Before you next flush the toilet, consider this: Scientists in Singapore have developed battery powered by（用…推動(dòng)的） urine（尿）.
下次沖廁所之前，請不要忘記下面的介紹：新加坡的科學(xué)家發(fā)明了一種由尿液產(chǎn)生能量的電池。
Researchers at the Institute of Bioengineering and Nanotechnology created the credit card-size battery as a disposable power source for medical test kits（成套工具）.
生物工程及納米技術(shù)研究所的研究人員發(fā)明了一種信用卡大小的一次性電池，用于醫(yī)學(xué)測試的能量源。
Scientists have been scrambling to create smaller, more efficient, and less expensive "biochips" to test for diseases such as diabetes（糖尿?。? Until now, however, similarly small batteries to power the devices remained elusive（深?yuàn)W，難懂）.
科學(xué)家們費(fèi)盡周折的發(fā)明了一種體積更小，效率更高，并且造價(jià)更低的生物芯片，用于像糖尿病一類疾病的檢測。但迄今為止，類似的驅(qū)動(dòng)這種芯片的電池仍舊未能推出。
Diagnostic test kits commonly analyze the chemical composition of a person's urine to detect a malady（疾病）. Ki Bang Lee and his colleagues realized that the substance（物質(zhì)） being tested—urine—could also power the test.
診斷測試工具一般通過分析病人尿液的化學(xué)成分來斷定是否疾病存在。Ki Bang Lee 和他的同事意識(shí)到測試樣本——尿液——同時(shí)可也作為測試工具的能源。
"In order to address this problem, we have designed a disposable battery on a chip, which is activated by biofluids such as urine," Lee wrote in an e-mail to National Geographic News.
Lee在給National Geographic 的E-mail 中敘述: “為了攻克這個(gè)難題，我們設(shè)計(jì)了一種芯片式的一次性電池，它可由生物體液，比如尿液，來驅(qū)動(dòng)”.
The research team describes the battery in the current issue of the Journal of Micromechanics and
Microengineering.
Lee所在的研究小組將研究結(jié)果發(fā)表在最近一期的Micromechanics and Microengineering期刊上。
To make the battery, Lee and his colleagues soaked a piece of paper in a solution of copper chloride（[化]氯化物） and sandwiched（做成三明治形） it between strips of magnesium and copper. This sandwich was then laminated between two sheets of transparent plastic.
Lee和他的同事將一張紙浸在氯化銅溶液中，再將浸后紙片夾在鎂片和銅片之間，最后將制好的三層夾在兩片透明的塑料板之間。
When a drop of （一滴）urine is added to the paper through a slit in the plastic, a chemical reaction takes place that produces electricity, Lee said.
Lee說，通過塑料板上的縫隙將尿液滴到紙片上，就會(huì)發(fā)生化學(xué)法應(yīng)產(chǎn)生電能。
The prototype battery produced about 1.5 volts, the same as a standard AA battery, and runs for about 90 minutes. Researchers said the power, voltage, and lifetime of the battery can be improved by adjusting the geometry and materials used.
該電池原形產(chǎn)生電壓1.5伏，相當(dāng)于標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的AA電池一樣，并可持續(xù)工作90分鐘。研究人員透露，電池的能量，電壓，和使用時(shí)間可以通過改變布片的幾何位置和材料來調(diào)節(jié)。
Urine contains many ions (electrically charged atoms), which allows the electricity-producing chemical reaction to take place in the urine battery, said UC Berkeley's Kammen. Other bodily fluids, such as tears, blood, and semen, would work easily as well to activate the battery.
加州伯克利大學(xué)的Kammen表示：尿液富含很多離子（帶電原子），這些離子是尿液發(fā)電的最根本原因。其他的體液，像眼淚，血液，和精液也可起到同樣的作用。
While medical devices inspired（給…靈感） the urine battery, it can activate any electric device with low power consumption, according to Lee, the battery's co-inventor.
"For example, we can integrate a small cell phone and our battery on a plastic card. This can be activated by body fluids, such as saliva, during an emergency," he said.
電池的共同發(fā)明者Lee閣下說，醫(yī)療設(shè)備激發(fā)了該電池的發(fā)明，同時(shí)也會(huì)觸動(dòng)其他低能耗的電器設(shè)備的發(fā)展?！氨热缯f，我們可以將微型移動(dòng)電話和我們的電池整合到一張塑料卡片。 它就能夠在危急時(shí)刻由體液（像唾液）驅(qū)動(dòng)，發(fā)揮作用?！?BR> According to Kammen the technology could even be applied to laptop computers, mp3 players, televisions, and cars. Body-fluid-powered batteries "can do all kinds of things. The issue is how they scale up" to produce more power, he said.
據(jù)Kammen所說，這項(xiàng)技術(shù)可應(yīng)用于膝上電腦，mp3播放器，電視，和汽車。體液電池“可以無所不能，關(guān)鍵是它的規(guī)模大小”決定了是否可產(chǎn)生更強(qiáng)大的能量。
One approach is to simply build larger batteries. Another method is to link lots of little battery cells side by side, which is how the batteries in laptop computers work, Kammen explained.
Kammen解釋：我們努力設(shè)計(jì)簡單的大型的電池?，F(xiàn)存的方法是將一系列微型電池鏈接起來，膝上電腦所采用的正是這種技術(shù)。
Kammen, who advocates government funding for alternative energy research, says the wide number of applications for cheap and efficient biofluid-powered batteries illustrates the value of research. "Investigation leads to innovation," he said.
