1. 個體與群體關(guān)系
一個集合體的名詞和一個表示個體的名詞放在一起,由多個相同的個體可以組成一個集合體,如choir和singer,cast和actor,orchestra和instrumentalist,flock和birds,school和fish,herd和cattle,soldier和army,colony和bacterium,armada和vehicle,fusillade和projectiles,barrage和explosives,gravel和pebble,nation和citizen.
有時需考慮這個個體在組成團體時的規(guī)律性及團體自身的特點,如matrix和number只能對應(yīng)crystal和atom而不能對應(yīng)gas和molecule.因為矩陣matrix是數(shù)按某種空間的規(guī)律組成的,而氣體gas則由無規(guī)則的分子molecule組成。再如tile組成mosaic,stitch組成sampler,還有array和number,formation和soldier.
另外,總體名詞與表示個體的名詞的復(fù)數(shù)形式構(gòu)成同義關(guān)系。如:people和persons,staff和workers,faculty和teachers,portfolio和securities,dossier和report,clientele和customers.
2. 種屬關(guān)系
有時只有一個選項具備種屬關(guān)系,非常簡單,但有時會有幾個具備種屬關(guān)系的選項,這時需考慮這個具體名詞的特點、性質(zhì)等的上下的對應(yīng)。如limousine和automobile只能對應(yīng)mansion和residence而不能對應(yīng)tuxedo和wardrobe,因tuxedo是一種普通的衣服。tornado,hurricane,typhoon均屬于cyclone.
其它常見種屬關(guān)系如turquoise和gem,snow和precipitation,violet和flower,compendium和summary,anthology和collection,cacophony和sound,lampoon和satire,sonnet和poem,royalty和payment,tango和dance,bowl和receptacle,glare和light,granite和rock,magazine和periodical,gust和wind,cloudburst和rainfall,mimicry和camouflage,mutation和variation,enzyme和catalyst,bacterium和microbe,ostrich和bird,tiger和cat,suitcase和luggage,hat和millinery.
3. 部分與整體關(guān)系
1)部分本身沒有任何特點,幾個部分可組成整體。如:stanza和poem,act和opera.
2)部分是整體的一個有特色的部分,如開頭、結(jié)尾等,此時對應(yīng)選項中的部分應(yīng)與題干中的部分有相應(yīng)的特點。如:credit和movie對應(yīng)byline和article.其它如preamble和statute,overture和opera,prologue和play,prelude和music,coda和sonata.
3)植物與其葉子關(guān)系如:leaf和oak,needle和pine,frond和fern.
4. 人與其特點關(guān)系
1)人與其性格特點的正/反面關(guān)系
正面關(guān)系,如:zealot和fervor,altruist和selflessness,partisan和allegiance,diplomat和tact,inventor和ingenuity,coward和craven,dupe和credulous,acrobat和agility,boor和insensitive,loner和solitary,surgeon和dexterity,blowhard和boastful,toady和obsequious,supplicant和humility,adversary和resistance,recluse和withdrawn,bigot和biased,wag和humorous,dolt和stupid.
反面關(guān)系,如:maverick和conformity,stickler和approximation,purist和adulteration,heretic和orthodoxy,poseur和sincerity,recluse和gregariousness,coward和brave,philanthropist和selfish,neophyte和experience,boor和sensitivity,yokel和sophistication.
2)人與其行為的正/反面關(guān)系
正面關(guān)系,如:proctor和supervise,prodigal和squander,conspirators和collusion,juggernaut和crush,quisling和betray,foragers和grazing,hunter和stalking,faultfinder和criticize,arbitrator和mediate,instigator和incite,bully和browbeat.反面關(guān)系,如:extrovert和reserve,miser和spend.有時需注意動作的作用對象的區(qū)分,如ascetic和indulge只能對應(yīng)libertine和restrain而不能對應(yīng)benefactor和stint.
3)人與其追求的目標:hedonist和pleasure,recluse和privacy,ascetic和self-control.
4)人與其必然擁有的特點:pundits和authoritativeness,expert和expertise,pest和irksome.
