「活動教室」
Passage 3.
Civil Liberties
The term civil liberties refer to the “freedoms that individuals 1） and governments cannot invade”。 These rights include a persons freedom of speech and religion.
Civil rights refer to the “powers and privileges that belong to us by virtue of our status as citizens”。 Examples of civil rights include a persons right to vote and to equal treatment under the law. The terms civil liberties and civil rights are 2） in that they are critical factors in creating a democratic society. Because we are 3） these liberties and rights， we are in turn able to keep this democratic society in existence. Civil liberties and rights 4） in how they need to be protected. Civil liberties need protection from the government. They have to be 5） so that the government cannot invade them and take them away from any individual. Civil rights， on the other hand， need 6） by the government so that they are not infringed upon by others. Civil liberties are basic freedoms granted to 7） in the Bill of Rights. Civil rights are constitutional guarantees， which mean they are granted to individuals with the body of the Constitution in the form of amendments. Many civil rights were granted after the Constitution was written， but civil liberties were included in the Constitution since their 8） in the Bill of Rights in 1791.
答案與解析：
1.
〖答案〗enjoy〖解析〗本詞意思是：享有，享受……的樂趣。接名詞或動名詞作賓語，如：He enjoys many privileges.他享有很多特權。此處缺少一個對“公民自由”一詞進行解釋的動詞，自由是人的重要權力，因此用“享受”“享有”來搭配這種權力是很恰當?shù)摹?BR> 2.
〖答案〗alike〖解析〗本詞意思是：同樣的，相似的，常作表語，如：Friends are generally alike in background and tastes.一般來說朋友的經(jīng)歷和品位都是相像的。在這段中提到了一個概念——公民權利，通過對“公民自由”與“公民權利”這兩個詞的解釋，及后半句中的提示可知，兩詞在創(chuàng)利民主社會方面意義及作用相似，故選用alike.
3.
〖答案〗guaranteed〖解析〗本詞意思是：確保，保證。由句意可推測這是由于公民權利與公民自由的切實保證，才使得我們反過來能夠保證民主社會的存在。guarantee有“提供擔保”，“保證”之意，如：This insurance guarantees you against loss.這種保險保你不受損失。
4.
〖答案〗differ〖解析〗本詞意思是：不一致，不同。從空格后面 “Civil rights， on the other hand，”可判斷在評述兩種概念的保護問題上存在不同之處，因此使用不及物動詞differ，且與in搭配成詞組differ in指“在……方面不同”，如：Customs differ in different countries.各國風俗不同。
5.
〖答案〗secure〖解析〗本詞意思是：安全可靠的，無憂的，確定的，如：Here in this fortress were secure from attack.在這個要塞中，我們沒有受攻擊的危險。根據(jù)句意分析，若想不讓政府侵犯并收回公民的公民權與自由，就必須保證這兩者的安全性，可靠性。
6.
〖答案〗protection解析〖〗本詞意思是：保護。首先可根據(jù)空格前后的單詞判斷出這里缺少一個名詞，再根據(jù)上面剛剛提到的與之比較的關于公民自由的保護的陳述我們可推斷出這里反反復復一直在強調(diào)“保護”，所以使用protect的名詞形式：protection.
7.
〖答案〗 individuals〖解析〗本詞意思是：個人，個體，在此泛指人。全句的意思是：在權利和自由法案中公民自由權是賦予每位公民的最基本的特權。在此為突出強調(diào)每個人都擁有這一權利，我們將one， man等單詞作為非選項考慮。注：Bill of Rights 意為“權利和自由法，（美）美國憲法前十條修正案”。
8.
〖答案〗adoption〖解析〗本詞意思是：采用，采納，如：They are discussing the adoption of the new plan.他們正在討論采用新計劃。很多公民權利都很珍貴且來之不易，在文章的結(jié)尾作者清楚地提到若想真正落實權利，就必須經(jīng)由憲法認可，即只有寫入憲法的權利，公民才能真正享有。本文最后一句正是就諸多的公民自由權在這一層面上的陳述。
Passage 4.