Kammen擁護(hù)政府資助的可替代能源計(jì)劃，他表示：大量的低投入高效率的體液電池已章顯該計(jì)劃的價(jià)值所在。“科研導(dǎo)致革新”。
下次沖廁所之前，請不要忘記下面的介紹：新加坡的科學(xué)家發(fā)明了一種由尿液產(chǎn)生能量的電池。
Researchers at the Institute of Bioengineering and Nanotechnology created the credit card-size battery as a disposable power source for medical test kits（成套工具）.
生物工程及納米技術(shù)研究所的研究人員發(fā)明了一種信用卡大小的一次性電池，用于醫(yī)學(xué)測試的能量源。
Scientists have been scrambling to create smaller, more efficient, and less expensive "biochips" to test for diseases such as diabetes（糖尿?。? Until now, however, similarly small batteries to power the devices remained elusive（深?yuàn)W，難懂）.
科學(xué)家們費(fèi)盡周折的發(fā)明了一種體積更小，效率更高，并且造價(jià)更低的生物芯片，用于像糖尿病一類疾病的檢測。但迄今為止，類似的驅(qū)動(dòng)這種芯片的電池仍舊未能推出。
Diagnostic test kits commonly analyze the chemical composition of a person's urine to detect a malady（疾病）. Ki Bang Lee and his colleagues realized that the substance（物質(zhì)） being tested—urine—could also power the test.
診斷測試工具一般通過分析病人尿液的化學(xué)成分來斷定是否疾病存在。Ki Bang Lee 和他的同事意識(shí)到測試樣本——尿液——同時(shí)可也作為測試工具的能源。
"In order to address this problem, we have designed a disposable battery on a chip, which is activated by biofluids such as urine," Lee wrote in an e-mail to National Geographic News.
Lee在給National Geographic 的E-mail 中敘述: “為了攻克這個(gè)難題，我們設(shè)計(jì)了一種芯片式的一次性電池，它可由生物體液，比如尿液，來驅(qū)動(dòng)”.
The research team describes the battery in the current issue of the Journal of Micromechanics and
Microengineering.
Lee所在的研究小組將研究結(jié)果發(fā)表在最近一期的Micromechanics and Microengineering期刊上。
To make the battery, Lee and his colleagues soaked a piece of paper in a solution of copper chloride（[化]氯化物） and sandwiched（做成三明治形） it between strips of magnesium and copper. This sandwich was then laminated between two sheets of transparent plastic.
Lee和他的同事將一張紙浸在氯化銅溶液中，再將浸后紙片夾在鎂片和銅片之間，最后將制好的三層夾在兩片透明的塑料板之間。
When a drop of （一滴）urine is added to the paper through a slit in the plastic, a chemical reaction takes place that produces electricity, Lee said.
Lee說，通過塑料板上的縫隙將尿液滴到紙片上，就會(huì)發(fā)生化學(xué)法應(yīng)產(chǎn)生電能。
The prototype battery produced about 1.5 volts, the same as a standard AA battery, and runs for about 90 minutes. Researchers said the power, voltage, and lifetime of the battery can be improved by adjusting the geometry and materials used.
該電池原形產(chǎn)生電壓1.5伏，相當(dāng)于標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的AA電池一樣，并可持續(xù)工作90分鐘。研究人員透露，電池的能量，電壓，和使用時(shí)間可以通過改變布片的幾何位置和材料來調(diào)節(jié)。
Urine contains many ions (electrically charged atoms), which allows the electricity-producing chemical reaction to take place in the urine battery, said UC Berkeley's Kammen. Other bodily fluids, such as tears, blood, and semen, would work easily as well to activate the battery.
加州伯克利大學(xué)的Kammen表示：尿液富含很多離子（帶電原子），這些離子是尿液發(fā)電的最根本原因。其他的體液，像眼淚，血液，和精液也可起到同樣的作用。
While medical devices inspired（給…靈感） the urine battery, it can activate any electric device with low power consumption, according to Lee, the battery's co-inventor.
"For example, we can integrate a small cell phone and our battery on a plastic card. This can be activated by body fluids, such as saliva, during an emergency," he said.
電池的共同發(fā)明者Lee閣下說，醫(yī)療設(shè)備激發(fā)了該電池的發(fā)明，同時(shí)也會(huì)觸動(dòng)其他低能耗的電器設(shè)備的發(fā)展?！氨热缯f，我們可以將微型移動(dòng)電話和我們的電池整合到一張塑料卡片。 它就能夠在危急時(shí)刻由體液（像唾液）驅(qū)動(dòng)，發(fā)揮作用?！?BR> According to Kammen the technology could even be applied to laptop computers, mp3 players, televisions, and cars. Body-fluid-powered batteries "can do all kinds of things. The issue is how they scale up" to produce more power, he said.
據(jù)Kammen所說，這項(xiàng)技術(shù)可應(yīng)用于膝上電腦，mp3播放器，電視，和汽車。體液電池“可以無所不能，關(guān)鍵是它的規(guī)模大小”決定了是否可產(chǎn)生更強(qiáng)大的能量。
One approach is to simply build larger batteries. Another method is to link lots of little battery cells side by side, which is how the batteries in laptop computers work, Kammen explained.
Kammen解釋：我們努力設(shè)計(jì)簡單的大型的電池?，F(xiàn)存的方法是將一系列微型電池鏈接起來，膝上電腦所采用的正是這種技術(shù)。
Kammen, who advocates government funding for alternative energy research, says the wide number of applications for cheap and efficient biofluid-powered batteries illustrates the value of research. "Investigation leads to innovation," he said.
Kammen擁護(hù)政府資助的可替代能源計(jì)劃，他表示：大量的低投入高效率的體液電池已章顯該計(jì)劃的價(jià)值所在。“科研導(dǎo)致革新”。