本文是摘自柯達(dá)公司網(wǎng)站的關(guān)于如何拍一張優(yōu)秀的照片的10個要訣。
10 tips for a good picture
Look your subject in the eye
Direct eye contact can be as engaging in a picture as it is in real life. When taking a picture of someone, hold the
camera at the person's eye level to unleash the power of those magnetic gazes and mesmerizing smiles. For children, that
means stooping to their level. And your subject need not always stare at the camera. All by itself that eye level angle will
create a personal and inviting feeling that pulls you into the picture.
Use a plain background
A plain background shows off the subject you are photographing. When you look through the camera viewfinder, force
yourself to study the area surrounding your subject. Make sure no poles grow from the head of your favorite niece and that
no cars seem to dangle from her ears.
Watch the light
Next to the subject, the most important part of every picture is the light. It affects the appearance of everything you
photograph. On a great-grandmother, bright sunlight from the side can enhance wrinkles. But the soft light of a cloudy day
can subdue those same wrinkles.
Use flash outdoors
Bright sun can create unattractive deep facial shadows. Eliminate the shadows by using your flash to lighten the face.
When taking people pictures on sunny days, turn your flash on. With a digital camera, use the picture display panel to
review the results.
Know your flights range
The number one flash mistake is taking pictures beyond the flash's range. Why is this a mistake? Because pictures taken beyond the maximum flash range will be too dark. For many cameras, the maximum flash range is less than fifteen feet—about five steps away.
What is your camera's flash range? Look it up in your camera manual. Can't find it? Then don't take a chance. Position yourself so subjects are no farther than ten feet away. Film users can extend the flash range by using Kodak Max versatility or versatility plus film.
Lock the focus
If your subject is not in the center of the picture, you need to lock the focus to create a sharp picture. Most auto-focus cameras focus on whatever is in the center of the picture. But to improve pictures, you will often want to move the subject away from the center of the picture. If you don't want a blurred picture, you'll need to first lock the focus with the subject in the middle and then recompose the picture so the subject is away from the middle.
Usually you can lock the focus in three steps. First, center the subject and press and hold the shutter button halfway down. Second, reposition your camera (while still holding the shutter button) so the subject is away from the center. And third, finish by pressing the shutter button all the way down to take the picture.
Move in closer
If your subject is smaller than a car, take a step or two closer before taking the picture and zoom in on your subject. Your goal is to fill the picture area with the subject you are photographing. Up close you can reveal telling details, like a sprinkle of freckles or an arched eyebrow.
But don't get too close or your pictures will be blurry. The closest focusing distance for most cameras is about three feet, or about one step away from your camera.
Move it from the middle
The middle of your picture is not the best place for your subject. Bring your picture to life by simply moving your subject away from the middle of your picture.
Take some vertical pictures
All sorts of things look better in a vertical picture. From a lighthouse near a cliff to the Eiffel Tower to your four-year-old niece jumping in a puddle. So next time out, make a conscious effort to turn your camera sideways and take some vertical pictures.
Be a picture director
Become a picture director, not just a passive picture-taker. A picture director takes charge. A picture director picks the location: "Everybody go outside to the backyard." A picture director adds props: "Girls, put on your pink sunglasses." A picture director arranges people: "Now move in close, and lean toward the camera."
Most pictures won't be that involved, but you get the idea: Take charge of your pictures and win your own best picture awards.
拍好照片的十個要訣
看著他的眼睛
無論是現(xiàn)實(shí)生活還是相片中，目光交流總是很引人的。給別人照相的時候，要把照相機(jī)端在他視平線的高度，這樣照片主人公攝人的凝視和迷人的微笑的魅力就能釋放出來。如果拍的是小孩，那就要彎下腰到他們那般高。照片主人公并不必總是盯著鏡頭看。自然而然地，和他們視平線齊平的這樣一個角度就能夠另你融入相片之中。
