四六級語法詞匯7

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形容詞層迭修飾時的順序
    幾個屬于不同層次的形容詞作修飾語時,其詞序一般按下列順序排列:限定詞→表示說話人評價的形容詞→表示大小、形狀、新舊的形容詞→表示顏色的形容詞→表示國別、來源、材料的形容詞→表示用途或目的的形容詞→名詞中心詞。例如:
    the town‘s charming old English church
    a wellknown German medical school
    the man‘s first two interesting little red French oil paintings
    近義詞辨析
    bother, disturb, trouble, worry
    這組詞均含有“不停地煩擾他人或搞得某人心神不寧”的意思。
    bother 和disturb常用于主動和被動兩種形式中。用于被動時,bother指常受到時有時無的小事的煩擾。用于主動時,bother的意思比disturb強,帶有故意打擾他人的意思。
    If you return me the book, I will stop bothering you.你歸還我的書后,
    我就不打擾你了。
    disturb用于被動形式時,意思比bother強烈,有時甚至可指精神錯亂。用在主動形式時,意思最弱,指某人無意中打擾他人,這種打擾行為并非存心沖著他人去的。The man was mentally disturbed.這個人精神錯亂了。
    trouble和worry主要用于被動,指被某事搞得心神不寧。
    trouble比worry稍正式些,指麻煩別人一件事而影響他人舒適、方便、效率、健康或心境的平靜等。
    May I trouble you for the book?麻煩您把書遞給我好嗎?
    worry
    主要指因?qū)δ呈碌慕Y(jié)果沒有把握而焦慮不安,還可指某人沉浸在軟弱無助的情緒或思慮中。
    Worrying about your health can make you sick.經(jīng)常擔心你的健康,會使你生病的。
    全真模擬試題
    1. It‘s not fair that you come home after a bad day at work a
    nd ____ your wife and children.
    A. take it out on B. take out it on 
    C. take out on D. take on it with
    2. She put an extra blanket over the baby for fear that ____。
    A. he catches cold B. he should catch cold 
    C. he caught cold D. he be catching cold
    3. Our teacher recommended that we ____ as attentive
    as possible when we visit the museum.
    A. are B. shall be C. be D.were
    4. You ____ business interfering with my affairs.
    A. have none B. have no
    C. have none of the D. have nothing like
    5. The new cut in interest rate ____ promote domestic
    investment.
    A. means to B. directs toward
    C. is meant to D. leads to
    6. Advertising media like direct mail, radio, television and newspapers
    ____ to increase the sales of industrial products.
    A.have been used B. will be used 
    C. is being used D. has been used
    7. While being questioned on the court, the man denied ____
    the old lady‘s necklace.
    A. having taken B. taking
    C. to have taken D. to take
    8. Dr. Park was accused ____ the patient with overdose of slee
    ping pills so that the patient‘s life was terminated before the expected time.
    A.of providing B. with providing
    C. to have provided D. to provide
    9. By the end of next month we ____ this assignment.
    
    A. will finish B. will be finishing
    C. will have finished D. have finished
    10. We will be losing money this year unless that new economic plan of yours ____ miracle.
    A.is working B. works
    C. will be working D. worked
    11. It was dark in the cave so she ____ a match.
    A. struck B. hit C. fired D. burned
    12. Mary will not be able to come to the birthday party as she is ____ with a cold.
    A. laid out B. laid up C. laid by D. laid down
    13. She often says her greatest happiness ____ serving the handicapped children.
    A.relies on B. consists in
    C. composes of D. comprises in
    14. To make this ____ clear we shall have to look clo
    sely into biology‘s long history.
    A.distinction B. indication C. recognition D. constitution
    15. Most importantly, such an experience helps ____ a heightened sensitivity to
    other cultures and will bring about a greater appreciation of one‘s own culture as well.
    A. coach B. forsake C. foster D.censor
    16. When Ann broke the dish she tried to put the ____
    back together.
    A. fragments B. pieces C. bits D. slices
    17. Jane tried to ____ the doorman with money, but she failed.
    A. bribe B. corrupt C. award D. endow
    18. Classification is a useful ____ to the organizati
    on of knowledge in any field.
    A. means B. approach C. mode D. manner
    19. The human race has already paid a heavy price for its slow ____
    to environmental threats.
    A. response B. responsibility
    C. resolution D. resistance
    20. We have a high regard for Prof. Joseph because he always ____
    his principles.
    A. lives on B. lives up to
    C. lives through D. lives with
    21. My grandfather accidentally ____ fire to the house.
    A.put B. took C.set D. got
    22. We enjoyed the holiday ____ the expense.
    A.except B. besides
    C. in addition to D. except for
    23. If you want children to work hard you must ____ their interests instead of their sense of duty.
    A. appeal to B. look into C. give rise to D. go in for
    24. Basically a robot is a machine which moves, manipulates, joins or proc
    esses ____ in the same way as human hand or arm.
    A. characters B. components
    C.catalogues D. collections
    25. Of course, talking about something which affects them personally is
    ____ motivating for students.
    A. chiefly B. correctly C. currently D. eminently
    試題答案與解析 
    1. A) 「句意」 白天的工作不順心,回到家里
    拿老婆孩子出氣,這是不公平的。
    「難點」 take it out on sb. 意為“拿某人出氣”,其中it是無人稱代
    詞,無所指,這是一個固定的結(jié)構(gòu)。
    2. B) 「句意」 由于害怕孩子感冒,她在孩子
    身上又蓋了一條毯子。
    「難點」 for fear that 后接虛擬語氣,(should)+動詞原形。
    3. C) 「句意」 我們的教師建議我們參觀博物
    館的時候注意力應(yīng)盡可能集中。
    「難點」 recommend,command ,suggest 等詞后接的賓語從句應(yīng)用虛擬語
    氣,即(should)+動詞原形。
    4. B) 「句意」 你沒有權(quán)力干涉我們的事情。
    「難點」 have no business doing /to do something 意為“沒有權(quán)力,
    沒有理由做某事“
    5. C) 「句意」 利率再次下調(diào)旨在促進國內(nèi)投資。
    「難點」 be meant to do 意為“旨在做 ”;mean to do 意為“打算做
    ,企圖做“;lead to 意為”導(dǎo)致“,后接名詞。
    6. A) 「句意」 像直接郵件、無線電、電視和
    報紙這樣的廣告媒介一直被用來促進工業(yè)品的銷售。
    「難點」 根據(jù)句意,應(yīng)用完成時的被動語態(tài),media 是medium 的復(fù)數(shù)形
    式。
    7. A) 「句意」 法庭傳訓(xùn)他的時候,他否認拿
    了老太太的項鏈。
    「難點」 deny后需接動名詞,由于動作是過去發(fā)生的,所以選A),動名詞
    的完成式。
    8. A) 「句意」 帕克大夫被指控向患者提供過
    量的安眠藥,結(jié)果造成病人在預(yù)期的時間前死亡。
    「難點」 be accused of 是個常見的詞組,意為“被控有…罪”。
    
