去將來(lái)完成時(shí)，過(guò)去將來(lái)完成進(jìn)行時(shí)。
2．虛擬語(yǔ)氣來(lái)源：www.examda.com
1）基本形式：與現(xiàn)在實(shí)際情況相虛擬，與過(guò)去實(shí)際情況虛擬，與將來(lái)實(shí)際情況虛擬，與將來(lái)實(shí)際情況可能相反。
2）特殊句型：
（1）Had the doctor been available, the child would have been saved．
（2）if only, suppose： If only I could afford such a big house．
Suppose you were a millionaire, how would you spend the money?
（3）It is（about, high）time sb．did sth．
（4）without, but for, but that, or, otherwise：
Without air and water, no human being could survive on the earth．
But for your timely help, we couldn't have finished the job on time．
She was seriously ill last night, otherwise she would have attended the party．
（5）錯(cuò)綜時(shí)間條件句：
If I were you, I wouldn't have left school so early．
Had you listened to your parents ten years ago, you would be a successful scientist now．
（6）需要用虛擬的動(dòng)詞：
suggest, propose, insist, prefer, order, command, advise, desire, recommend, require, intend, decide, request, deserve, demand, determine, arrange, beg, ask, pray, urge, move, instruct, stipulate, maintain
（7）需要用虛擬的名詞
idea, importance, insistence, motion, order, plan, proposal, recommendation, request, suggestion, necessity, desire, motion, requirement, resolution, demand, stipulation, advice, preference, wish
（8）需要用虛擬的形容詞
advisable, anxious, appropriate, better, desirable, eager, essential, imperative, important, insistent, keen, natural, necessary, possible, preferable, proper, urgent, vital, absurd, best, content, unfair, odd, pleasant, right, strange, crucial, surprising
（9）wish
She wishes that she were a teacher．
I wish I could take a walk on the moon．
（10）would（had） rather, would sooner, would just as soon
I'd rather you stayed with us tonight．
I would just as soon they had done the job ahead of time．
（11）as if, as though
She talks as if she were a doctor．（It seems as if it's going to rain．）
（12）in case, lest, for fear that
She took an umbrella in case it should rain．
Remember to leave earlier lest you should miss the train．
（13）if only
If only I could speak fluent English．
3． 非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞
1）以不定式做賓語(yǔ)的動(dòng)詞
aim, arrange, ask, afford, agree, apply, attempt, beg, bother, choose, claim, consent, care, decide, decline, demand, dare, desire, determine, elect, endeavor, expect, fail, forget, guarantee, happen, hesitate, hope, intend, learn, long, manage, offer, ought, plan, prepare, presume, pretend, proceed, profess, promise, refuse, request, resolve, seek, strive, swear, tend, threaten, undertake, volunteer, wish
2）以動(dòng)名詞做賓語(yǔ)的動(dòng)詞
miss, mind, enjoy, avoid, admit, finish, escape, practice, acknowledge, advise, allow, anticipate, appreciate, consider, complete, contemplate, delay, deny, endure, evade, facilitate, favor, forbid, forgive, imagine, involve, permit, quit, resent, resume, suggest, advocate, detest, excuse, fancy, mention, resist, stand, understand, celebrate, dispute, doubt, dread, ensure, hinder, prohibit, recommend, can't help, feel like
3）不定式和動(dòng)名詞都可，但意義不同
mean, try, stop, regret, forget, remember, go on, love, like, hate, prefer, dislike
4．倒裝
1）虛擬條件句，省略if，同時(shí)將had, were, should提到主語(yǔ)之前
Were it not for your help, we couldn't have arrived there．
2）so/such．．．that
So little did he know about the subject that he had to stay up preparing for the exam．
3）as, though, no matter how （what）, however
Young as he is, he has accomplished a lot．
However cold it is, he will go swimming in the lake．
4）so, neither, nor
He didn't go to the concert, neither did his family．
5） no, hardly, never, scarcely, seldom, barely, rarely, no longer, not until, no sooner．．．than, hardly．．．when, not only．．．but also, not, little, at no time, by no means, on no account, in no case, in no way, under/in no circumstances在句首
6）only+adverb, prepositional phrase, adverbial clause
Only in this way can we hope to solve the problem of environmental pollution．
7）here/there/now/then/hence
Here comes the bus．
