對話部分由由一男一女之間進行的10個對話組成,對話之后有一個問題。問題皆由先講話的人提出,多為特殊疑問句。從歷年考題的情況看,該部分主要有以下類型的題型:時間與數(shù)字,地點與方向,職業(yè)與身份,觀點、態(tài)度與反應,原因與結果,計劃與行動和事件與情景綜合類型題等。
時間與數(shù)字題型:
時間、數(shù)字和計算是聽力測試中最常見的題型,幾乎每年都有,而且題型也比較多。歷年試題中雖然涉及的數(shù)字或數(shù)目并不多,但考生的答對率卻不高。究其原因,一是對數(shù)的表達方法不夠熟悉,二是對技巧的運用不夠熟練。 I 卷面線索,時間題的四個選項一般都是表達時刻的數(shù)字,或是星期、年、月等詞,偶爾會有介詞后跟數(shù)字。數(shù)字題的選項則有可能為純粹的數(shù)字或帶有貨幣符號的數(shù)字。
解題要點:
一般來說,反鳶覆換崾侵苯猶降氖鄭竊諞饉忌嫌敫檬窒嗤螄嘟蚧渙艘恢直澩鋟絞劍蛞蠖蘊降氖紙屑虻サ乃腦蛟慫?。追d飫嗵饈?,听清諒T┦趾退侵淶墓叵凳墻馓獾墓丶?nbsp;
這類題型的數(shù)字之間的關系往往用more/less, late/early, fast/slow, before/after之類的形容詞、副詞或介詞短語來表示,多為時間題。
【例1】
M: Could you tell me the timetable of the school bus?
W: Well, the bus leaves here for the campus every two hours from 6:30 a.m. But on weekends it starts half an hour later. Q: When did the second bus leave on Saturdays?
A) 7:30.
B) 8:00.
C) 8:30.
D) 9:00.
答案:D)。這是一道較為復雜的轉(zhuǎn)換題。考生應聽懂對話中的every two hours from 6:30 和half an hour later 兩處,同時還要細心,捕捉到問題中的the second bus和Saturdays。
另一類題的線索是表示數(shù)的存在或引起數(shù)的變化的動詞,數(shù)字之間的加減關系由它們來決定,常見的有:be, have, start/begin, spend, miss, leave, postpone, prolong, increase/add, decrease, borrow, lend, loan 等。
【例2】
W: Have you heard about the air crash that occurred last Wednesday?
M: Yes. The newspaper said six crew members and sixty-four passengers were killed, and fifteen others were injured.
Q: How many people suffered in the air crash?
A) 85. B) 70 C) 64. D) 31.
這是一道簡單的數(shù)字運算題,解題的關鍵是要聽懂問句中的“suffer”一詞,受害者應包括死者和傷者,故答案應為6+64+15=85(A)。
【例3】
M: I’ll have these shoes. Please tell me how much I owe you.
W: They are $40 a pair and three pairs make a total of $120. But today we offer a 10% discount.
Q: How much does the man have to pay?
A)$120. B) $108. C) $90. D) $40.
本題關鍵是聽懂女士的話。a 10% discount 意為打折10%,120元(3雙)扣除10%后應為108元(B)。對于這種題,考生在聽懂對話與問題的同時,要求對數(shù)字反應要快并要有一定的計算速度。
【例4】
W: Sorry. Mr. Smith is not in. May I have him return your call?
M: Yes, thank you. I’m at 6330872. …Sorry. It’s 6338720.
Q: What’s the man’s telephone number?
A) 6330872. B) 6380372. C) 6338720 D) 6338726.
這道題要注意的是電話號碼在口語中的讀法。6338720的最常見的讀法是:six double three eight seven two zero (或o)。另外還要注意不要受干擾信息的影響,如本題中的6330872以及其后的話語停頓。
【例5】
W: I’d like to make two reservations one Flight 651 for June 8th.
M: I’m sorry. We’ve booked up on the 8th. But we still have a few seats available on the 9th.
Q: When does the man want to leave?
A) On the 6th of June. B) On the 8th of June. C) On the 9th of June. D) On the 19th of June.
