一、真題文章（1997年Text 4）
No company likes to be told it is contributing to the moral decline of a nation. "Is this what you intended to accomplish with your careers？" Senator Robert Dole asked Time Warner executives last week. "You have sold your souls， but must you corrupt our nation and threaten our children as well？" At Time Warner， however， such questions are simply the latest manifestation of the soul——searching that has involved the company ever since the company was born in 1990. It's a self-examination that has， at various times， involved issues of responsibility， creative freedom and the corporate bottom line.
At the core of this debate is chairman Gerald Levin， 56， who took over for the late Steve Ross in 1992. On the financial front， Levin is under pressure to raise the stock price and reduce the company's mountainous debt， which will increase to $17.3 billion after two new cable deals close. He has promised to sell off some of the property and restructure the company， but investors are waiting impatiently.
The flap over rap is not making life any easier for him. Levin has consistently defended the company's rap music on the grounds of expression. In 1992， when Time Warner was under fire for releasing Ice- T's violent rap song Cop Killer， Levin described rap as a lawful expression of street culture， which deserves an outlet. "The test of any democratic society，" he wrote in a Wall Street Journal column， "lies not in how well it can control expression but in whether it gives freedom of thought and expression the widest possible latitude， however disputable or irritating the results may sometimes be. We won't retreat in the face of any threats."
Levin would not comment on the debate last week， but there were signs that the chairman was backing off his hard-line stand， at least to some extent. During the discussion of rock singing verses at last month's stockholders' meeting， Levin asserted that "music is not the cause of society's ills" and even cited his son， a teacher in the Bronx， New York， who uses rap to communicate with students. But he talked as well about the "balanced struggle" between creative freedom and social responsibility， and he announced that the company would launch a drive to develop standards for distribution and labeling of potentially objectionable music.
The 15 member Time Warner board is generally supportive of Levin and his corporate strategy. But insiders say several of them have shown their concerns in this matter. "Some of us have known for many， many years that the freedoms under the First Amendment are not totally unlimited，" says Luce. "I think it is perhaps the case that some people associated with the company have only recently come to realize this."
二、譯文
沒有一家公司樂意聽到別人說自己引起了社會道德敗壞。上周，參議員羅伯特。多爾質問時代華納公司高級人員時說："這就是你們要成就的事業(yè)嗎？你們已經出賣了自己的靈魂，難道你們還非要腐化我們的國家，威脅我們的孩子嗎？"對成立于1990年的時代華納公司來說，多爾所質疑的問題只不過是公司自創(chuàng)立以來一直所進行的自我反省的最新表述，在公司發(fā)展的不同階段，這一自我反省設計（社會）責任、創(chuàng)作自由、公司所能做的一切。
處于這場爭論中心位置的是公司主席，56歲的杰拉德。萊文，他于1992年從已故主席史蒂夫。羅斯手中接過這個重任。在財政問題上，萊文的壓力很大，他必須提高公司的股價，并減少公司的巨額債務，而這一債務在購買兩條電纜的交易完成之后將達到一百七十三億美元。他準備出售公司的一些產業(yè)，并對公司進行重組，但是投資者已經等得不耐煩了。
喚起人們對說唱音樂的注意并沒有使他的日子變得好過些。萊文一向以它是一種富于表現(xiàn)力的演唱方式為理由來捍衛(wèi)公司的說唱音樂。1992年時代華納公司因出品Ice-T樂隊狂暴的說唱歌曲《警察殺手》而備受譴責，那時，萊文說這是街頭文化的合法表達方式，它應該有自己的宣泄途徑。在《華爾街日報》一篇專欄文章中，萊文寫到："對任何一個民主社會的檢驗不是看它能夠多好地控制各種感情的表達，而在于它是否給予了人們思考和表達的最廣泛的自由，不管這種結果有時可能會引起多大的爭論和憤怒。我們不會在任何威脅面前退卻。"
萊文不愿對上周進行的這次爭論發(fā)表評論，但是種種跡象顯示這位主席的強硬立場有所減弱，至少是在某種程度上的減弱。在上周股東會議討論搖滾音樂內容時，萊文強調說："音樂并不是社會弊端的根源"，他甚至還舉了兒子的例子，他的兒子是紐約布郎克斯的一名教師，曾用說唱樂的形式和學生進行交流。但是在會議上，他也談到了要在"創(chuàng)作自由"和"社會責任"之間努力保持平衡，他還宣布華納公司將開始制定標準，對可能引起非議的音樂予以標記，并對起發(fā)行進行控制。
總的來說，時代華納公司的15位董事是支持萊文和公司的經營策略的。但內部人士透露其中幾位對此事表示擔憂。"我們中的一些人多年來就知道憲法第一修正案所說的自由并非毫無限制，" 路斯說，"我想公司里有些人可能最近才剛開始明白這一點".