Television： Candy for the Mind
A man once said， “Television is candy for the mind.” He was right. Making an 1） to candy is ideal； either， if taken in 2） can have a negative affect on the human. At one point or another you watched too much TV. And at one point or another you ate too much candy. Maybe it was on Halloween or Christmas……it doesnt matter. The point is that both are a treat if taken in moderation.
The problem is， nowadays， too many kids are watching too much TV， and too many people are eating too much fattening items like candy. Theres more fat people 3） around and more kids believe the stereotypes that the media has provided for the ever stable database of memory in their heads.
When a child is born in a society so motivated by technology and television， what other choice do they have but to watch television？ The babysitters use it as a 4） to make their job easier （though I could not agree more in that case）， parents so they can calm their kids down， and adolescents because they want to watch something or are bored. The problem with the excessive viewing of TV is that it is decreasing the amount of thinking done by people； children especially. This scares me seeing as children are easy targets； vulnerable， impressionable， and naive， they are the ideal targets. Watching mindless shows like Power Rangers and Beavis and Butthead， children are becoming more and more unlikely to really 5） .
Books and complicated plays make people think. Poems make people think. Television， on most occasions， does not. The reason for this is because our society is a lazy one， and a 6） one at that. No one wants to think anymore， so they put mindless crap out there like Teletubbies that they think will entertain small children. I think there should be more decent 7） out there like Alfred Hitchcock only the childrens version of it. Maybe that is the childrens version of the Matrix. But something to make kids think. Anything has got to be better than whats out there now.
答案與解析：
1.〖答案〗analogy〖解析〗本詞意思是：比擬，比較。將電視節(jié)目比做人在精神上獲得糖果正是一種比擬的手法。assimilate與analogy 有相近的意思，但前者是及物動詞，后者是名詞。
2.〖答案〗excess〖解析〗本詞意思是：過度的，如：You have to pay for excess luggage on a plane.在飛機上你得付超重的行李費。前面剛剛贊揚了將電視節(jié)目比做人的精神甜品，但緊接著語氣一轉(zhuǎn)，作者提到在某種情況下就不合時宜了。這里指的是糖吃多了不好，實質(zhì)上是在說電視看多了有副作用。因此我們選擇excess（過分的）來填充此空格。
3.〖答案〗waddling〖解析〗本詞意思是：蹣跚而行，搖搖擺擺地走，如：The ducks waddled across the road.鴨子搖搖擺擺地穿過馬路。本段將吃糖與看電視展開來進行比較，wadding在此為現(xiàn)在分詞，描寫飲食過剩而肥胖的人走路的樣子。
4.〖答案〗means〖解析〗本詞意思是：方法，手段，單復數(shù)同形。如：Wealth is a means to an end， not the end itself.財富是達到目的的手段，而不是目的本身。從空格前、后的內(nèi)容“use it as a……to make……”可知這里需要一個表示“方法”“手段”的名詞。那么我們?yōu)槭裁催x中means，而不是其它詞語，如method， way或mode呢？現(xiàn)在讓我們來看一下這些詞的具體用法：首先來看means，該詞主要指“方法”“手段”，詞義相對單純；method所表示的“方法”指做某事的具體步驟或程序，也可以指抽象概念“條理”，如：To do this， scientists have to devise methods using radar and underwater television.為此，科學家還要設計出使用雷達和水下電視的方法；mode是個正式詞匯，有時可與method互換，多指由傳統(tǒng)或習俗形成的方式方法，或因個人喜好而采用的方式方法，如：This is the authors peculiar mode of expression.這是那位作家所特有的一種表達方式；way相對于其它單詞是個最常用的非正式詞匯，可以用來代替前面提到的任意一個單詞。由于 way常出現(xiàn)在許多固定的詞組中，可見它的使用是非常頻繁的。在不少含有way的詞組中，理論上使用諸如method，mode等詞表達會更準確，但是那樣會破壞詞組的生動性，如： He always has his own way.他總是隨心所欲。這里的way意同mode，因為是在說“個人喜好的方式”；另外do something in this way中的way就是method的意思，但并不用method.與“方法”相關的詞語介紹了這么多，希望大家能夠熟練掌握。