5．一致性
1）時(shí)態(tài)一致
2）主謂一致
（1）時(shí)間，重量，長(zhǎng)度，價(jià)值，面積，體積可以是單數(shù)
（2）and表示一個(gè)整體，用單數(shù)
bread and butter, cup and saucer, knife and fork, ebb and flow, needle and thread, trial and error, law and order
（3）people, police, cattle, poultry, militia, youth通常為復(fù)數(shù)；public, family, committee, audience, choir, class, club, company, council, crew, firm, gang, school, staff, union, board, flock, government, jury可單可復(fù)
（4）any, anybody, anyone, anything, each, either, every, everybody, everyone, everything, neither, nobody, no one, nothing, somebody, someone, something
（5）with, together with, as well as, like, but, except, accompanied by, in addition to, rather than, besides, as much as
（6）either．．．or, neither．．．nor, not only．．．but also, not．．．but
（7）a number of, the number of
6． 形容詞和副詞
1）形容詞的詞序：限定詞（冠詞，代詞，所有格形式） +數(shù)詞或last, next等+一般描述性形容詞+大小，長(zhǎng)短，高低+形狀+年齡，新舊+顏色+國(guó)籍，地區(qū)，出處+物質(zhì)材料+用途，類(lèi)別+名詞中心詞
a bright red silk dress, a beautiful large green Chinese carpet
2）比較級(jí)和級(jí)
7．邏輯關(guān)系表達(dá)方式
（1）以when, whenever, as, since, till, until, before, after, as soon as, once, the moment, the instant, immediately, the day, no sooner．．．than, hardly/scarcely．．．when, instantly, every time, the minute, the second等引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句：
Susan worked in the library until she transferred（調(diào)轉(zhuǎn)，調(diào)任）to the Advanced Training Center of State Power Corporation．
I'll ring you up as soon as I get an answer from Charlie．
Once she has made up her mind, Ross will never change．
Arthur and Molly were lovers when they were at college．
注意：when, while和as 引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句時(shí)用法上的區(qū)別。
When既可表示一時(shí)性的動(dòng)作又可表示持續(xù)的動(dòng)作；while不能表示一時(shí)性或短暫的動(dòng)作，只能表示持續(xù)性的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)；as則表示兩個(gè)動(dòng)作同時(shí)進(jìn)行或一個(gè)動(dòng)作和一個(gè)狀態(tài)同時(shí)進(jìn)行。如：
As Professor Li entered, the hall burst into thunderous applause（雷鳴般的掌聲） ．
Till和until用法上的異同。
Till可用作及物動(dòng)詞，如：Farmers till the land．（農(nóng)夫種田）；until則不能用作動(dòng)詞；until 比till強(qiáng)調(diào)，故用于句首時(shí)通常用until而不用till，在口語(yǔ)中常用till而不用until; Not until的強(qiáng)倒裝調(diào)句式不能用till替換，但注意not until開(kāi)頭的強(qiáng)調(diào)結(jié)構(gòu)用于It is （was）…that 這一強(qiáng)調(diào)句中時(shí)，從句和主句的主謂均不倒裝。如：It was not until Grace fell asleep that I left the room．
（2）由從屬連詞where, wherever, everywhere引導(dǎo)的地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)從句表示的從屬結(jié)構(gòu)：
Wherever you go, I will be with you．
（3）由if, unless, providing/provided （that）, as long as, so long as, on condition that, suppose, supposing that, in case, if only引導(dǎo)的條件狀語(yǔ)從句。
（4）由從屬連詞because, as, since, now that（因?yàn)椋?, seeing （that）, considering （that）（考慮到，鑒于）, in view of, in that（因?yàn)椋┮龑?dǎo)的原因狀語(yǔ)從句。如：
Now that you are leaving tomorrow, we can eat dinner together tonight．
Theory is valuable in that it can provide direction for practice．
Seeing that（鑒于） Jeff is young and inexperienced, he is not fit for the work．
注意：in that作為連詞，它所引導(dǎo)的原因狀語(yǔ)從句不能置于句首。
Because, since和as都表示原因，because烈，as最弱，since居中；because可放在主句之前或后面；since和as引導(dǎo)的原因狀語(yǔ)從句按正式英語(yǔ)要求，則應(yīng)放在句首而不能置于主句后面。
（5）由though, although, even if, even though, as, while, whatever, wherever, whoever, however, no matter．．．, granting/granted （that）（姑且認(rèn)為） , in spite of, despite引導(dǎo)的讓步狀語(yǔ)從句。
（6）由as．．．a(chǎn)s, the same as, not so as, than引導(dǎo)的對(duì)比狀語(yǔ)從句。
（7）由as, as if, as though, the way引導(dǎo)的方式狀語(yǔ)從句。
（8）由that, so that, lest, in case, for fear that, in order that引導(dǎo)的目的狀語(yǔ)從句：
Man does not live that he may eat, but eats that he may live．
人活著不是為了吃飯，吃飯則是為了活著。
Holly carried an umbrella in order that she might stay dry in the rain．
（9）由so that, so．．．that, such．．．that, to such a degree/an extent that引導(dǎo)的結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)從句：
It was very cold, so that the river frosted（結(jié)霜） ．
天氣非常寒冷，河水都結(jié)冰了。