5)人與其過分擁有的特點:prudish和propriety,gourmand和appetite,miser和thrifty,chauvanist和patriotism,querulous和complain.
6)人或事物與其所追求的過分的目標。如:usury和interest,gouging和price,finicky和quality.
5. 事物與其正/反面特點
正面關(guān)系:whim和capricious,fact和objective,synopsis和condensed,plant和herbaceous,trees和arboreal,orchestra和instrumental,labyrinth和tortuous,ornament和decorative,gadfly和annoying,stealth和furtive,caprice和whimsical,bombast和pompous,tirade和critical.
反面關(guān)系:chance和inevitable,invention和insipid,imagination和prosaic,gaucherie和urbane,melodrama和subtlety,chimera和authenticity.
6. 詞與詞的正/反面關(guān)系
1)兩個形容詞的反面關(guān)系,如:invincible和subdued,impervious和damaged,wary和gulled,untenable和defended,invulnerable和injured,inscrutable和understood,incorrigible和reformed.
2)兩個形容詞的同義關(guān)系,如:martial和military,mysterious和runic,aphoristic和terse,hyperbolic和exaggerated.
3)形容詞和名詞的正/反面關(guān)系,此時可加入一個人或物把兩者連接起來,即具備了這一形容詞所修飾的特點的人或物與另一名詞的關(guān)系。正面如:headstrong和willfulness,fawning和subservience,lavish和extravagance,generous和liberality,endemic利region,inborn和individual,pertinent和relevance,redundant和superfluity,chary和caution,imperturbable和composure,despotic和tyranny.反面如:audacious和trepidation,laconic和volubility,exorbitant和moderation,illusory和reality,perfidious和loyalty,offensive和tact,paradigmatic和anomaly,superfluous和terseness,legitimated和claim,confirmed和hypothesis,maladroit和skill,glib和profundity,boundless和limit,impeccable和flaw,specious和genuineness,truculent和gentleness,unregenerate和remorse,frank和secretiveness,callow和maturity.
4)形容詞與動同的正/反面關(guān)系
正面如:simultaneous和coincide,lavish和squander,didactic和instruct,comic和amuse,indistinct和mutter,rnonotonous和drone,contiguous和abut.
反面如:reticent和speak,parsimonious和spend,flip和respect,foolproof和fail,airtight和leak,fearless和daunt,articulate和unclear,elaborate和sketchy,nonchalant和concern,taciturn和chatter,magnanimous和begrudge.
5)副詞和名詞的反面關(guān)系
如:indolently和veneration,perfunctorily和inspiration.
6)動詞的反面關(guān)系
如:waft和plummet,meander和dash,disperse和reconvene,dismiss和reinstate
7)副詞對動詞的正面修飾
如:articulate和clearly,shout和loudly.
8)同義詞的褒貶類比
如:interest和inveigle,plan和scheme.
7. 程度類比
一般說來,兩個單詞的詞性是相同的
1)形容詞的程度比較:一般比較簡單,兩個單詞修飾同一個方面,但在程度上有所差異。如glaring和bright,deafening和loud,minuscule和small,saturated和moist,obvious和perceptible,crucial和relevant,agog和interested,fanatic和devoted.但有時也比較復(fù)雜,如rapacious和covetous,prude和proper,paranoid和suspicious,idolatrous和devoted,zealous和enthusiastic,stygian和dark,abysmal和low.
有時會夾雜褒貶類比,如:attentive和officious,refined和snobbish,receptive和gullible,frugal和penurious,compliant和obsequious,talkative和garrulous,sweet和cloying,confident和arrogant.
2)動詞的程度類比可分兩種:
一種是這個動作在表示動作主體的態(tài)度的強烈程度上的差異,如:complain和carp,indulge和mollycoddle,instruct和goad,tend和fuss,reproach和upbraid,like和dote,suggest和urge;
另一種是動作本身激烈程度或造成結(jié)果的強烈程度上的差異,如:drink和guzzle,embarrass和mortify,glimmer和dazzle,warm和sear,involve和entangle,trickle和gush,gnaw和nibble,quaff和sip,gobble和nibble,suffuse和tint,wander和amble,enrage和irk. 3)名詞的程度比較,也可分為兩類。
一類是具體名詞的程度比較,也可以叫同類物質(zhì)的大小的比較,如twig和limb,pebble和boulder,quibble和objection,foible和flaw,figurine和colossus,storm和hurricane,fire和inferno,tiff和quarrel,minutiae和details,elapse和error,nuance和distinction,inkling和indication.