答案:B)。與上一題類似,本題是考察考生抗干擾的能力。對話中干擾因素有Flight 651 和the 9th兩個數(shù)詞。考生還要理解兩個詞:reservation 意為“預定”,而book up則指“訂完”。此外,還要熟悉日期的不同表達方法。
地點與方向題型:
在地點型試題中,有的地點在對話中直接提到,有的則需要根據(jù)對話內(nèi)容來判斷(這類問題一般是問對話發(fā)生在何處),還有的則是兩者兼而有之。
卷面線索:選項通常由(介詞+)地點名詞構成,提問可分為兩種情況。第一種問對話發(fā)生的何處,選項的形式通常為表示方位的介詞(如in, at等)加上一個地點名詞構成;第二種問的是方向,選項的形式通常為表示方向的介詞(如to, from, out of等)加上一個地點名詞或者只有地點名詞構成。
解題要點:
1、首先要根據(jù)卷面線索判斷出試題的類型。對于第一種試題,要重點聽對話中的與特定地點有關的常用詞或詞組(即關鍵詞),例如聽到reserve,check in,check out,room 之類的詞的話即可判斷對話是發(fā)生在旅館里,聽到size,color,pay,discount之類的詞即可判斷對話地點是在商店等。
2、與方向有關的詞和詞組并不多,所提出的問題在形式上也可能比較簡單,但是這類問題出現(xiàn)時,往往需要幾經(jīng)思考才能得出答案。在這類問題中,務必要注意錄音中的內(nèi)容細節(jié),不要單憑從對話中獲得的孤立信息來確定答案。建議在聽音的同時用筆在紙上畫一些草圖以幫助理解。
3、與時間題不同,有的地點題可通過邏輯判斷猜出正確的答案,平時要注意這方面能力的培養(yǎng)。(請見【例1】)。
【例1】
W: How long have you known Susan?
M: I’ve known her about three years. I met her in the library where we used to read, but now I can only see her on the campus occasionally. Q: Where did Susan often go to read?
A) In the library. B) In the college. C) On the campus. D) In the classroom.
從聽力的角度來說, 這是一道較為特殊的題。我們發(fā)現(xiàn)女士提出的問題對于提問的第三個聲音來說沒有多少意義。換言之,“你認識Susan多久了?”是一個干擾句,于是許多考生就把注意力放在男聲的答句中的“三年”上,而忽略了以下的內(nèi)容。究其原因,主要是沒能從選擇項中發(fā)現(xiàn)這是一道地點題。事實上,這道題聲東擊西,看似較難,但在判斷出它屬于地點題以后,我們利用邏輯推理,可以馬上排除B)和C)這兩個選項。因為出現(xiàn)的四個選項均與學生或?qū)W校有關,B)和 D)是同義關系,選擇其一必然要選其二,結果只能是兩者都不對,答案必然是A)或D)。在此基礎上,再聽音,我們發(fā)現(xiàn)沒有提到教室一詞,所以即使這一題聽不懂,我們也能做出正確的答案(A)。
【例2】
M: I’ve just got back from the holiday you arranged for me, but I must tell you the hotel was really awful! It was miles from the sea. The food was awful too. The bedroom was dirty. W: Sorry about that. But it’s not really our fault. The contract does say that the hotel accommodation is not our responsibility Q: Where is the conversation most probably taking place?
A) At the airport. B) In a travel agency. C) In a hotel. D) At home
此題對話中雖有地點名詞出現(xiàn)(hotel, bedroom),但明顯都不是答案。本題考的是推理能力。根據(jù)hotel等關鍵詞,可推斷對話的話題與旅行有關,而從W的話中的arrange, contract等詞,可以判斷出這是一家旅行社(B)。本題說明,在聽對話時,要對關鍵詞特別注意,但又不能認為關鍵詞就是答案。
【例3】
M: Good afternoon. This is Edward Miller at the Sun Valley Health Center. I’d like to speak to Mr. Adams, please. W: Mr. Miller, my husband isn’t at home. I can give you his business phone if you’d like to call him at work. Q: Where is Mr. Adams now?
A)At the Sun Valley. B) At the Health Center. C) At home. D) At the office.
本題表面是很簡單,但聽音的過程中,由于出現(xiàn)過多的專有名詞(包括地點名詞),很多考生往往抓不住關鍵的信息。在應試的過程中,如果出現(xiàn)這種情況而實在沒有辦法,可考慮選擇對話中沒有直接出現(xiàn)的那個選項,如本題中的D)。
【例4】
M: Now, Miss, do you feel all right now? What happened?
W: Yes, I’m fine now. I was just at the motorway. I was driving along the main road when suddenly right before the crossroads I met the car came out at the side street. I didn’t see him until he hit me.
Q: Where was the car before it hit the woman?
A)In the side street. B) At the crossroads. C) On the main road. D) On the motorway.
本題屬于較為特殊的地點題,考生不僅要聽懂對話發(fā)生的地點,而且要能理解 I met the car came out at the side street 這句語法上有錯誤的話并推斷出在汽車撞上W之前,它正在 the side street (A)中。其它選項在對話中都曾出現(xiàn)過,但它們都是描述W本人所在的位置,而非肇事車輛所處的位置。
【例5】
W: I just stopped by at your office in the bank. They told me that you had quit. Where are you working now? M: I am working for a lawyer now. The pay is better and the work is much more interesting.
Q: Where did the man work before?
A) In a court . B) On the farm. C) In a bank. D) In a shop.