三、考研核心詞匯
contribute / kEn5tribju：t /v. 1捐助， 捐獻， 貢獻2投稿
[例] Everyone should contribute his share .
每個人都應貢獻出一份力量。
[同義] donate， give ，participate， provide
[派生] contribution / 7kCntri5bju：FEn / n. 捐獻， 貢獻， 投稿
contributive / kEn5tribjutiv / adj. 貢獻的， 出資的， 有助的
decline / di5klain / vi. 下傾， 下降， 下垂 v. 拒絕， 衰落 n. 下傾， 下降， 下垂， 斜面， 斜坡， 衰敗， 衰落
[例] They wish that prices would decline.
他們希望物價能下降。
[同義] descent， fail， fall ，refuse， reject，
[反義] accept / Ek5sept / vt. 接受， 認可， 承擔， 承兌 vi. 同意， 承認
[派生] declinatory / di5klainEtEri / adj. 謝絕的， 婉謝的
accomplish / E5kCmpliF / vt. 完成， 達到， 實現(xiàn)
[例] You should accomplish the task within the allotted time.
你們必須在規(guī)定時間內完成這項任務。
[同義] achieve， carry out ，complete ，do， finish， fulfill
[派生] accomplishment / E5kCmpliFmEnt / n. 成就， 完成， 技藝
career / kE5riE / n. 1 （原意：道路， 軌道）事業(yè)， 生涯2速度
[例] My grandfather was a career teacher； it's the only job he'd ever done.
我祖父教了一輩子書，教書是他所干過的的工作。
[同義] calling ，occupation， profession， trade， vocation
senator / 5senEtE / n. 參議員， （大學的）評議員， （古羅馬的）元老院議員
[例] And a Senator must have been a citizen of the United States for nine years at the time of his election.
而且，參議員在參加選舉時必須是在美國居住了九年的美國公民。
[派生] senatorial / senE5tC：riEl / adj. 參議院的， 參議員的
corrupt / kE5rQpt / adj. 1 腐敗的， 貪污的， 被破壞的， 混濁的2（語法）誤用的
vt. 使腐爛， 腐蝕， 使惡化 vi. 腐爛， 墮落
[例] a corrupt mayor 受賄的市長
[同義] crooked，dishonest， evil ， rotten， shady， wicked
[派生] corruption / kE5rQpFEn / n. 腐敗， 貪污， 墮落
corruptive / kE5rQptiv / adj. 使墮落的， 使腐敗的， 腐敗性的
threaten / 5Wretn / vt. 恐嚇， 威脅， 預示（危險）， 似有發(fā)生或來臨的可能， 可能來臨
[例] a crack that threatened to become a split 一條有裂開危險的縫
[同義] admonish， advise， alert， caution
[派生] threatening / `WretEnIN / adj. 脅迫的， 危險的
manifestation / 7mAnifes5teiFEn / n. 1顯示， 表現(xiàn)2*運動
[例] Fever is one manifestation of cold. 發(fā)燒是感冒的一種表現(xiàn)形式。
[派生] manifest / 5mAnifest / n. 載貨單， 旅客名單 adj. 顯然的， 明白的 vi. 出現(xiàn) vt. 表明， 證明
core / kC： / n.1果核2中心， 核心
[例] the hard elastic core of a baseball 棒球的彈性硬心
financial / fai5nAnFEl， 7fi- / adj. 財政的， 金融的
[例] a financial adviser 財政顧問；
[派生] finance / fai5nAns， fi- / n. 財政， 金融， 財政學 vt. 供給……經費，
負擔， 經費 vi. 籌措資金
stock / stCk / n.1 樹干2庫存3股票， 股份4托盤
adj.1 股票的2普通的， 常備的3存貨的
vt. 1裝把手于2進貨3備有
vi.1 出新芽2采購
[例] The New York stock exchange crashed in 1929.
紐約股票交易所于一九二九年大崩潰。
[同義] accumulate，amass ，collect ，gather， hoard ，keep ，stockpile
reduce / ri5dju：s / vt. 1減少， 縮小2簡化， 還原
[例] They've reduced the prices in the shop， so it's a good time to buy.
