資料內(nèi)容預(yù)覽：
英語政治演說文體的一個(gè)基本特征是通俗易懂，不管是學(xué)者、教授，還是平民、文盲一聽就懂。政治演說大都邏輯嚴(yán)密，語言精煉，簡(jiǎn)明扼要，短促有力，有鼓動(dòng)性，有感召力。有的演說使用排比、對(duì)仗等手段，使語言有音樂的節(jié)奏，有藝術(shù)的魅力。在諸多政治演說中，美國(guó)已故總統(tǒng)亞伯拉罕·林肯1863年在葛底斯堡的演說可以算得上是精品中的精品。一百多年來，在美國(guó)，甚至在全世界廣為流傳，真可為傳世佳作。我國(guó)有些學(xué)者早就把這篇演說譯成中文，可是筆者發(fā)現(xiàn)就正式出版的書刊里林肯演說的中譯本大都不能體現(xiàn)原文的語言和文體風(fēng)格。這里筆者把原文和兩個(gè)中譯本抄錄于下。
Lincoln’s Gettysburg Address
(on Nov.19,1863)
Four score and seven years ago, our fathers brought forth upon this continent a new nation, conceived in liberty and dedicated to the proposition that all men are created equal.
Now we are engaged in a great civil war, testing whether that nation, or any nation, so conceived and so dedicated, can long endure.
We are met on a great battle field of the war. We have come to dedicate a portion of the field as the final resting-place of those who here gave their lives that that nation might live.
It is altogether fitting and proper that we should do this.
But , in a larger sense, we cannot dedicate, we cannot consecrate, we cannot hallow, this ground. The brave men, living and dead, who struggled here, have consecrated it, far above our power to add or to detract.The world will little note nor long remember what we say here, but it can never forget what they did here.
It is for us, the living, rather, to be dedicated here, to the unfinished work which they who fought here have thus far so nobly advanced. It is rather for us to be here dedicated to the great task remaining before us: that from these honored dead we take increased devotion to that cause for which they here gave the last full measure of devotion; that we here highly resolve that these dead shall not have died in vain; that the nation shall. under God, have a new birth of freedom, and that government of the people, by the people, for the people, shall not perish from the earth.
美國(guó)總統(tǒng)林肯葛底斯堡演講詞
八十七年前，我們的先輩們?cè)谶@個(gè)大陸上創(chuàng)立了一個(gè)新國(guó)家，它孕育于自由之中，奉行一切人生來平等的原則。
現(xiàn)在我們正從事一場(chǎng)偉大的內(nèi)戰(zhàn)，以考驗(yàn)這個(gè)國(guó)家，或者說以考驗(yàn)任何一個(gè)孕育于自由而奉行上述原則的國(guó)家是否能夠長(zhǎng)久存在下去。
我們?cè)谶@場(chǎng)戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)中的一個(gè)偉大戰(zhàn)場(chǎng)上集會(huì)。烈士們?yōu)槭惯@個(gè)國(guó)家能夠生存下去而獻(xiàn)出了自己的生命，我們?cè)诖思瘯?huì)是為了把這個(gè)戰(zhàn)場(chǎng)的一部分奉獻(xiàn)給他們作為最后安息之所。我們這樣做是完全應(yīng)該而且非常恰當(dāng)?shù)摹?BR> 但是，從更廣泛的意義上來說，這塊土地我們不能夠奉獻(xiàn)，我們不能夠圣化，我們不能夠神化。曾經(jīng)在這里戰(zhàn)斗過的勇士們，活著的和去世的，已經(jīng)把這塊土地神圣化了，這遠(yuǎn)不是我們微薄的力量所能增減的。全世界將很少注意到，也不會(huì)長(zhǎng)期地記起我們今天在這里所說的話，但全世界永遠(yuǎn)不會(huì)忘記勇士們?cè)谶@里做過的事。勿寧說，倒是我們這些還活著的人，應(yīng)該在這里把自己奉獻(xiàn)于勇士們已經(jīng)如此崇高地向前推進(jìn)但尚未完成的事業(yè)。倒是我們應(yīng)該在這里把自己奉獻(xiàn)于仍然留在我們面前的偉大任務(wù)，以便使我們從這些光榮的死者身上汲取更多的奉獻(xiàn)精神，來完成他們已經(jīng)完全徹底為之獻(xiàn)身的事業(yè)；以便使我們?cè)谶@里下定的決心，不讓這些死者們白白犧牲；以便使國(guó)家在上帝幅佑下得到自由的新生，并且使這個(gè)民有、民治、民享的政府永世長(zhǎng)存。
英語政治演說文體的一個(gè)基本特征是通俗易懂，不管是學(xué)者、教授，還是平民、文盲一聽就懂。政治演說大都邏輯嚴(yán)密，語言精煉，簡(jiǎn)明扼要，短促有力，有鼓動(dòng)性，有感召力。有的演說使用排比、對(duì)仗等手段，使語言有音樂的節(jié)奏，有藝術(shù)的魅力。在諸多政治演說中，美國(guó)已故總統(tǒng)亞伯拉罕·林肯1863年在葛底斯堡的演說可以算得上是精品中的精品。一百多年來，在美國(guó)，甚至在全世界廣為流傳，真可為傳世佳作。我國(guó)有些學(xué)者早就把這篇演說譯成中文，可是筆者發(fā)現(xiàn)就正式出版的書刊里林肯演說的中譯本大都不能體現(xiàn)原文的語言和文體風(fēng)格。這里筆者把原文和兩個(gè)中譯本抄錄于下。
Lincoln’s Gettysburg Address
(on Nov.19,1863)
Four score and seven years ago, our fathers brought forth upon this continent a new nation, conceived in liberty and dedicated to the proposition that all men are created equal.
