3. 關(guān)系代詞考點(diǎn)
「復(fù)習(xí)題典」☆When broken down by the liver, Ltheanine becomes an antigen called ethylamine,(1)primes the response of gammadelta T cells against a variety of bacterial, viral, fungal and parasitic(2), and possibly tumors. Ethylamine is also found in other plantbased foods, such as apples, mushrooms and wine.
(1) [A]which [B]that [C]who [D]where
(2) [A]diseases [B]infections [C]illnesses [D]deficiencies
☆Questions about animal care arose with the explosive growth in largescale livestock farms,(3)spurred customers to complain about animals being treated as “factory parts.” That spurred ARS and the livestock industry to take a proactive approach to addressing animal(4)issues, making sure that guidelines are based on facts determined through scientific research. The goal is to share research findings with the retail food industry and others so that the livestock industry can improve its voluntary guidelines.
(3) [A]who [B]what [C]which [D]how
(4) [A]health [B]life [C]wealth [D]welfare
☆A(yù) realistic goal in one culture may not be so in another. One way to get at (觸及,抓住,接近,著手處理) what might be realistic is to analyze(5)psychologists call the “l(fā)ocus of control.” People in some cultures tend to believe in “(6)control” over destiny—that is, that people can control events themselves. People in other cultures believe in “external control” over destiny—that is, events are(7)and uncontrollable.
(5) [A]how [B]why [C]when [D]what
(6) [A]individual [B]inward [C]internal [D]inner
(7) [A]unprecedented[B]unexpected [C]preoccupied [D]predetermined
☆Unfortunately, it‘s this kind of defeatist mentality(8)keeps people from enhancing their lives through proper diet and exercise. Here is the salient point, though: The health and fitness benefits you’ll derive from(9)the necessary work are worth whatever sacrifices you must make(10)the way.
(8) [A]that [B]which[C]what [D]who
(9) [A]setting in [B]putting in [C]getting in [D]cutting in
(10) [A]along [B]by [C]on [D]in
本小節(jié)答案精解
(1)[答案][A]which
[考點(diǎn)]關(guān)系代詞或副詞辨析,根據(jù)句子關(guān)系選擇合適的代詞或副詞。
[解析]根據(jù)句子結(jié)構(gòu)分析,此處是非限制性定語從句,修飾ethylamine,因此只能選which,正確答案為[A]。
(2) [答案][B]infections
[考點(diǎn)]名詞辨析,根據(jù)上下文選擇合適的名詞。
[解析]disease意思是“疾病”,infection意思是“傳染病”,illness也是“疾病”,deficiency意思是“缺乏,不足”。disease和illness是同義詞,同時(shí)排除,deficiency也不合適,所以選[B]。
(3)[答案][C]which
[考點(diǎn)]根據(jù)句子結(jié)構(gòu)選擇關(guān)系代詞或副詞。
[解析]解這道題時(shí),首先要理清句子結(jié)構(gòu)。逗號后面的句子應(yīng)為非限制性定語從句,修飾前面整句話,待選詞應(yīng)為引導(dǎo)定語從句的關(guān)系代詞,據(jù)此可排除what和how,又因?yàn)檫@個(gè)定語從句修飾的不是人,who也被排除。正確答案只能為[C]。
(4)[答案][D]welfare
[考點(diǎn)]名詞辨析,根據(jù)上下文選擇合適的名詞。
[解析]health是“健康”,life是“生命,生存”,wealth是“財(cái)富”,welfare是“福利”。從上文可以看出,本文討論的是針對動(dòng)物的福利提出的一些飼養(yǎng)動(dòng)物的規(guī)定,因此[D]是正確答案。
(5)[答案][D] what
[考點(diǎn)]關(guān)系代詞與副詞辨析。
[解析]analyze是及物動(dòng)詞,因此可以判斷analyze后面是一個(gè)賓語從句,四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中只有 what能夠引導(dǎo)賓語從句,所以答案是[D]。
(6)[答案][C] internal
[考點(diǎn)]形容詞辨析,根據(jù)對應(yīng)關(guān)系選擇合適的形容詞。