商店已經降低了商品的價格，看來現(xiàn)在是買東西的好時候。
[同義] cut， decrease， diminish， lessen ，lower， moderate
[反義] increase [ in5kri：s ] n. 增加， 增大， 增長 vt. 增加， 加大
vi. 增加， 繁殖
[派生] reduction / ri5dQkFEn / n. 1減少， 縮影， 變形， 縮減量2約簡
debt / det / n. 債務， 罪過
[例] If I pay all my debts I shall have no money left.
如果我償清了所有的債，我就一分錢不剩了。
[同義] obligation
cable / 5keibl / n. 電纜， 纜， 索 v. 打（海底）電報
[例] We have already advised you by cable.
我們已去電通知你方。
[同義] cord， rope， telegraph， wire
deal / di：l / n. 1交易， （政治上的）密約2 待遇3份量
vi. 1處理， 應付2做生意
vt. 1分配， 分給（out）；發(fā)牌
[例] I've dealt with this shop for 20 years.
我同這家商店做生意已經有20年了。
[同義] act， agreement， allot， bargain ，behave ，compact ，give ，grant
[固定搭配] a great deal 許多；make a deal with 與……做成一筆交易； 與……達成協(xié)議；deal with應付， 對付； 處理
restructure / ri5strQktFE / vt. 更改結構， 重建構造， 調整， 改組
[例] serious efforts to restructure third world debt
重組第三世界債務的真誠努力
impatiently / im5peiFEntli / adv. 無耐性地
[例] He asked the same question for many times， so his mother answered him impatiently this time .
同一個問題他問了很多遍，所以這次他母親不耐煩的回答了他。
[反義] patiently /5peIFEntlI/ adv. 有耐性地， 有毅力地
[派生] impatient / im5peiFEnt / adj. 不耐煩的， 急躁的， 不耐心的
impatience / im5peiFEns / n. 急躁
flap / flAp / n.1 拍打； 拍打聲2 副翼
v. 1拍打2鼓翼而飛3 扔， 擲
[例] The birds flapped its wings. 小鳥拍動雙翼。
rap / rAp / n. 1叩擊， 輕拍， 輕敲2斥責
vt. 1敲， 拍2 厲聲說出， 斥責3使著迷
vi. 敲擊， 交談
abbr. [軍] Rocket Assisted Projectile火箭助推炮彈
[例] The judge rapped the police.
法官嚴厲指責警察。
[同義] bang ， hammer， knock， tap
release / ri5li：s / n. 1釋放2讓渡3發(fā)行的書， 釋放證書
vt. 1釋放， 解放2放棄， 讓與3免除4發(fā)表
n. 版本， 發(fā)布
[例] I released the horse and it ran away. 我放了這匹馬，讓它跑走了。
[同義] bump ，can， discharge， dismiss， expel， fire ，free ，let go ，liberate
[反義] capture / 5kAptFE / n. 捕獲， 戰(zhàn)利品 vt. 俘獲， 捕獲， 奪取
violent / 5vaiElEnt / adj. 猛烈的， 激烈的， 暴力引起的， 強暴的
[例] Not a few violent scenes were cut from the film before it came to show.
這部影片在放映前剪去了不少暴力鏡頭。
[同義] break， offend
[反義] obey / E5bei / v. 服從， 順從
[派生] violation / 7vaiE5leiFEn / n. 違反， 違背， 妨礙， 侵害， [體]違例， 強*
outlet / 5autlet， -lit / n. 出口， 出路
[例] The shoe manufacturer had several outlets.
那家制鞋廠商有幾家代銷店。
[反義] inlet / 5inlet / n. 進口， 入口， 水灣， 小港， 插入物
column /5kRlEm/ n. 1圓柱， 柱壯物2專欄3 縱隊
[例] Can you add up this column of figures？
你能把這行數(shù)字加起來嗎？
[同義] cylinder， division， monument， part， pillar， section ，tower
latitude / 5lAtitju：d / n. 1緯度， 范圍， （用復數(shù)）地區(qū)2行動或言論的自由（范圍）
[例] Our position is latitude 40 degrees north. 我們的位置是北緯40度。
[反義] longitude / 5lCndVitju：d / n. 經度， 經線
disputable / dis5pju：tEbl / adj. 有討論余地的， 真假可疑的
[例] The referee's decision was disputable. 裁判員的裁決有爭議。
[反義] indisputable / 7indis5pju：tEbl / adj. 無爭論之余地的， 明白的
[派生] dispute / dis5pju：t / v. 爭論， 辯論， 懷疑， 抗拒， 阻止， 爭奪（土地，勝利等） n. 爭論， 辯論， 爭吵
irritating / 5iri7teitiN / adj. 使憤怒的， 刺激的， 氣人的
[例] an irritating habit 一種惹人生氣的習慣
[派生] irritate / 5iriteit / vt. 激怒， 使急躁 v. 刺激
irritation / 7iri5teiFEn / n. 憤怒
verse / vE：s / n. 韻文， 詩， 詩節(jié)， 詩句， 詩篇
[例] read a book of satirical verse. 閱讀一本諷刺詩集
[同義] chapter， division， passage， poetry， rhyme
[反義] prose / prEuz / n. 散文
assert / E5sE：t / v. 斷言， 聲稱
[例] I had to assert myself in the meeting in order to ensure acquisition of the new book.