在對話部分中,通常第二個人說的話比較重要,但也并非始終如此,所以應試時要集中注意力,平時練習時則要做到聽清聽懂每一個詞,這樣在臨場時才不會疏漏。
時間與數(shù)字題型:
時間、數(shù)字和計算是聽力測試中最常見的題型,幾乎每年都有,而且題型也比較多。歷年試題中雖然涉及的數(shù)字或數(shù)目并不多,但考生的答對率卻不高。究其原因,一是對數(shù)的表達方法不夠熟悉,二是對技巧的運用不夠熟練。 I 卷面線索,時間題的四個選項一般都是表達時刻的數(shù)字,或是星期、年、月等詞,偶爾會有介詞后跟數(shù)字。數(shù)字題的選項則有可能為純粹的數(shù)字或帶有貨幣符號的數(shù)字。
解題要點:
一般來說,反鳶覆換崾侵苯猶降氖鄭竊諞饉忌嫌敫檬窒嗤螄嘟蚧渙艘恢直澩鋟絞劍蛞蠖蘊降氖紙屑虻サ乃腦蛟慫?。追d飫嗵饈?,听清諒T┦趾退侵淶墓叵凳墻馓獾墓丶?nbsp;
這類題型的數(shù)字之間的關系往往用more/less, late/early, fast/slow, before/after之類的形容詞、副詞或介詞短語來表示,多為時間題。
【例1】
M: Could you tell me the timetable of the school bus?
W: Well, the bus leaves here for the campus every two hours from 6:30 a.m. But on weekends it starts half an hour later. Q: When did the second bus leave on Saturdays?
A) 7:30.
B) 8:00.
C) 8:30.
D) 9:00.
答案:D)。這是一道較為復雜的轉(zhuǎn)換題。考生應聽懂對話中的every two hours from 6:30 和half an hour later 兩處,同時還要細心,捕捉到問題中的the second bus和Saturdays。
另一類題的線索是表示數(shù)的存在或引起數(shù)的變化的動詞,數(shù)字之間的加減關系由它們來決定,常見的有:be, have, start/begin, spend, miss, leave, postpone, prolong, increase/add, decrease, borrow, lend, loan 等。
【例2】
W: Have you heard about the air crash that occurred last Wednesday?
M: Yes. The newspaper said six crew members and sixty-four passengers were killed, and fifteen others were injured.
Q: How many people suffered in the air crash?
A) 85. B) 70 C) 64. D) 31.
這是一道簡單的數(shù)字運算題,解題的關鍵是要聽懂問句中的“suffer”一詞,受害者應包括死者和傷者,故答案應為6+64+15=85(A)。
【例3】
M: I’ll have these shoes. Please tell me how much I owe you.
W: They are $40 a pair and three pairs make a total of $120. But today we offer a 10% discount.
Q: How much does the man have to pay?
A)$120. B) $108. C) $90. D) $40.
本題關鍵是聽懂女士的話。a 10% discount 意為打折10%,120元(3雙)扣除10%后應為108元(B)。對于這種題,考生在聽懂對話與問題的同時,要求對數(shù)字反應要快并要有一定的計算速度。
【例4】
W: Sorry. Mr. Smith is not in. May I have him return your call?
M: Yes, thank you. I’m at 6330872. …Sorry. It’s 6338720.
Q: What’s the man’s telephone number?
A) 6330872. B) 6380372. C) 6338720 D) 6338726.
這道題要注意的是電話號碼在口語中的讀法。6338720的最常見的讀法是:six double three eight seven two zero (或o)。另外還要注意不要受干擾信息的影響,如本題中的6330872以及其后的話語停頓。
【例5】
W: I’d like to make two reservations one Flight 651 for June 8th.
M: I’m sorry. We’ve booked up on the 8th. But we still have a few seats available on the 9th.
Q: When does the man want to leave?
A) On the 6th of June. B) On the 8th of June. C) On the 9th of June. D) On the 19th of June.