Now we are engaged in a great civil war, testing whether that nation, or any nation, so conceived and so dedicated, can long endure.
We are met on a great battle field of the war. We have come to dedicate a portion of the field as the final resting-place of those who here gave their lives that that nation might live.
It is altogether fitting and proper that we should do this.
But , in a larger sense, we cannot dedicate, we cannot consecrate, we cannot hallow, this ground. The brave men, living and dead, who struggled here, have consecrated it, far above our power to add or to detract.The world will little note nor long remember what we say here, but it can never forget what they did here.
It is for us, the living, rather, to be dedicated here, to the unfinished work which they who fought here have thus far so nobly advanced. It is rather for us to be here dedicated to the great task remaining before us: that from these honored dead we take increased devotion to that cause for which they here gave the last full measure of devotion; that we here highly resolve that these dead shall not have died in vain; that the nation shall. under God, have a new birth of freedom, and that government of the people, by the people, for the people, shall not perish from the earth.
美國(guó)總統(tǒng)林肯葛底斯堡演講詞
八十七年前，我們的先輩們?cè)谶@個(gè)大陸上創(chuàng)立了一個(gè)新國(guó)家，它孕育于自由之中，奉行一切人生來平等的原則。
現(xiàn)在我們正從事一場(chǎng)偉大的內(nèi)戰(zhàn)，以考驗(yàn)這個(gè)國(guó)家，或者說以考驗(yàn)任何一個(gè)孕育于自由而奉行上述原則的國(guó)家是否能夠長(zhǎng)久存在下去。
我們?cè)谶@場(chǎng)戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)中的一個(gè)偉大戰(zhàn)場(chǎng)上集會(huì)。烈士們?yōu)槭惯@個(gè)國(guó)家能夠生存下去而獻(xiàn)出了自己的生命，我們?cè)诖思瘯?huì)是為了把這個(gè)戰(zhàn)場(chǎng)的一部分奉獻(xiàn)給他們作為最后安息之所。我們這樣做是完全應(yīng)該而且非常恰當(dāng)?shù)摹?BR> 但是，從更廣泛的意義上來說，這塊土地我們不能夠奉獻(xiàn)，我們不能夠圣化，我們不能夠神化。曾經(jīng)在這里戰(zhàn)斗過的勇士們，活著的和去世的，已經(jīng)把這塊土地神圣化了，這遠(yuǎn)不是我們微薄的力量所能增減的。全世界將很少注意到，也不會(huì)長(zhǎng)期地記起我們今天在這里所說的話，但全世界永遠(yuǎn)不會(huì)忘記勇士們?cè)谶@里做過的事。勿寧說，倒是我們這些還活著的人，應(yīng)該在這里把自己奉獻(xiàn)于勇士們已經(jīng)如此崇高地向前推進(jìn)但尚未完成的事業(yè)。倒是我們應(yīng)該在這里把自己奉獻(xiàn)于仍然留在我們面前的偉大任務(wù)，以便使我們從這些光榮的死者身上汲取更多的奉獻(xiàn)精神，來完成他們已經(jīng)完全徹底為之獻(xiàn)身的事業(yè)；以便使我們?cè)谶@里下定的決心，不讓這些死者們白白犧牲；以便使國(guó)家在上帝幅佑下得到自由的新生，并且使這個(gè)民有、民治、民享的政府永世長(zhǎng)存。