5.〖答案〗think 〖解析〗本詞意思是：想，思考，思索。文章一直都在強調(diào)過多收看電視的害處，特別是對青少年。在空格的前面我們可以看到一些電視節(jié)目名稱，不能確切掌握是什么節(jié)目并不影響理解句意，因為這些節(jié)目前有一個修飾詞mindless（無意義的），由此我們可知看多了這些節(jié)目會讓孩子們習慣于虛幻世界，從而漸漸疏于思考。在選擇意為“思考”“思索”的詞匯時我們還應將一些同義詞拿出來進行比較：think， reflect， reason， speculate 〖答案〗think 〖解析〗（1）think（名詞為thinking或thought）有“思考”、“揣測”、“預料”等很豐富的意思。該詞在表示“思考”時目的是為得出結(jié)論，但在“思考”時所形成的概念未必清晰，所得出的結(jié)論未必正確，如：You can think about it and let me know your decision later.你可以把這事考慮一下，以后再把你的決定告訴我。
（2）reflect（名詞為 reflection）它表示的“思考”是過去發(fā)生過的，或是現(xiàn)在存在的。這個詞一般表示嚴肅認真地、靜悄悄地思考問題，如：Take your time to reflect before doing important things.在做重大的事情之前要從容不迫地思考一下。
（3）reason（名詞為reasoning）它表示的“思考”或“推理”具有邏輯思維的過程，開始于某種假設或前提，經(jīng)過推理而形成概念，如： Mans ability to reason makes him different from the animal.人類的思考力使自己不同于動物。
（4）speculate（名詞為speculation）所表示的“思考”亦有邏輯的意思，但強調(diào)思考中的推測成分，多缺乏可作為依據(jù)的充分資料，其假設和前提仍有可疑之處，如：The philosopher speculated about the future of the human race.這位哲學家考慮過人類的前途。
通過例句，相信大家一定能夠很好地掌握以上提到的有關“思考”的詞匯知識。
6.〖答案〗corrupt〖解析〗本詞意思是：墮落的，不可靠的。段落一開頭作者擺明了能讓人動腦筋思考，即對人有莫大幫助、使人進步的是書籍、詩歌等，進而批評電視在多數(shù)情況下沒有這樣的功能。那么原因何在呢，作者認為正是由于人們貪婪地看電視才使得人們變得懶惰。懶惰的社會不會是進步的社會，故空格處和lazy并列的形容詞應為一個能夠進一步描述懶惰社會惡劣情況的詞，這里使用corrupt很貼切，也很形象。
7.〖答案〗stuff〖解析〗本詞意思是：材料，原料。此處作者表達的意思是希望電視節(jié)目的內(nèi)容更適合少年兒童觀看，讓更有教育意義的節(jié)目幫助并伴隨孩子的成長。這里stuff一詞指代電視節(jié)目。使用這個詞“原料”“材料”是因為它可以指代豐富的內(nèi)容，如具體的電視節(jié)目、電視人物甚至廣告等。
美文賞析
Education
From primary school to college， students， teachers， parents all are struggling for high scores. This is because the current education system is not aimed at students quality， but only at developing their ability to perform well on the test. As a result， many students， even those with high scores， often do poorly when it comes to the practical application of the knowledge and theory they have learned.
Therefore， China is challenging examinationoriented education by advocating qualityoriented education. The alternative will focus on the students ability and quality as a whole. And the exam results will no longer play a key role in evaluating the academic achievements a student gains in school.
Personally， I firmly believe in the magic force of the new education policy， and eagerly look forward to enjoying the great benefits the program will bring about. It seems that I have seen in my minds eye the more colorful life， the looser environment， yet to speak， will not be making a “robot” or a “computer” out of the students， but bringing up a new generation that are masters of the robot and the computer themselves.
本文從中國教育的現(xiàn)狀說起，提出問題，即應試教育忽視了學生素質(zhì)的培養(yǎng)；第二段使用therefore推展話題，承上啟下，說明目前的教育體制正面臨著挑戰(zhàn)；最后一段用personally引出自己的觀點，指出要提倡素質(zhì)教育，其中連續(xù)運用the more …… the more句型，使觀點表達有力。
Passage 3.