我在會上不得不堅持自己觀點以保證得到那本新書
[同義] affirm， declare， insist on， pronounce， state
[派生] assertion / E5sE：FEn / n. 主張， 斷言， 聲明
announce / E5nauns / vt. 宣布， 通告
[例] The invention of the microchip announced a new generation of computers.
微晶片的發(fā)明預示了新一代的計算機
[同義] broadcast， declare， notify， proclaim， report
[派生] announcement / E5naunsmEnt / n. 宣告， 發(fā)表， 一項公告， 一項私人告示
potentially / pE5tenF（E）li / adv. 潛在地
[例] Dogs own canine deemed to be potentially dangerous.
有犬齒的狗被認為有潛在的危險。
[派生] potential / pE5tenF（E）l / adj. 1潛在的， 可能的2勢的， 位的n. 1 潛能， 潛力2電壓
objectionable / Eb5dVekFEnEbl / adj. 引起反對的， 討厭的
[例] a very objectionable person 一個非常令人不愉快的人
[派生] objection / Eb5dVekFEn / n. 異議， 缺陷， 妨礙， 拒絕之理由
object / 5CbdVikt / n. 物體， 目標， 賓語， 對象 vi. 反對， 拒絕，
* vt. 提出……來反對
strategy / 5strAtidVi / n. 策略， 軍略
[例] strategy and tactics 戰(zhàn)略與戰(zhàn)術
[同義] planning ， tactics
[派生] strategetic / 9strAtI`dVetIk / adj. 戰(zhàn)略的， 戰(zhàn)略上的
concern / kEn5sE：n / vt. 涉及， 關系到 n. （利害）關系， 關心， 關注， 關注， 所關心的是
[例] This problem concerns all of us. 這個問題攸關我們全部人
[同義] affect ， involve， trouble
[派生] concerning / kEn5sE：niN / prep. 關于
concerned / kEn5sE：nd / adj. 關心的， 有關的
amendment / E5mendmEnt / n. 改善， 改正
[例] The discussion on the amendment of the tax law passed off without a hitch.
有關修改稅法的討論順利地結束了。
[派生] amend / E5mend / v. 修正， 改進， 改正
amendable / E`mendEbl / adj. 可修正的
四、強化練習
1.The researchers defined high job strain as work that puts high demands on employees but offers them little independence or leeway in how to _______ their tasks.
A. inquire B. accomplish C. infect D. infer
2. Environmental experts point out that increasing pollution not only causes serious problems such as global warming but also could _________ to end human life on our planet.
A. narrate B. float C. fling D. threaten
3. About 50% of the high school students fail to pursue higher education due to ________ constraints.
A. financial B. necessaryC. mentalD. spiritual
4. Since his triumphant ________ in 1990 from more than a quarter-century of imprisonment， Mandela has been at the centre of the most compelling and inspiring political drama in the world.
A. capture B. object C. releaseD. profit
5. Excitement and pride filled my heart as I heard the dean ________ that I had graduated with "highest honors"， been elected to Phi Beta Kappa， and been chosen as one of 12 Dean's Distinguished Graduates out of 1600 in the College of Liberal Arts.
A. radiate B. rally C. hail D. announce
6. The problem of international tourism has caused wide public ________over the recent years.
A. literatureB. concernC. muscle D. obstacle
7. As a Business Analyst， you are a fully participating member of the consulting team. You are expected to _________ ideas， opinions and new information.
A. devote B. accustomC. overwhelm D. contribute
8. She could get money from her parents to buy the advertised product. Worse yet， she might use the sex appeal _______ employed in the commercial to get ahead in the future.
A. rigour B. diagnose C. strategy D. designation
9. Eating fish at least once a week is good for the brain， slowing age-related mental ________ by the equivalent of three to four years， a study suggests.