背景要樸素
樸素的背景襯托那個你要照的人。當(dāng)你取景的時候，記得仔細(xì)觀察主人公身邊的環(huán)境。
觀察光線
除了主體之外，照片最重要的要素就是光線了。光線會影響到你照下的所有東西。如果拍的是一個老奶奶，側(cè)向的明亮陽光會強(qiáng)調(diào)她的皺紋。而陰天的柔和光線救能很好的加以掩蓋。
戶外要使用閃光燈
明亮的陽光會在臉部形成陰影，很不美觀。要去處陰影就要使用閃光燈給面部打光。要是在大晴天照人物照，就要打閃光燈。要是用的是數(shù)碼照相機(jī)，可以在液晶屏上看一下相片的效果如何。
明確閃光燈的有效距離
使用閃光燈時最常犯的錯誤就是拍攝對象處于有效距離之外。 為什么說這是一個錯誤呢？ 因?yàn)殚W光燈有效范圍之外的物體拍攝在照片上會顯黯淡。 很多型號的照相機(jī)的有效閃光燈距離少于15英尺，即五步遠(yuǎn)處。
那你的相機(jī)的有效距離又是多少呢？ 查一下你的相機(jī)操作手冊吧。 找不到嗎？ 那可別試著碰運(yùn)氣。 你的位置要站在離目標(biāo)物體不超過10英尺遠(yuǎn)的地方。
鎖定焦點(diǎn)
假若你的拍攝對象不是在照片中央，你就需要鎖定焦點(diǎn)已獲得清晰的相片。 很多傻瓜相機(jī)是已照片中央處物體進(jìn)行對焦的。 但你若想要提升相片質(zhì)量，常常會需要將物體移開相片中央。 要是你不想把照拍的模模糊糊的，就要先在相片中央位置將對象鎖定焦點(diǎn)，在重新布局以使物體離開中央位置。
通常你可以遵循一下三個步驟來鎖定焦點(diǎn)。 首先，將物體至于取景框中央，半按快門。 然后移動相機(jī)重新布局使物體遠(yuǎn)離中央。 最后，將快門按到底完成拍攝。
站近一點(diǎn)
如果說拍攝物體比一輛轎車要小的話，那拍之前得往前走兩步并使用變焦進(jìn)行放大。 你拍攝的總旨就是要使對象充盈拍攝區(qū)域。 走近一點(diǎn)，就能夠展示細(xì)節(jié)部分，像比如一絲皺紋或一道皺眉。
但也不能走得太近，否則會照得模糊。 大多數(shù)相機(jī)的最近拍攝距離使約3英尺，即離相機(jī)大約兩步處。
從正中央挪開
照片中央部分并不是放置景物的地點(diǎn)。 只需要將景物放置在遠(yuǎn)離照片中央的地方就可以使得相片更為鮮活。
拍些豎直照片
很多東西豎直拍攝更好一點(diǎn)。 不論使峭壁旁的燈塔還是艾菲爾鐵塔或是你活蹦亂跳的四歲的侄女。 所以，下次外出的時候，有意識地轉(zhuǎn)轉(zhuǎn)你的相機(jī)，拍些豎直的照片。
做一個攝影知道
要做一個照片的指導(dǎo)者而不是被動的接受者。 攝影指導(dǎo)主控拍攝。 他選擇拍攝地點(diǎn)： “大家到后院去！” 攝影指導(dǎo)架起三角架： “姑娘們帶上粉色的太陽鏡！” 攝影知道安排站位： “現(xiàn)在靠近些，朝相機(jī)傾一些。”
很多照片不用拍得那么費(fèi)力，但你要明白： 控制好你的照片才能拍出好照片。
10 tips for a good picture
Look your subject in the eye
Direct eye contact can be as engaging in a picture as it is in real life. When taking a picture of someone, hold the
camera at the person's eye level to unleash the power of those magnetic gazes and mesmerizing smiles. For children, that
means stooping to their level. And your subject need not always stare at the camera. All by itself that eye level angle will
create a personal and inviting feeling that pulls you into the picture.
Use a plain background
A plain background shows off the subject you are photographing. When you look through the camera viewfinder, force
yourself to study the area surrounding your subject. Make sure no poles grow from the head of your favorite niece and that
no cars seem to dangle from her ears.
Watch the light
Next to the subject, the most important part of every picture is the light. It affects the appearance of everything you
photograph. On a great-grandmother, bright sunlight from the side can enhance wrinkles. But the soft light of a cloudy day
can subdue those same wrinkles.
Use flash outdoors
Bright sun can create unattractive deep facial shadows. Eliminate the shadows by using your flash to lighten the face.
When taking people pictures on sunny days, turn your flash on. With a digital camera, use the picture display panel to
review the results.
Know your flights range
The number one flash mistake is taking pictures beyond the flash's range. Why is this a mistake? Because pictures taken beyond the maximum flash range will be too dark. For many cameras, the maximum flash range is less than fifteen feet—about five steps away.
What is your camera's flash range? Look it up in your camera manual. Can't find it? Then don't take a chance. Position yourself so subjects are no farther than ten feet away. Film users can extend the flash range by using Kodak Max versatility or versatility plus film.
Lock the focus
If your subject is not in the center of the picture, you need to lock the focus to create a sharp picture. Most auto-focus cameras focus on whatever is in the center of the picture. But to improve pictures, you will often want to move the subject away from the center of the picture. If you don't want a blurred picture, you'll need to first lock the focus with the subject in the middle and then recompose the picture so the subject is away from the middle.
Usually you can lock the focus in three steps. First, center the subject and press and hold the shutter button halfway down. Second, reposition your camera (while still holding the shutter button) so the subject is away from the center. And third, finish by pressing the shutter button all the way down to take the picture.
Move in closer
If your subject is smaller than a car, take a step or two closer before taking the picture and zoom in on your subject. Your goal is to fill the picture area with the subject you are photographing. Up close you can reveal telling details, like a sprinkle of freckles or an arched eyebrow.