Civil Liberties
The term civil liberties refer to the “freedoms that individuals 1） and governments cannot invade”。 These rights include a persons freedom of speech and religion.
Civil rights refer to the “powers and privileges that belong to us by virtue of our status as citizens”。 Examples of civil rights include a persons right to vote and to equal treatment under the law. The terms civil liberties and civil rights are 2） in that they are critical factors in creating a democratic society. Because we are 3） these liberties and rights， we are in turn able to keep this democratic society in existence. Civil liberties and rights 4） in how they need to be protected. Civil liberties need protection from the government. They have to be 5） so that the government cannot invade them and take them away from any individual. Civil rights， on the other hand， need 6） by the government so that they are not infringed upon by others. Civil liberties are basic freedoms granted to 7） in the Bill of Rights. Civil rights are constitutional guarantees， which mean they are granted to individuals with the body of the Constitution in the form of amendments. Many civil rights were granted after the Constitution was written， but civil liberties were included in the Constitution since their 8） in the Bill of Rights in 1791.
答案與解析：
1.
〖答案〗enjoy〖解析〗本詞意思是：享有，享受……的樂趣。接名詞或動名詞作賓語，如：He enjoys many privileges.他享有很多特權。此處缺少一個對“公民自由”一詞進行解釋的動詞，自由是人的重要權力，因此用“享受”“享有”來搭配這種權力是很恰當?shù)摹?BR> 2.
〖答案〗alike〖解析〗本詞意思是：同樣的，相似的，常作表語，如：Friends are generally alike in background and tastes.一般來說朋友的經(jīng)歷和品位都是相像的。在這段中提到了一個概念——公民權利，通過對“公民自由”與“公民權利”這兩個詞的解釋，及后半句中的提示可知，兩詞在創(chuàng)利民主社會方面意義及作用相似，故選用alike.
3.
〖答案〗guaranteed〖解析〗本詞意思是：確保，保證。由句意可推測這是由于公民權利與公民自由的切實保證，才使得我們反過來能夠保證民主社會的存在。guarantee有“提供擔保”，“保證”之意，如：This insurance guarantees you against loss.這種保險保你不受損失。
4.
〖答案〗differ〖解析〗本詞意思是：不一致，不同。從空格后面 “Civil rights， on the other hand，”可判斷在評述兩種概念的保護問題上存在不同之處，因此使用不及物動詞differ，且與in搭配成詞組differ in指“在……方面不同”，如：Customs differ in different countries.各國風俗不同。
5.
〖答案〗secure〖解析〗本詞意思是：安全可靠的，無憂的，確定的，如：Here in this fortress were secure from attack.在這個要塞中，我們沒有受攻擊的危險。根據(jù)句意分析，若想不讓政府侵犯并收回公民的公民權與自由，就必須保證這兩者的安全性，可靠性。
6.
〖答案〗protection解析〖〗本詞意思是：保護。首先可根據(jù)空格前后的單詞判斷出這里缺少一個名詞，再根據(jù)上面剛剛提到的與之比較的關于公民自由的保護的陳述我們可推斷出這里反反復復一直在強調(diào)“保護”，所以使用protect的名詞形式：protection.
7.
〖答案〗 individuals〖解析〗本詞意思是：個人，個體，在此泛指人。全句的意思是：在權利和自由法案中公民自由權是賦予每位公民的最基本的特權。在此為突出強調(diào)每個人都擁有這一權利，我們將one， man等單詞作為非選項考慮。注：Bill of Rights 意為“權利和自由法，（美）美國憲法前十條修正案”。
8.
〖答案〗adoption〖解析〗本詞意思是：采用，采納，如：They are discussing the adoption of the new plan.他們正在討論采用新計劃。很多公民權利都很珍貴且來之不易，在文章的結(jié)尾作者清楚地提到若想真正落實權利，就必須經(jīng)由憲法認可，即只有寫入憲法的權利，公民才能真正享有。本文最后一句正是就諸多的公民自由權在這一層面上的陳述。
Passage 4.