另一類是抽象名詞的程度比較,兩者在態(tài)度的強烈程度上或結(jié)果的嚴重程度上有差異,如:admonishment和castigation,irreverence和blasphemy,confusion和delirium,unconsciousness和coma,peccadillo和sin,ecstasy和pleasure,surprise和astonishment,pride和hubris.
8. 修飾關(guān)系
1)直接修飾
一個形容詞和一個名詞放在一起,這個形容詞可以對這個名詞做出某些限定。如redolent和smell,前者表示了后者的一種好的性狀,此類關(guān)系中對應(yīng)選項的特點也應(yīng)是形容詞可對名詞進行限定,并且此形容詞應(yīng)和題干中的形容詞的上下對應(yīng)很工整,如褒貶的對應(yīng),簡單/復(fù)雜狀態(tài)的對應(yīng)等。所以做這類題的關(guān)鍵是要大家對于這兩個形容詞有一種正確的感覺。如:laconic和speech對應(yīng)austere和design,articulate和speech對應(yīng)graceful和movement,volatile和temper對應(yīng)ready和wit,frenetic和movement對應(yīng)fanatical和belief,fetid和smell對應(yīng)ugly和appearance.
抽象名詞也可修飾名詞的特點,如stridency和sound對應(yīng)garishness和appearance,此時抽象名詞的特點的上下對應(yīng)是找到答案的關(guān)鍵。
2)物體與其形狀的關(guān)系
如:scoop和concave,spatula和flat,skewer和tined.
9. 動作與情感
1)動作體現(xiàn)情感:一個表示人的動作的動詞和一個表示人的情感的名詞或形容詞放在一起。如obeisance和submission,countenance和toleration,sneer和contemptuous,gush和effusiveness,rage和irate,blush和discomfited,gloat和smug,groan和aggrieved,cower和fear,swagger和bravado,snub和disdain,demur和objection/qualms,embrace和affection,frown和displeasure,preen和self-satisfaction,fume和anger,apologize和contrite,compliment和impressed,exult和satisfaction,crave和longing.
2)動作體現(xiàn)缺乏情感。如quit和pluck,waver和resolution,grovel和pride,fawn和imperiousness.
10. 因果關(guān)系
其中一個單詞表示了原因,另一個單詞表示結(jié)果,注意不要和同義關(guān)系混淆,一般說來,同義關(guān)系的兩個詞的詞性是相同的,否則應(yīng)首先考慮其他關(guān)系。
如:torque和rotation,tension和elongation,redoubtable和awe,venerable和respect,despicable和contempt,droll和laugh,pernicious和injure,disingenuous和mislead,dreadful和cringe,nervousness和fidget,macabre和shudder,hilarious和laugh,motive和deed,doubt和question.
11. 物與物的關(guān)系
1)物與其皮的關(guān)系。如:apple和skin,melon和rind,conifer和back,pecan和shell,wheat和chaff,mammal和epidermis,seed和hull,cell和membrane.
2)物質(zhì)與其碎屑的關(guān)系。如:crumb和bread,shard和pottery,shaving/splinter和wood,filing和rnetal,fragment和bone. 3)阻斷關(guān)系。如:tourniquet和blood,dam和water.
4)盛放關(guān)系。如:envelope和letter,crate和produce,larder和food,armory和munitions,hamper和laundry,bookcase和books,wardrobe和clothes.
5)消除關(guān)系。如:antidote和poison,tonic和lethargy.
6)支撐關(guān)系。如:strut和wing,buttress和wall,bone和body,guy和pylon,framing和building,girder和skyscraper,skeleton和animal.
7)前是后者中的異常部位。如:plaque和artery,silt和channel,glade和forest,oasis和desert.