A. decline B. detectionC. increase D. rising
10. The failure surprised both Chinese and US industries which had expected a _____ yesterday since there were positive signs at the last round of talks at the end of September
A. irony B. recurrence C. ban D. deal
答案：BDACD BDCAD
No company likes to be told it is contributing to the moral decline of a nation. "Is this what you intended to accomplish with your careers？" Senator Robert Dole asked Time Warner executives last week. "You have sold your souls， but must you corrupt our nation and threaten our children as well？" At Time Warner， however， such questions are simply the latest manifestation of the soul——searching that has involved the company ever since the company was born in 1990. It's a self-examination that has， at various times， involved issues of responsibility， creative freedom and the corporate bottom line.
At the core of this debate is chairman Gerald Levin， 56， who took over for the late Steve Ross in 1992. On the financial front， Levin is under pressure to raise the stock price and reduce the company's mountainous debt， which will increase to $17.3 billion after two new cable deals close. He has promised to sell off some of the property and restructure the company， but investors are waiting impatiently.
The flap over rap is not making life any easier for him. Levin has consistently defended the company's rap music on the grounds of expression. In 1992， when Time Warner was under fire for releasing Ice- T's violent rap song Cop Killer， Levin described rap as a lawful expression of street culture， which deserves an outlet. "The test of any democratic society，" he wrote in a Wall Street Journal column， "lies not in how well it can control expression but in whether it gives freedom of thought and expression the widest possible latitude， however disputable or irritating the results may sometimes be. We won't retreat in the face of any threats."
Levin would not comment on the debate last week， but there were signs that the chairman was backing off his hard-line stand， at least to some extent. During the discussion of rock singing verses at last month's stockholders' meeting， Levin asserted that "music is not the cause of society's ills" and even cited his son， a teacher in the Bronx， New York， who uses rap to communicate with students. But he talked as well about the "balanced struggle" between creative freedom and social responsibility， and he announced that the company would launch a drive to develop standards for distribution and labeling of potentially objectionable music.
The 15 member Time Warner board is generally supportive of Levin and his corporate strategy. But insiders say several of them have shown their concerns in this matter. "Some of us have known for many， many years that the freedoms under the First Amendment are not totally unlimited，" says Luce. "I think it is perhaps the case that some people associated with the company have only recently come to realize this."
二、譯文
沒有一家公司樂意聽到別人說自己引起了社會道德敗壞。上周，參議員羅伯特。多爾質問時代華納公司高級人員時說："這就是你們要成就的事業(yè)嗎？你們已經出賣了自己的靈魂，難道你們還非要腐化我們的國家，威脅我們的孩子嗎？"對成立于1990年的時代華納公司來說，多爾所質疑的問題只不過是公司自創(chuàng)立以來一直所進行的自我反省的最新表述，在公司發(fā)展的不同階段，這一自我反省設計（社會）責任、創(chuàng)作自由、公司所能做的一切。
處于這場爭論中心位置的是公司主席，56歲的杰拉德。萊文，他于1992年從已故主席史蒂夫。羅斯手中接過這個重任。在財政問題上，萊文的壓力很大，他必須提高公司的股價，并減少公司的巨額債務，而這一債務在購買兩條電纜的交易完成之后將達到一百七十三億美元。他準備出售公司的一些產業(yè)，并對公司進行重組，但是投資者已經等得不耐煩了。
喚起人們對說唱音樂的注意并沒有使他的日子變得好過些。萊文一向以它是一種富于表現(xiàn)力的演唱方式為理由來捍衛(wèi)公司的說唱音樂。1992年時代華納公司因出品Ice-T樂隊狂暴的說唱歌曲《警察殺手》而備受譴責，那時，萊文說這是街頭文化的合法表達方式，它應該有自己的宣泄途徑。在《華爾街日報》一篇專欄文章中，萊文寫到："對任何一個民主社會的檢驗不是看它能夠多好地控制各種感情的表達，而在于它是否給予了人們思考和表達的最廣泛的自由，不管這種結果有時可能會引起多大的爭論和憤怒。我們不會在任何威脅面前退卻。"
萊文不愿對上周進行的這次爭論發(fā)表評論，但是種種跡象顯示這位主席的強硬立場有所減弱，至少是在某種程度上的減弱。在上周股東會議討論搖滾音樂內容時，萊文強調說："音樂并不是社會弊端的根源"，他甚至還舉了兒子的例子，他的兒子是紐約布郎克斯的一名教師，曾用說唱樂的形式和學生進行交流。但是在會議上，他也談到了要在"創(chuàng)作自由"和"社會責任"之間努力保持平衡，他還宣布華納公司將開始制定標準，對可能引起非議的音樂予以標記，并對起發(fā)行進行控制。
總的來說，時代華納公司的15位董事是支持萊文和公司的經營策略的。但內部人士透露其中幾位對此事表示擔憂。"我們中的一些人多年來就知道憲法第一修正案所說的自由并非毫無限制，" 路斯說，"我想公司里有些人可能最近才剛開始明白這一點".