Television： Candy for the Mind
A man once said， “Television is candy for the mind.” He was right. Making an 1） to candy is ideal； either， if taken in 2） can have a negative affect on the human. At one point or another you watched too much TV. And at one point or another you ate too much candy. Maybe it was on Halloween or Christmas……it doesnt matter. The point is that both are a treat if taken in moderation.
The problem is， nowadays， too many kids are watching too much TV， and too many people are eating too much fattening items like candy. Theres more fat people 3） around and more kids believe the stereotypes that the media has provided for the ever stable database of memory in their heads.
When a child is born in a society so motivated by technology and television， what other choice do they have but to watch television？ The babysitters use it as a 4） to make their job easier （though I could not agree more in that case）， parents so they can calm their kids down， and adolescents because they want to watch something or are bored. The problem with the excessive viewing of TV is that it is decreasing the amount of thinking done by people； children especially. This scares me seeing as children are easy targets； vulnerable， impressionable， and naive， they are the ideal targets. Watching mindless shows like Power Rangers and Beavis and Butthead， children are becoming more and more unlikely to really 5） .
Books and complicated plays make people think. Poems make people think. Television， on most occasions， does not. The reason for this is because our society is a lazy one， and a 6） one at that. No one wants to think anymore， so they put mindless crap out there like Teletubbies that they think will entertain small children. I think there should be more decent 7） out there like Alfred Hitchcock only the childrens version of it. Maybe that is the childrens version of the Matrix. But something to make kids think. Anything has got to be better than whats out there now.
答案與解析：
1.〖答案〗analogy〖解析〗本詞意思是：比擬，比較。將電視節(jié)目比做人在精神上獲得糖果正是一種比擬的手法。assimilate與analogy 有相近的意思，但前者是及物動詞，后者是名詞。
2.〖答案〗excess〖解析〗本詞意思是：過度的，如：You have to pay for excess luggage on a plane.在飛機上你得付超重的行李費。前面剛剛贊揚了將電視節(jié)目比做人的精神甜品，但緊接著語氣一轉(zhuǎn)，作者提到在某種情況下就不合時宜了。這里指的是糖吃多了不好，實質(zhì)上是在說電視看多了有副作用。因此我們選擇excess（過分的）來填充此空格。
3.〖答案〗waddling〖解析〗本詞意思是：蹣跚而行，搖搖擺擺地走，如：The ducks waddled across the road.鴨子搖搖擺擺地穿過馬路。本段將吃糖與看電視展開來進行比較，wadding在此為現(xiàn)在分詞，描寫飲食過剩而肥胖的人走路的樣子。
4.〖答案〗means〖解析〗本詞意思是：方法，手段，單復數(shù)同形。如：Wealth is a means to an end， not the end itself.財富是達到目的的手段，而不是目的本身。從空格前、后的內(nèi)容“use it as a……to make……”可知這里需要一個表示“方法”“手段”的名詞。那么我們?yōu)槭裁催x中means，而不是其它詞語，如method， way或mode呢？現(xiàn)在讓我們來看一下這些詞的具體用法：首先來看means，該詞主要指“方法”“手段”，詞義相對單純；method所表示的“方法”指做某事的具體步驟或程序，也可以指抽象概念“條理”，如：To do this， scientists have to devise methods using radar and underwater television.為此，科學家還要設計出使用雷達和水下電視的方法；mode是個正式詞匯，有時可與method互換，多指由傳統(tǒng)或習俗形成的方式方法，或因個人喜好而采用的方式方法，如：This is the authors peculiar mode of expression.這是那位作家所特有的一種表達方式；way相對于其它單詞是個最常用的非正式詞匯，可以用來代替前面提到的任意一個單詞。由于 way常出現(xiàn)在許多固定的詞組中，可見它的使用是非常頻繁的。在不少含有way的詞組中，理論上使用諸如method，mode等詞表達會更準確，但是那樣會破壞詞組的生動性，如： He always has his own way.他總是隨心所欲。這里的way意同mode，因為是在說“個人喜好的方式”；另外do something in this way中的way就是method的意思，但并不用method.與“方法”相關的詞語介紹了這么多，希望大家能夠熟練掌握。