8)穩(wěn)固關(guān)系。如:peldestal和statue,foundation和house.
9)防止關(guān)系。如:amulet和evil,helmet和injury,law和criminality,lesson和falsehood.
10)邊緣關(guān)系。如:margin和page,outskirts和town,flange和wheel,shoulder和roadway.
11)遮蔽關(guān)系。如:tablecloth和table,sheet和mattress,veil和face,curtain和stage,muffler和neck,mitten和hand,mask和face,pseudonym和name.
12)位置關(guān)系。如:palate和mouth,ceiling和room.
13)場所關(guān)系,此項須區(qū)分被加工物是原料還是成品。如:mill和grain,forge和metal,concert和symphony,exhibition和painting,host和parasite,medium和bacterium. “
14)老式和新式關(guān)系。如:daguerreotype和photograph,musket和firearm.
15)新與老的關(guān)系。如:cookie和professional,recruit和cookie.
16)防止關(guān)系。如:raincoat和rain,insurance和loss,antibiotic和infection,coagulant和bleeding.與動作與其 防止對象的關(guān)系區(qū)分,如:disguise和identification,lubricate和abrasion,camouflage和detection.
17)長短關(guān)系。如:ditty和oratorio,anecdote和novel,skit和play.
18)前是后的依據(jù)。如:script和play,score和symphony.
19)前是后的一種規(guī)范。如:grammar和language,protocol和conduct.
20)裝飾關(guān)系。如:frieze和building,illumination和manuscript,molding和cabinet,ruttle和shirt.
21)捕捉關(guān)系。如:net和fish,snare和animal.
22)生殖關(guān)系。如:egg和chicken,roe和salmon.
23)前是對后的記錄。如:photograph和light,recording和sound,minutes和meeting,deed和sale.
24)生長環(huán)境的關(guān)系:plant和soil,organism和medium,infant和incubator,flower和greenhouse,fruit和orchard.
25)真與假的關(guān)系。如:denture和teeth,toupee和hair.
26)同類的人或物正常與非正常的關(guān)系。如:listener和eavesdropper,observer和spy.
一個集合體的名詞和一個表示個體的名詞放在一起,由多個相同的個體可以組成一個集合體,如choir和singer,cast和actor,orchestra和instrumentalist,flock和birds,school和fish,herd和cattle,soldier和army,colony和bacterium,armada和vehicle,fusillade和projectiles,barrage和explosives,gravel和pebble,nation和citizen.
有時需考慮這個個體在組成團體時的規(guī)律性及團體自身的特點,如matrix和number只能對應(yīng)crystal和atom而不能對應(yīng)gas和molecule.因為矩陣matrix是數(shù)按某種空間的規(guī)律組成的,而氣體gas則由無規(guī)則的分子molecule組成。再如tile組成mosaic,stitch組成sampler,還有array和number,formation和soldier.
另外,總體名詞與表示個體的名詞的復(fù)數(shù)形式構(gòu)成同義關(guān)系。如:people和persons,staff和workers,faculty和teachers,portfolio和securities,dossier和report,clientele和customers.
2. 種屬關(guān)系
有時只有一個選項具備種屬關(guān)系,非常簡單,但有時會有幾個具備種屬關(guān)系的選項,這時需考慮這個具體名詞的特點、性質(zhì)等的上下的對應(yīng)。如limousine和automobile只能對應(yīng)mansion和residence而不能對應(yīng)tuxedo和wardrobe,因tuxedo是一種普通的衣服。tornado,hurricane,typhoon均屬于cyclone.
其它常見種屬關(guān)系如turquoise和gem,snow和precipitation,violet和flower,compendium和summary,anthology和collection,cacophony和sound,lampoon和satire,sonnet和poem,royalty和payment,tango和dance,bowl和receptacle,glare和light,granite和rock,magazine和periodical,gust和wind,cloudburst和rainfall,mimicry和camouflage,mutation和variation,enzyme和catalyst,bacterium和microbe,ostrich和bird,tiger和cat,suitcase和luggage,hat和millinery.
3. 部分與整體關(guān)系
1)部分本身沒有任何特點,幾個部分可組成整體。如:stanza和poem,act和opera.