[解析]individual是“個(gè)人的,個(gè)別的”,inward是“內(nèi)部的,體內(nèi)的,內(nèi)心的,向里邊的”,internal是“內(nèi)在的,本性的,主觀的,個(gè)人的”,inner是“內(nèi)部的,內(nèi)心的,精神的,心靈的”。如果只看詞義,似乎比較難選擇,但我們只要看看下一句話,問題就迎刃而解了。這兩句話說的是不同文化的人們不同的信仰,無論從句子結(jié)構(gòu),還是用詞,這兩句話都對得很工整,因此我們靠對應(yīng)關(guān)系就能確定答案,和external相反的是internal,因此選擇[C]。
(7)[答案] [D] predetermined
[考點(diǎn)]形容詞辨析,根據(jù)并列結(jié)構(gòu)選擇合適的形容詞。
[解析]unprecedented是“無前例的,的”,unexpected是“意外的,突如其來的”, preoccupied是“全神貫注的,入神的”,predetermined是“預(yù)先決定的,預(yù)先確定的”。需要填的內(nèi)容和后面的uncontrollable應(yīng)該是并列的,從這個(gè)角度考慮,[D]是選項(xiàng),意思是人們相信事情是預(yù)先決定的,人們無法控制。
(8)[答案][A]that
[考點(diǎn)]關(guān)系代詞辨析。
[解析]這是一個(gè)強(qiáng)調(diào)句,被強(qiáng)調(diào)的主語是defeatist mentality,所以只能選[A]。
(9)[答案][B]putting in
[考點(diǎn)]動(dòng)詞短語辨析,動(dòng)詞短語與名詞的搭配。
[解析]set in意思是“開始”,put in意思是“花費(fèi),付出(時(shí)間、精力等)”,get in意思是“加入,收割”,cut in意思是“插嘴”。后面的名詞是necessary work,合適的搭配選項(xiàng)應(yīng)是put in,正確答案為[B]。
(10)[答案][A]along
[考點(diǎn)]介詞(短語)辨析。
[解析]along the way表示“在這一過程中”,by the way意思為“在途中,附帶說說”,on the way意思是“來到,接近,在進(jìn)行中”,in the way為“擋道的,妨礙人的”之意。根據(jù)句子意思,正確答案是[A]。本句意思是:很遺憾,正是這種失敗主義者的心理使人們不想通過合理的飲食和體育鍛煉來提高生活質(zhì)量。合理飲食和體育鍛煉換來的身體健康值得堅(jiān)持過程中所做的任何犧牲
「復(fù)習(xí)題典」☆When broken down by the liver, Ltheanine becomes an antigen called ethylamine,(1)primes the response of gammadelta T cells against a variety of bacterial, viral, fungal and parasitic(2), and possibly tumors. Ethylamine is also found in other plantbased foods, such as apples, mushrooms and wine.
(1) [A]which [B]that [C]who [D]where
(2) [A]diseases [B]infections [C]illnesses [D]deficiencies
☆Questions about animal care arose with the explosive growth in largescale livestock farms,(3)spurred customers to complain about animals being treated as “factory parts.” That spurred ARS and the livestock industry to take a proactive approach to addressing animal(4)issues, making sure that guidelines are based on facts determined through scientific research. The goal is to share research findings with the retail food industry and others so that the livestock industry can improve its voluntary guidelines.
(3) [A]who [B]what [C]which [D]how
(4) [A]health [B]life [C]wealth [D]welfare
☆A(yù) realistic goal in one culture may not be so in another. One way to get at (觸及,抓住,接近,著手處理) what might be realistic is to analyze(5)psychologists call the “l(fā)ocus of control.” People in some cultures tend to believe in “(6)control” over destiny—that is, that people can control events themselves. People in other cultures believe in “external control” over destiny—that is, events are(7)and uncontrollable.
(5) [A]how [B]why [C]when [D]what
(6) [A]individual [B]inward [C]internal [D]inner
(7) [A]unprecedented[B]unexpected [C]preoccupied [D]predetermined
☆Unfortunately, it‘s this kind of defeatist mentality(8)keeps people from enhancing their lives through proper diet and exercise. Here is the salient point, though: The health and fitness benefits you’ll derive from(9)the necessary work are worth whatever sacrifices you must make(10)the way.