三、考研核心詞匯
contribute / kEn5tribju：t /v. 1捐助， 捐獻， 貢獻2投稿
[例] Everyone should contribute his share .
每個人都應貢獻出一份力量。
[同義] donate， give ，participate， provide
[派生] contribution / 7kCntri5bju：FEn / n. 捐獻， 貢獻， 投稿
contributive / kEn5tribjutiv / adj. 貢獻的， 出資的， 有助的
decline / di5klain / vi. 下傾， 下降， 下垂 v. 拒絕， 衰落 n. 下傾， 下降， 下垂， 斜面， 斜坡， 衰敗， 衰落
[例] They wish that prices would decline.
他們希望物價能下降。
[同義] descent， fail， fall ，refuse， reject，
[反義] accept / Ek5sept / vt. 接受， 認可， 承擔， 承兌 vi. 同意， 承認
[派生] declinatory / di5klainEtEri / adj. 謝絕的， 婉謝的
accomplish / E5kCmpliF / vt. 完成， 達到， 實現(xiàn)
[例] You should accomplish the task within the allotted time.
你們必須在規(guī)定時間內完成這項任務。
[同義] achieve， carry out ，complete ，do， finish， fulfill
[派生] accomplishment / E5kCmpliFmEnt / n. 成就， 完成， 技藝
career / kE5riE / n. 1 （原意：道路， 軌道）事業(yè)， 生涯2速度
[例] My grandfather was a career teacher； it's the only job he'd ever done.
我祖父教了一輩子書，教書是他所干過的的工作。
[同義] calling ，occupation， profession， trade， vocation
senator / 5senEtE / n. 參議員， （大學的）評議員， （古羅馬的）元老院議員
[例] And a Senator must have been a citizen of the United States for nine years at the time of his election.
而且，參議員在參加選舉時必須是在美國居住了九年的美國公民。
[派生] senatorial / senE5tC：riEl / adj. 參議院的， 參議員的
corrupt / kE5rQpt / adj. 1 腐敗的， 貪污的， 被破壞的， 混濁的2（語法）誤用的
vt. 使腐爛， 腐蝕， 使惡化 vi. 腐爛， 墮落
[例] a corrupt mayor 受賄的市長
[同義] crooked，dishonest， evil ， rotten， shady， wicked
[派生] corruption / kE5rQpFEn / n. 腐敗， 貪污， 墮落
corruptive / kE5rQptiv / adj. 使墮落的， 使腐敗的， 腐敗性的
threaten / 5Wretn / vt. 恐嚇， 威脅， 預示（危險）， 似有發(fā)生或來臨的可能， 可能來臨
[例] a crack that threatened to become a split 一條有裂開危險的縫
[同義] admonish， advise， alert， caution
[派生] threatening / `WretEnIN / adj. 脅迫的， 危險的
manifestation / 7mAnifes5teiFEn / n. 1顯示， 表現(xiàn)2*運動
[例] Fever is one manifestation of cold. 發(fā)燒是感冒的一種表現(xiàn)形式。
[派生] manifest / 5mAnifest / n. 載貨單， 旅客名單 adj. 顯然的， 明白的 vi. 出現(xiàn) vt. 表明， 證明
core / kC： / n.1果核2中心， 核心
[例] the hard elastic core of a baseball 棒球的彈性硬心
financial / fai5nAnFEl， 7fi- / adj. 財政的， 金融的
[例] a financial adviser 財政顧問；
[派生] finance / fai5nAns， fi- / n. 財政， 金融， 財政學 vt. 供給……經費，
負擔， 經費 vi. 籌措資金
stock / stCk / n.1 樹干2庫存3股票， 股份4托盤
adj.1 股票的2普通的， 常備的3存貨的
vt. 1裝把手于2進貨3備有
vi.1 出新芽2采購
[例] The New York stock exchange crashed in 1929.
紐約股票交易所于一九二九年大崩潰。
[同義] accumulate，amass ，collect ，gather， hoard ，keep ，stockpile
reduce / ri5dju：s / vt. 1減少， 縮小2簡化， 還原
[例] They've reduced the prices in the shop， so it's a good time to buy.