2)部分是整體的一個有特色的部分,如開頭、結(jié)尾等,此時對應(yīng)選項中的部分應(yīng)與題干中的部分有相應(yīng)的特點。如:credit和movie對應(yīng)byline和article.其它如preamble和statute,overture和opera,prologue和play,prelude和music,coda和sonata.
3)植物與其葉子關(guān)系如:leaf和oak,needle和pine,frond和fern.
4. 人與其特點關(guān)系
1)人與其性格特點的正/反面關(guān)系
正面關(guān)系,如:zealot和fervor,altruist和selflessness,partisan和allegiance,diplomat和tact,inventor和ingenuity,coward和craven,dupe和credulous,acrobat和agility,boor和insensitive,loner和solitary,surgeon和dexterity,blowhard和boastful,toady和obsequious,supplicant和humility,adversary和resistance,recluse和withdrawn,bigot和biased,wag和humorous,dolt和stupid.
反面關(guān)系,如:maverick和conformity,stickler和approximation,purist和adulteration,heretic和orthodoxy,poseur和sincerity,recluse和gregariousness,coward和brave,philanthropist和selfish,neophyte和experience,boor和sensitivity,yokel和sophistication.
2)人與其行為的正/反面關(guān)系
正面關(guān)系,如:proctor和supervise,prodigal和squander,conspirators和collusion,juggernaut和crush,quisling和betray,foragers和grazing,hunter和stalking,faultfinder和criticize,arbitrator和mediate,instigator和incite,bully和browbeat.反面關(guān)系,如:extrovert和reserve,miser和spend.有時需注意動作的作用對象的區(qū)分,如ascetic和indulge只能對應(yīng)libertine和restrain而不能對應(yīng)benefactor和stint.
3)人與其追求的目標:hedonist和pleasure,recluse和privacy,ascetic和self-control.
4)人與其必然擁有的特點:pundits和authoritativeness,expert和expertise,pest和irksome.
5)人與其過分擁有的特點:prudish和propriety,gourmand和appetite,miser和thrifty,chauvanist和patriotism,querulous和complain.
6)人或事物與其所追求的過分的目標。如:usury和interest,gouging和price,finicky和quality.
5. 事物與其正/反面特點
正面關(guān)系:whim和capricious,fact和objective,synopsis和condensed,plant和herbaceous,trees和arboreal,orchestra和instrumental,labyrinth和tortuous,ornament和decorative,gadfly和annoying,stealth和furtive,caprice和whimsical,bombast和pompous,tirade和critical.
反面關(guān)系:chance和inevitable,invention和insipid,imagination和prosaic,gaucherie和urbane,melodrama和subtlety,chimera和authenticity.
6. 詞與詞的正/反面關(guān)系
1)兩個形容詞的反面關(guān)系,如:invincible和subdued,impervious和damaged,wary和gulled,untenable和defended,invulnerable和injured,inscrutable和understood,incorrigible和reformed.
2)兩個形容詞的同義關(guān)系,如:martial和military,mysterious和runic,aphoristic和terse,hyperbolic和exaggerated.
3)形容詞和名詞的正/反面關(guān)系,此時可加入一個人或物把兩者連接起來,即具備了這一形容詞所修飾的特點的人或物與另一名詞的關(guān)系。正面如:headstrong和willfulness,fawning和subservience,lavish和extravagance,generous和liberality,endemic利region,inborn和individual,pertinent和relevance,redundant和superfluity,chary和caution,imperturbable和composure,despotic和tyranny.反面如:audacious和trepidation,laconic和volubility,exorbitant和moderation,illusory和reality,perfidious和loyalty,offensive和tact,paradigmatic和anomaly,superfluous和terseness,legitimated和claim,confirmed和hypothesis,maladroit和skill,glib和profundity,boundless和limit,impeccable和flaw,specious和genuineness,truculent和gentleness,unregenerate和remorse,frank和secretiveness,callow和maturity.
4)形容詞與動同的正/反面關(guān)系
正面如:simultaneous和coincide,lavish和squander,didactic和instruct,comic和amuse,indistinct和mutter,rnonotonous和drone,contiguous和abut.