5.〖答案〗think 〖解析〗本詞意思是：想，思考，思索。文章一直都在強調(diào)過多收看電視的害處，特別是對青少年。在空格的前面我們可以看到一些電視節(jié)目名稱，不能確切掌握是什么節(jié)目并不影響理解句意，因為這些節(jié)目前有一個修飾詞mindless（無意義的），由此我們可知看多了這些節(jié)目會讓孩子們習慣于虛幻世界，從而漸漸疏于思考。在選擇意為“思考”“思索”的詞匯時我們還應將一些同義詞拿出來進行比較：think， reflect， reason， speculate 〖答案〗think 〖解析〗（1）think（名詞為thinking或thought）有“思考”、“揣測”、“預料”等很豐富的意思。該詞在表示“思考”時目的是為得出結(jié)論，但在“思考”時所形成的概念未必清晰，所得出的結(jié)論未必正確，如：You can think about it and let me know your decision later.你可以把這事考慮一下，以后再把你的決定告訴我。
（2）reflect（名詞為 reflection）它表示的“思考”是過去發(fā)生過的，或是現(xiàn)在存在的。這個詞一般表示嚴肅認真地、靜悄悄地思考問題，如：Take your time to reflect before doing important things.在做重大的事情之前要從容不迫地思考一下。
（3）reason（名詞為reasoning）它表示的“思考”或“推理”具有邏輯思維的過程，開始于某種假設或前提，經(jīng)過推理而形成概念，如： Mans ability to reason makes him different from the animal.人類的思考力使自己不同于動物。
（4）speculate（名詞為speculation）所表示的“思考”亦有邏輯的意思，但強調(diào)思考中的推測成分，多缺乏可作為依據(jù)的充分資料，其假設和前提仍有可疑之處，如：The philosopher speculated about the future of the human race.這位哲學家考慮過人類的前途。
通過例句，相信大家一定能夠很好地掌握以上提到的有關“思考”的詞匯知識。
6.〖答案〗corrupt〖解析〗本詞意思是：墮落的，不可靠的。段落一開頭作者擺明了能讓人動腦筋思考，即對人有莫大幫助、使人進步的是書籍、詩歌等，進而批評電視在多數(shù)情況下沒有這樣的功能。那么原因何在呢，作者認為正是由于人們貪婪地看電視才使得人們變得懶惰。懶惰的社會不會是進步的社會，故空格處和lazy并列的形容詞應為一個能夠進一步描述懶惰社會惡劣情況的詞，這里使用corrupt很貼切，也很形象。
7.〖答案〗stuff〖解析〗本詞意思是：材料，原料。此處作者表達的意思是希望電視節(jié)目的內(nèi)容更適合少年兒童觀看，讓更有教育意義的節(jié)目幫助并伴隨孩子的成長。這里stuff一詞指代電視節(jié)目。使用這個詞“原料”“材料”是因為它可以指代豐富的內(nèi)容，如具體的電視節(jié)目、電視人物甚至廣告等。
美文賞析
Education
From primary school to college， students， teachers， parents all are struggling for high scores. This is because the current education system is not aimed at students quality， but only at developing their ability to perform well on the test. As a result， many students， even those with high scores， often do poorly when it comes to the practical application of the knowledge and theory they have learned.
Therefore， China is challenging examinationoriented education by advocating qualityoriented education. The alternative will focus on the students ability and quality as a whole. And the exam results will no longer play a key role in evaluating the academic achievements a student gains in school.
Personally， I firmly believe in the magic force of the new education policy， and eagerly look forward to enjoying the great benefits the program will bring about. It seems that I have seen in my minds eye the more colorful life， the looser environment， yet to speak， will not be making a “robot” or a “computer” out of the students， but bringing up a new generation that are masters of the robot and the computer themselves.
本文從中國教育的現(xiàn)狀說起，提出問題，即應試教育忽視了學生素質(zhì)的培養(yǎng)；第二段使用therefore推展話題，承上啟下，說明目前的教育體制正面臨著挑戰(zhàn)；最后一段用personally引出自己的觀點，指出要提倡素質(zhì)教育，其中連續(xù)運用the more …… the more句型，使觀點表達有力。