商店已經降低了商品的價格，看來現(xiàn)在是買東西的好時候。
[同義] cut， decrease， diminish， lessen ，lower， moderate
[反義] increase [ in5kri：s ] n. 增加， 增大， 增長 vt. 增加， 加大
vi. 增加， 繁殖
[派生] reduction / ri5dQkFEn / n. 1減少， 縮影， 變形， 縮減量2約簡
debt / det / n. 債務， 罪過
[例] If I pay all my debts I shall have no money left.
如果我償清了所有的債，我就一分錢不剩了。
[同義] obligation
cable / 5keibl / n. 電纜， 纜， 索 v. 打（海底）電報
[例] We have already advised you by cable.
我們已去電通知你方。
[同義] cord， rope， telegraph， wire
deal / di：l / n. 1交易， （政治上的）密約2 待遇3份量
vi. 1處理， 應付2做生意
vt. 1分配， 分給（out）；發(fā)牌
[例] I've dealt with this shop for 20 years.
我同這家商店做生意已經有20年了。
[同義] act， agreement， allot， bargain ，behave ，compact ，give ，grant
[固定搭配] a great deal 許多；make a deal with 與……做成一筆交易； 與……達成協(xié)議；deal with應付， 對付； 處理
restructure / ri5strQktFE / vt. 更改結構， 重建構造， 調整， 改組
[例] serious efforts to restructure third world debt
重組第三世界債務的真誠努力
impatiently / im5peiFEntli / adv. 無耐性地
[例] He asked the same question for many times， so his mother answered him impatiently this time .
同一個問題他問了很多遍，所以這次他母親不耐煩的回答了他。
[反義] patiently /5peIFEntlI/ adv. 有耐性地， 有毅力地
[派生] impatient / im5peiFEnt / adj. 不耐煩的， 急躁的， 不耐心的
impatience / im5peiFEns / n. 急躁
flap / flAp / n.1 拍打； 拍打聲2 副翼
v. 1拍打2鼓翼而飛3 扔， 擲
[例] The birds flapped its wings. 小鳥拍動雙翼。
rap / rAp / n. 1叩擊， 輕拍， 輕敲2斥責
vt. 1敲， 拍2 厲聲說出， 斥責3使著迷
vi. 敲擊， 交談
abbr. [軍] Rocket Assisted Projectile火箭助推炮彈
[例] The judge rapped the police.
法官嚴厲指責警察。
[同義] bang ， hammer， knock， tap
release / ri5li：s / n. 1釋放2讓渡3發(fā)行的書， 釋放證書
vt. 1釋放， 解放2放棄， 讓與3免除4發(fā)表
n. 版本， 發(fā)布
[例] I released the horse and it ran away. 我放了這匹馬，讓它跑走了。
[同義] bump ，can， discharge， dismiss， expel， fire ，free ，let go ，liberate
[反義] capture / 5kAptFE / n. 捕獲， 戰(zhàn)利品 vt. 俘獲， 捕獲， 奪取
violent / 5vaiElEnt / adj. 猛烈的， 激烈的， 暴力引起的， 強暴的
[例] Not a few violent scenes were cut from the film before it came to show.
這部影片在放映前剪去了不少暴力鏡頭。
[同義] break， offend
[反義] obey / E5bei / v. 服從， 順從
[派生] violation / 7vaiE5leiFEn / n. 違反， 違背， 妨礙， 侵害， [體]違例， 強*
outlet / 5autlet， -lit / n. 出口， 出路
[例] The shoe manufacturer had several outlets.
那家制鞋廠商有幾家代銷店。
[反義] inlet / 5inlet / n. 進口， 入口， 水灣， 小港， 插入物
column /5kRlEm/ n. 1圓柱， 柱壯物2專欄3 縱隊
[例] Can you add up this column of figures？
你能把這行數(shù)字加起來嗎？
[同義] cylinder， division， monument， part， pillar， section ，tower
latitude / 5lAtitju：d / n. 1緯度， 范圍， （用復數(shù)）地區(qū)2行動或言論的自由（范圍）
[例] Our position is latitude 40 degrees north. 我們的位置是北緯40度。
[反義] longitude / 5lCndVitju：d / n. 經度， 經線
disputable / dis5pju：tEbl / adj. 有討論余地的， 真假可疑的
[例] The referee's decision was disputable. 裁判員的裁決有爭議。
[反義] indisputable / 7indis5pju：tEbl / adj. 無爭論之余地的， 明白的
[派生] dispute / dis5pju：t / v. 爭論， 辯論， 懷疑， 抗拒， 阻止， 爭奪（土地，勝利等） n. 爭論， 辯論， 爭吵
irritating / 5iri7teitiN / adj. 使憤怒的， 刺激的， 氣人的
[例] an irritating habit 一種惹人生氣的習慣
[派生] irritate / 5iriteit / vt. 激怒， 使急躁 v. 刺激
irritation / 7iri5teiFEn / n. 憤怒
verse / vE：s / n. 韻文， 詩， 詩節(jié)， 詩句， 詩篇
[例] read a book of satirical verse. 閱讀一本諷刺詩集
[同義] chapter， division， passage， poetry， rhyme
[反義] prose / prEuz / n. 散文
assert / E5sE：t / v. 斷言， 聲稱
[例] I had to assert myself in the meeting in order to ensure acquisition of the new book.