反面如:reticent和speak,parsimonious和spend,flip和respect,foolproof和fail,airtight和leak,fearless和daunt,articulate和unclear,elaborate和sketchy,nonchalant和concern,taciturn和chatter,magnanimous和begrudge.
5)副詞和名詞的反面關(guān)系
如:indolently和veneration,perfunctorily和inspiration.
6)動詞的反面關(guān)系
如:waft和plummet,meander和dash,disperse和reconvene,dismiss和reinstate
7)副詞對動詞的正面修飾
如:articulate和clearly,shout和loudly.
8)同義詞的褒貶類比
如:interest和inveigle,plan和scheme.
7. 程度類比
一般說來,兩個單詞的詞性是相同的
1)形容詞的程度比較:一般比較簡單,兩個單詞修飾同一個方面,但在程度上有所差異。如glaring和bright,deafening和loud,minuscule和small,saturated和moist,obvious和perceptible,crucial和relevant,agog和interested,fanatic和devoted.但有時也比較復(fù)雜,如rapacious和covetous,prude和proper,paranoid和suspicious,idolatrous和devoted,zealous和enthusiastic,stygian和dark,abysmal和low.
有時會夾雜褒貶類比,如:attentive和officious,refined和snobbish,receptive和gullible,frugal和penurious,compliant和obsequious,talkative和garrulous,sweet和cloying,confident和arrogant.
2)動詞的程度類比可分兩種:
一種是這個動作在表示動作主體的態(tài)度的強烈程度上的差異,如:complain和carp,indulge和mollycoddle,instruct和goad,tend和fuss,reproach和upbraid,like和dote,suggest和urge;
另一種是動作本身激烈程度或造成結(jié)果的強烈程度上的差異,如:drink和guzzle,embarrass和mortify,glimmer和dazzle,warm和sear,involve和entangle,trickle和gush,gnaw和nibble,quaff和sip,gobble和nibble,suffuse和tint,wander和amble,enrage和irk. 3)名詞的程度比較,也可分為兩類。
一類是具體名詞的程度比較,也可以叫同類物質(zhì)的大小的比較,如twig和limb,pebble和boulder,quibble和objection,foible和flaw,figurine和colossus,storm和hurricane,fire和inferno,tiff和quarrel,minutiae和details,elapse和error,nuance和distinction,inkling和indication.
另一類是抽象名詞的程度比較,兩者在態(tài)度的強烈程度上或結(jié)果的嚴重程度上有差異,如:admonishment和castigation,irreverence和blasphemy,confusion和delirium,unconsciousness和coma,peccadillo和sin,ecstasy和pleasure,surprise和astonishment,pride和hubris.
8. 修飾關(guān)系
1)直接修飾
一個形容詞和一個名詞放在一起,這個形容詞可以對這個名詞做出某些限定。如redolent和smell,前者表示了后者的一種好的性狀,此類關(guān)系中對應(yīng)選項的特點也應(yīng)是形容詞可對名詞進行限定,并且此形容詞應(yīng)和題干中的形容詞的上下對應(yīng)很工整,如褒貶的對應(yīng),簡單/復(fù)雜狀態(tài)的對應(yīng)等。所以做這類題的關(guān)鍵是要大家對于這兩個形容詞有一種正確的感覺。如:laconic和speech對應(yīng)austere和design,articulate和speech對應(yīng)graceful和movement,volatile和temper對應(yīng)ready和wit,frenetic和movement對應(yīng)fanatical和belief,fetid和smell對應(yīng)ugly和appearance.
抽象名詞也可修飾名詞的特點,如stridency和sound對應(yīng)garishness和appearance,此時抽象名詞的特點的上下對應(yīng)是找到答案的關(guān)鍵。
2)物體與其形狀的關(guān)系
如:scoop和concave,spatula和flat,skewer和tined.