(8) [A]that [B]which[C]what [D]who
(9) [A]setting in [B]putting in [C]getting in [D]cutting in
(10) [A]along [B]by [C]on [D]in
本小節(jié)答案精解
(1)[答案][A]which
[考點(diǎn)]關(guān)系代詞或副詞辨析,根據(jù)句子關(guān)系選擇合適的代詞或副詞。
[解析]根據(jù)句子結(jié)構(gòu)分析,此處是非限制性定語從句,修飾ethylamine,因此只能選which,正確答案為[A]。
(2) [答案][B]infections
[考點(diǎn)]名詞辨析,根據(jù)上下文選擇合適的名詞。
[解析]disease意思是“疾病”,infection意思是“傳染病”,illness也是“疾病”,deficiency意思是“缺乏,不足”。disease和illness是同義詞,同時(shí)排除,deficiency也不合適,所以選[B]。
(3)[答案][C]which
[考點(diǎn)]根據(jù)句子結(jié)構(gòu)選擇關(guān)系代詞或副詞。
[解析]解這道題時(shí),首先要理清句子結(jié)構(gòu)。逗號后面的句子應(yīng)為非限制性定語從句,修飾前面整句話,待選詞應(yīng)為引導(dǎo)定語從句的關(guān)系代詞,據(jù)此可排除what和how,又因?yàn)檫@個(gè)定語從句修飾的不是人,who也被排除。正確答案只能為[C]。
(4)[答案][D]welfare
[考點(diǎn)]名詞辨析,根據(jù)上下文選擇合適的名詞。
[解析]health是“健康”,life是“生命,生存”,wealth是“財(cái)富”,welfare是“福利”。從上文可以看出,本文討論的是針對動(dòng)物的福利提出的一些飼養(yǎng)動(dòng)物的規(guī)定,因此[D]是正確答案。
(5)[答案][D] what
[考點(diǎn)]關(guān)系代詞與副詞辨析。
[解析]analyze是及物動(dòng)詞,因此可以判斷analyze后面是一個(gè)賓語從句,四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中只有 what能夠引導(dǎo)賓語從句,所以答案是[D]。
(6)[答案][C] internal
[考點(diǎn)]形容詞辨析,根據(jù)對應(yīng)關(guān)系選擇合適的形容詞。
[解析]individual是“個(gè)人的,個(gè)別的”,inward是“內(nèi)部的,體內(nèi)的,內(nèi)心的,向里邊的”,internal是“內(nèi)在的,本性的,主觀的,個(gè)人的”,inner是“內(nèi)部的,內(nèi)心的,精神的,心靈的”。如果只看詞義,似乎比較難選擇,但我們只要看看下一句話,問題就迎刃而解了。這兩句話說的是不同文化的人們不同的信仰,無論從句子結(jié)構(gòu),還是用詞,這兩句話都對得很工整,因此我們靠對應(yīng)關(guān)系就能確定答案,和external相反的是internal,因此選擇[C]。
(7)[答案] [D] predetermined
[考點(diǎn)]形容詞辨析,根據(jù)并列結(jié)構(gòu)選擇合適的形容詞。
[解析]unprecedented是“無前例的,的”,unexpected是“意外的,突如其來的”, preoccupied是“全神貫注的,入神的”,predetermined是“預(yù)先決定的,預(yù)先確定的”。需要填的內(nèi)容和后面的uncontrollable應(yīng)該是并列的,從這個(gè)角度考慮,[D]是選項(xiàng),意思是人們相信事情是預(yù)先決定的,人們無法控制。
(8)[答案][A]that
[考點(diǎn)]關(guān)系代詞辨析。
[解析]這是一個(gè)強(qiáng)調(diào)句,被強(qiáng)調(diào)的主語是defeatist mentality,所以只能選[A]。
(9)[答案][B]putting in
[考點(diǎn)]動(dòng)詞短語辨析,動(dòng)詞短語與名詞的搭配。
[解析]set in意思是“開始”,put in意思是“花費(fèi),付出(時(shí)間、精力等)”,get in意思是“加入,收割”,cut in意思是“插嘴”。后面的名詞是necessary work,合適的搭配選項(xiàng)應(yīng)是put in,正確答案為[B]。
(10)[答案][A]along
[考點(diǎn)]介詞(短語)辨析。
[解析]along the way表示“在這一過程中”,by the way意思為“在途中,附帶說說”,on the way意思是“來到,接近,在進(jìn)行中”,in the way為“擋道的,妨礙人的”之意。根據(jù)句子意思,正確答案是[A]。本句意思是:很遺憾,正是這種失敗主義者的心理使人們不想通過合理的飲食和體育鍛煉來提高生活質(zhì)量。合理飲食和體育鍛煉換來的身體健康值得堅(jiān)持過程中所做的任何犧牲