我在會上不得不堅持自己觀點以保證得到那本新書
[同義] affirm， declare， insist on， pronounce， state
[派生] assertion / E5sE：FEn / n. 主張， 斷言， 聲明
announce / E5nauns / vt. 宣布， 通告
[例] The invention of the microchip announced a new generation of computers.
微晶片的發(fā)明預示了新一代的計算機
[同義] broadcast， declare， notify， proclaim， report
[派生] announcement / E5naunsmEnt / n. 宣告， 發(fā)表， 一項公告， 一項私人告示
potentially / pE5tenF（E）li / adv. 潛在地
[例] Dogs own canine deemed to be potentially dangerous.
有犬齒的狗被認為有潛在的危險。
[派生] potential / pE5tenF（E）l / adj. 1潛在的， 可能的2勢的， 位的n. 1 潛能， 潛力2電壓
objectionable / Eb5dVekFEnEbl / adj. 引起反對的， 討厭的
[例] a very objectionable person 一個非常令人不愉快的人
[派生] objection / Eb5dVekFEn / n. 異議， 缺陷， 妨礙， 拒絕之理由
object / 5CbdVikt / n. 物體， 目標， 賓語， 對象 vi. 反對， 拒絕，
* vt. 提出……來反對
strategy / 5strAtidVi / n. 策略， 軍略
[例] strategy and tactics 戰(zhàn)略與戰(zhàn)術
[同義] planning ， tactics
[派生] strategetic / 9strAtI`dVetIk / adj. 戰(zhàn)略的， 戰(zhàn)略上的
concern / kEn5sE：n / vt. 涉及， 關系到 n. （利害）關系， 關心， 關注， 關注， 所關心的是
[例] This problem concerns all of us. 這個問題攸關我們全部人
[同義] affect ， involve， trouble
[派生] concerning / kEn5sE：niN / prep. 關于
concerned / kEn5sE：nd / adj. 關心的， 有關的
amendment / E5mendmEnt / n. 改善， 改正
[例] The discussion on the amendment of the tax law passed off without a hitch.
有關修改稅法的討論順利地結束了。
[派生] amend / E5mend / v. 修正， 改進， 改正
amendable / E`mendEbl / adj. 可修正的
四、強化練習
1.The researchers defined high job strain as work that puts high demands on employees but offers them little independence or leeway in how to _______ their tasks.
A. inquire B. accomplish C. infect D. infer
2. Environmental experts point out that increasing pollution not only causes serious problems such as global warming but also could _________ to end human life on our planet.
A. narrate B. float C. fling D. threaten
3. About 50% of the high school students fail to pursue higher education due to ________ constraints.
A. financial B. necessaryC. mentalD. spiritual
4. Since his triumphant ________ in 1990 from more than a quarter-century of imprisonment， Mandela has been at the centre of the most compelling and inspiring political drama in the world.
A. capture B. object C. releaseD. profit
5. Excitement and pride filled my heart as I heard the dean ________ that I had graduated with "highest honors"， been elected to Phi Beta Kappa， and been chosen as one of 12 Dean's Distinguished Graduates out of 1600 in the College of Liberal Arts.
A. radiate B. rally C. hail D. announce
6. The problem of international tourism has caused wide public ________over the recent years.
A. literatureB. concernC. muscle D. obstacle
7. As a Business Analyst， you are a fully participating member of the consulting team. You are expected to _________ ideas， opinions and new information.
A. devote B. accustomC. overwhelm D. contribute
8. She could get money from her parents to buy the advertised product. Worse yet， she might use the sex appeal _______ employed in the commercial to get ahead in the future.
A. rigour B. diagnose C. strategy D. designation
9. Eating fish at least once a week is good for the brain， slowing age-related mental ________ by the equivalent of three to four years， a study suggests.
A. decline B. detectionC. increase D. rising
10. The failure surprised both Chinese and US industries which had expected a _____ yesterday since there were positive signs at the last round of talks at the end of September
A. irony B. recurrence C. ban D. deal
答案：BDACD BDCAD