9. 動作與情感
1)動作體現(xiàn)情感:一個表示人的動作的動詞和一個表示人的情感的名詞或形容詞放在一起。如obeisance和submission,countenance和toleration,sneer和contemptuous,gush和effusiveness,rage和irate,blush和discomfited,gloat和smug,groan和aggrieved,cower和fear,swagger和bravado,snub和disdain,demur和objection/qualms,embrace和affection,frown和displeasure,preen和self-satisfaction,fume和anger,apologize和contrite,compliment和impressed,exult和satisfaction,crave和longing.
2)動作體現(xiàn)缺乏情感。如quit和pluck,waver和resolution,grovel和pride,fawn和imperiousness.
10. 因果關(guān)系
其中一個單詞表示了原因,另一個單詞表示結(jié)果,注意不要和同義關(guān)系混淆,一般說來,同義關(guān)系的兩個詞的詞性是相同的,否則應(yīng)首先考慮其他關(guān)系。
如:torque和rotation,tension和elongation,redoubtable和awe,venerable和respect,despicable和contempt,droll和laugh,pernicious和injure,disingenuous和mislead,dreadful和cringe,nervousness和fidget,macabre和shudder,hilarious和laugh,motive和deed,doubt和question.
11. 物與物的關(guān)系
1)物與其皮的關(guān)系。如:apple和skin,melon和rind,conifer和back,pecan和shell,wheat和chaff,mammal和epidermis,seed和hull,cell和membrane.
2)物質(zhì)與其碎屑的關(guān)系。如:crumb和bread,shard和pottery,shaving/splinter和wood,filing和rnetal,fragment和bone. 3)阻斷關(guān)系。如:tourniquet和blood,dam和water.
4)盛放關(guān)系。如:envelope和letter,crate和produce,larder和food,armory和munitions,hamper和laundry,bookcase和books,wardrobe和clothes.
5)消除關(guān)系。如:antidote和poison,tonic和lethargy.
6)支撐關(guān)系。如:strut和wing,buttress和wall,bone和body,guy和pylon,framing和building,girder和skyscraper,skeleton和animal.
7)前是后者中的異常部位。如:plaque和artery,silt和channel,glade和forest,oasis和desert.
8)穩(wěn)固關(guān)系。如:peldestal和statue,foundation和house.
9)防止關(guān)系。如:amulet和evil,helmet和injury,law和criminality,lesson和falsehood.
10)邊緣關(guān)系。如:margin和page,outskirts和town,flange和wheel,shoulder和roadway.
11)遮蔽關(guān)系。如:tablecloth和table,sheet和mattress,veil和face,curtain和stage,muffler和neck,mitten和hand,mask和face,pseudonym和name.
12)位置關(guān)系。如:palate和mouth,ceiling和room.
13)場所關(guān)系,此項須區(qū)分被加工物是原料還是成品。如:mill和grain,forge和metal,concert和symphony,exhibition和painting,host和parasite,medium和bacterium. “
14)老式和新式關(guān)系。如:daguerreotype和photograph,musket和firearm.
15)新與老的關(guān)系。如:cookie和professional,recruit和cookie.
16)防止關(guān)系。如:raincoat和rain,insurance和loss,antibiotic和infection,coagulant和bleeding.與動作與其 防止對象的關(guān)系區(qū)分,如:disguise和identification,lubricate和abrasion,camouflage和detection.
17)長短關(guān)系。如:ditty和oratorio,anecdote和novel,skit和play.
18)前是后的依據(jù)。如:script和play,score和symphony.
19)前是后的一種規(guī)范。如:grammar和language,protocol和conduct.
20)裝飾關(guān)系。如:frieze和building,illumination和manuscript,molding和cabinet,ruttle和shirt.
21)捕捉關(guān)系。如:net和fish,snare和animal.
22)生殖關(guān)系。如:egg和chicken,roe和salmon.
23)前是對后的記錄。如:photograph和light,recording和sound,minutes和meeting,deed和sale.
24)生長環(huán)境的關(guān)系:plant和soil,organism和medium,infant和incubator,flower和greenhouse,fruit和orchard.
25)真與假的關(guān)系。如:denture和teeth,toupee和hair.
26)同類的人或物正常與非正常的關(guān)系。如:listener和eavesdropper,observer和spy.