But don't get too close or your pictures will be blurry. The closest focusing distance for most cameras is about three feet, or about one step away from your camera.
Move it from the middle
The middle of your picture is not the best place for your subject. Bring your picture to life by simply moving your subject away from the middle of your picture.
Take some vertical pictures
All sorts of things look better in a vertical picture. From a lighthouse near a cliff to the Eiffel Tower to your four-year-old niece jumping in a puddle. So next time out, make a conscious effort to turn your camera sideways and take some vertical pictures.
Be a picture director
Become a picture director, not just a passive picture-taker. A picture director takes charge. A picture director picks the location: "Everybody go outside to the backyard." A picture director adds props: "Girls, put on your pink sunglasses." A picture director arranges people: "Now move in close, and lean toward the camera."
Most pictures won't be that involved, but you get the idea: Take charge of your pictures and win your own best picture awards.
拍好照片的十個要訣
看著他的眼睛
無論是現(xiàn)實(shí)生活還是相片中，目光交流總是很引人的。給別人照相的時候，要把照相機(jī)端在他視平線的高度，這樣照片主人公攝人的凝視和迷人的微笑的魅力就能釋放出來。如果拍的是小孩，那就要彎下腰到他們那般高。照片主人公并不必總是盯著鏡頭看。自然而然地，和他們視平線齊平的這樣一個角度就能夠另你融入相片之中。
背景要樸素
樸素的背景襯托那個你要照的人。當(dāng)你取景的時候，記得仔細(xì)觀察主人公身邊的環(huán)境。
觀察光線
除了主體之外，照片最重要的要素就是光線了。光線會影響到你照下的所有東西。如果拍的是一個老奶奶，側(cè)向的明亮陽光會強(qiáng)調(diào)她的皺紋。而陰天的柔和光線救能很好的加以掩蓋。
戶外要使用閃光燈
明亮的陽光會在臉部形成陰影，很不美觀。要去處陰影就要使用閃光燈給面部打光。要是在大晴天照人物照，就要打閃光燈。要是用的是數(shù)碼照相機(jī)，可以在液晶屏上看一下相片的效果如何。
明確閃光燈的有效距離
使用閃光燈時最常犯的錯誤就是拍攝對象處于有效距離之外。 為什么說這是一個錯誤呢？ 因?yàn)殚W光燈有效范圍之外的物體拍攝在照片上會顯黯淡。 很多型號的照相機(jī)的有效閃光燈距離少于15英尺，即五步遠(yuǎn)處。
那你的相機(jī)的有效距離又是多少呢？ 查一下你的相機(jī)操作手冊吧。 找不到嗎？ 那可別試著碰運(yùn)氣。 你的位置要站在離目標(biāo)物體不超過10英尺遠(yuǎn)的地方。
鎖定焦點(diǎn)
假若你的拍攝對象不是在照片中央，你就需要鎖定焦點(diǎn)已獲得清晰的相片。 很多傻瓜相機(jī)是已照片中央處物體進(jìn)行對焦的。 但你若想要提升相片質(zhì)量，常常會需要將物體移開相片中央。 要是你不想把照拍的模模糊糊的，就要先在相片中央位置將對象鎖定焦點(diǎn)，在重新布局以使物體離開中央位置。
通常你可以遵循一下三個步驟來鎖定焦點(diǎn)。 首先，將物體至于取景框中央，半按快門。 然后移動相機(jī)重新布局使物體遠(yuǎn)離中央。 最后，將快門按到底完成拍攝。
站近一點(diǎn)
如果說拍攝物體比一輛轎車要小的話，那拍之前得往前走兩步并使用變焦進(jìn)行放大。 你拍攝的總旨就是要使對象充盈拍攝區(qū)域。 走近一點(diǎn)，就能夠展示細(xì)節(jié)部分，像比如一絲皺紋或一道皺眉。
但也不能走得太近，否則會照得模糊。 大多數(shù)相機(jī)的最近拍攝距離使約3英尺，即離相機(jī)大約兩步處。
從正中央挪開
照片中央部分并不是放置景物的地點(diǎn)。 只需要將景物放置在遠(yuǎn)離照片中央的地方就可以使得相片更為鮮活。
拍些豎直照片
很多東西豎直拍攝更好一點(diǎn)。 不論使峭壁旁的燈塔還是艾菲爾鐵塔或是你活蹦亂跳的四歲的侄女。 所以，下次外出的時候，有意識地轉(zhuǎn)轉(zhuǎn)你的相機(jī)，拍些豎直的照片。
做一個攝影知道
要做一個照片的指導(dǎo)者而不是被動的接受者。 攝影指導(dǎo)主控拍攝。 他選擇拍攝地點(diǎn)： “大家到后院去！” 攝影指導(dǎo)架起三角架： “姑娘們帶上粉色的太陽鏡！” 攝影知道安排站位： “現(xiàn)在靠近些，朝相機(jī)傾一些。”
很多照片不用拍得那么費(fèi)力，但你要明白： 控制好你的照片才能拍出好照片。