答案:B)。與上一題類似,本題是考察考生抗干擾的能力。對話中干擾因素有Flight 651 和the 9th兩個數(shù)詞。考生還要理解兩個詞:reservation 意為“預定”,而book up則指“訂完”。此外,還要熟悉日期的不同表達方法。
地點與方向題型:
在地點型試題中,有的地點在對話中直接提到,有的則需要根據(jù)對話內(nèi)容來判斷(這類問題一般是問對話發(fā)生在何處),還有的則是兩者兼而有之。
卷面線索:選項通常由(介詞+)地點名詞構成,提問可分為兩種情況。第一種問對話發(fā)生的何處,選項的形式通常為表示方位的介詞(如in, at等)加上一個地點名詞構成;第二種問的是方向,選項的形式通常為表示方向的介詞(如to, from, out of等)加上一個地點名詞或者只有地點名詞構成。
解題要點:
1、首先要根據(jù)卷面線索判斷出試題的類型。對于第一種試題,要重點聽對話中的與特定地點有關的常用詞或詞組(即關鍵詞),例如聽到reserve,check in,check out,room 之類的詞的話即可判斷對話是發(fā)生在旅館里,聽到size,color,pay,discount之類的詞即可判斷對話地點是在商店等。
2、與方向有關的詞和詞組并不多,所提出的問題在形式上也可能比較簡單,但是這類問題出現(xiàn)時,往往需要幾經(jīng)思考才能得出答案。在這類問題中,務必要注意錄音中的內(nèi)容細節(jié),不要單憑從對話中獲得的孤立信息來確定答案。建議在聽音的同時用筆在紙上畫一些草圖以幫助理解。
3、與時間題不同,有的地點題可通過邏輯判斷猜出正確的答案,平時要注意這方面能力的培養(yǎng)。(請見【例1】)。
【例1】
W: How long have you known Susan?
M: I’ve known her about three years. I met her in the library where we used to read, but now I can only see her on the campus occasionally. Q: Where did Susan often go to read?
A) In the library. B) In the college. C) On the campus. D) In the classroom.
從聽力的角度來說, 這是一道較為特殊的題。我們發(fā)現(xiàn)女士提出的問題對于提問的第三個聲音來說沒有多少意義。換言之,“你認識Susan多久了?”是一個干擾句,于是許多考生就把注意力放在男聲的答句中的“三年”上,而忽略了以下的內(nèi)容。究其原因,主要是沒能從選擇項中發(fā)現(xiàn)這是一道地點題。事實上,這道題聲東擊西,看似較難,但在判斷出它屬于地點題以后,我們利用邏輯推理,可以馬上排除B)和C)這兩個選項。因為出現(xiàn)的四個選項均與學生或?qū)W校有關,B)和 D)是同義關系,選擇其一必然要選其二,結果只能是兩者都不對,答案必然是A)或D)。在此基礎上,再聽音,我們發(fā)現(xiàn)沒有提到教室一詞,所以即使這一題聽不懂,我們也能做出正確的答案(A)。
【例2】
M: I’ve just got back from the holiday you arranged for me, but I must tell you the hotel was really awful! It was miles from the sea. The food was awful too. The bedroom was dirty. W: Sorry about that. But it’s not really our fault. The contract does say that the hotel accommodation is not our responsibility Q: Where is the conversation most probably taking place?
A) At the airport. B) In a travel agency. C) In a hotel. D) At home
此題對話中雖有地點名詞出現(xiàn)(hotel, bedroom),但明顯都不是答案。本題考的是推理能力。根據(jù)hotel等關鍵詞,可推斷對話的話題與旅行有關,而從W的話中的arrange, contract等詞,可以判斷出這是一家旅行社(B)。本題說明,在聽對話時,要對關鍵詞特別注意,但又不能認為關鍵詞就是答案。
【例3】
M: Good afternoon. This is Edward Miller at the Sun Valley Health Center. I’d like to speak to Mr. Adams, please. W: Mr. Miller, my husband isn’t at home. I can give you his business phone if you’d like to call him at work. Q: Where is Mr. Adams now?
A)At the Sun Valley. B) At the Health Center. C) At home. D) At the office.
本題表面是很簡單,但聽音的過程中,由于出現(xiàn)過多的專有名詞(包括地點名詞),很多考生往往抓不住關鍵的信息。在應試的過程中,如果出現(xiàn)這種情況而實在沒有辦法,可考慮選擇對話中沒有直接出現(xiàn)的那個選項,如本題中的D)。
【例4】
M: Now, Miss, do you feel all right now? What happened?
W: Yes, I’m fine now. I was just at the motorway. I was driving along the main road when suddenly right before the crossroads I met the car came out at the side street. I didn’t see him until he hit me.
Q: Where was the car before it hit the woman?
A)In the side street. B) At the crossroads. C) On the main road. D) On the motorway.
本題屬于較為特殊的地點題,考生不僅要聽懂對話發(fā)生的地點,而且要能理解 I met the car came out at the side street 這句語法上有錯誤的話并推斷出在汽車撞上W之前,它正在 the side street (A)中。其它選項在對話中都曾出現(xiàn)過,但它們都是描述W本人所在的位置,而非肇事車輛所處的位置。
【例5】
W: I just stopped by at your office in the bank. They told me that you had quit. Where are you working now? M: I am working for a lawyer now. The pay is better and the work is much more interesting.
Q: Where did the man work before?
A) In a court . B) On the farm. C) In a bank. D) In a shop.
在對話部分中,通常第二個人說的話比較重要,但也并非始終如此,所以應試時要集中注意力,平時練習時則要做到聽清聽懂每一個詞,這樣在臨場時才不會疏漏。