透視語法回顧考例——動詞不定式、it的用法

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一、動詞不定式
    [考查熱點]
    帶to的動詞不定式與V-ing形式作賓語的區(qū)別,不帶to的動詞不定式與V-ing形式作賓語補足語的區(qū)別,帶to的不定式作賓語補足語以及其否定形式,“疑問詞+動詞不定式”結(jié)構(gòu),固定結(jié)構(gòu)中的動詞不定式以及動詞不定式作定語的用法。
    [考例回顧]
    1. We are often told ________at people in trouble.
    A. not to smile B. to smile
    C. not to laugh D. to laugh
    (2005天津市)
    答案與簡析:C.laugh at意為“嘲笑”,可排除A和B.tell sb to do sth意為“告訴某人做某事”,其否定形式是tell sb not to do sth,應(yīng)選C.
    2. The soldier rushed into the room ________ the baby in the fire.
    A. to save B. saving C. and save D. saved
    (2005江蘇常州)
    答案與簡析:A.to save the baby in the fire作目的狀語。
    3. The naughty (淘氣的)boy is made ________ his homework before 9:00 every night.
    A. to finish B. finish C. finishes D. finishing
    (2005山東濰坊)
    答案與簡析:A.使役動詞(如let,make等)及感官動詞(如see,hear,watch,feel等)后作賓語補足語的動詞不定式都不帶to.但將其改為被動語態(tài)時,則要加上to(但let不能用于被動語態(tài))。
    4. Mr Green kept on ________ the players ________ teamwork.
    A. asking;to remember B. asking;remembering
    C. to ask;remembering D. to ask;to remember
    (2005江蘇無錫)
    答案與簡析:A.keep on doing sth意為“一直/繼續(xù)做某事”,可先排除C和D.再由ask sb to do sth結(jié)構(gòu)確定選A.
    二、it的用法
    [考查熱點]
    it用來指事物或某一件事情的用法,代詞it和one的區(qū)別,it在特定的語境中指不明身份的“人”,it用作形式主語或形式賓語,it在固定句型中的用法。
    [考例回顧]
    1. - A latest English newspaper, please!
    - Only one copy left. Would you like to have ________, sir?
    A. it B. one C. this D. that
    (2005江蘇徐州)
    答案與簡析:A.it可用來指代前面提到的同一人或物,特指前面所提到的人或物,意為“這個;那個”,它可用來指代可數(shù)名詞、不可數(shù)名詞。one是指同類事物中的“一個”,泛指前面所提到的物或人,它只可指代可數(shù)名詞。由上文的Only one copy left. 可知此空應(yīng)用代詞it來代替上文的只剩下的那份報紙。若選B,則指同類報紙中的一份。
    2. We find________impossible to get there before 8:00 o'clock.
    A. her B. it C. this D. that
    (2005甘肅省)
    答案與簡析:B.此句中的it作形式賓語,用來指代后面真正的賓語to get there before 8:00 o'clock.