    9. C) 「句意」 到下月底,我將完成這項任務(wù)。
    「難點」 by the end of next month (year)是將來完成時的典型狀語,
    故選C)。
    10. B) 「句意」 除非你的新經(jīng)濟計劃創(chuàng)造奇跡
    ,否則我們將賠錢。
    「難點」 unless 引導(dǎo)條件狀語從句,用一般現(xiàn)在時表示將來。
    11. A) 「句意」 巖洞里很黑,她燃著了一根火
    柴。
    「難點」 strike 意為“擦(火柴)”,其它幾個詞不能和matches搭配。
    
    12. B) 「句意」 瑪麗不能來參加生日晚會了,
    因為她患了感冒,臥床在家。
    「難點」 lay up 意為“因痛(或傷殘)臥床”,常用被動語態(tài); lay out 意為“擺出,展開”;lay by 意為“儲存”;lay down意為“犧牲,獻出”。
    13. B) 「句意」 她常說她的快樂在于為殘
    疾兒童服務(wù)。
    「難點」 consist in 意為“在于,存在于”;rely on 意為“依靠,依
    賴“;be composed of 意為”由…構(gòu)成“;comprise 意為”由…組成;構(gòu)成“。
    14. A) 「句意」 為了搞清楚這一差別,我們必
    須認真地審視一下生物學發(fā)展的漫長歷史。
    「難點」 distinction意為“區(qū)別;差異”;indication意為“標示,跡
    象“;recognition意為”(正式的)承認,認可,認知“;constitution意為”憲法,體制“。
    
    15. C) 「句意」 最重要的是,這樣的經(jīng)歷能促
    進人們對其它文化的感受性,并使他們更欣賞自己的文化。
    「難點」 foster意為“培養(yǎng),促進,助長”;coach意為“訓(xùn)練,指導(dǎo)”;
    forsake意為“遺棄,拋棄”;censor意為“審查,檢查”。
    16. A) 「句意」 安把盤子打碎后,想把碎片再
    合在一起。
    「難點」 fragment 意為“碎片,碎塊”;piece意為“塊,片”;bit意
    為“小片;小段”;slice意為“薄片;切片”。
    17. A) 「句意」 簡企圖用錢賄賂看門人,但失
    敗了。
    「難點」 bribe 意為“收買;行賄”;corrupt意為“腐蝕,使墮落”;a
    ward意為“授予(獎品等);給予”;endow意為“資助,捐贈”。
    18. B) 「句意」 分類是組織任何領(lǐng)域知識內(nèi)容
    的有效方式。
    「難點」 approach作“方式,方法;態(tài)度”講時,后接介詞to,其它幾個
    詞沒有這種用法。
    19. A) 「句意」 人類已為他們對環(huán)境威脅作出
    的遲緩反應(yīng)付出了重大代價。
    「難點」 response意為“反應(yīng)”后接介詞to ;responsibility意為“責任
    “;resolution意為”決心,決定“;resistance意為”抵抗“。
    20. B) 「句意」 我們十分尊重約瑟夫教授,因
    為他總是信守原則。
    「難點」 live up to 意為“遵守,實踐(諾言,原則)”;live on 意
    為“以…
    為生“;live through意為”度過,經(jīng)歷過“;live with 意為”忍受;容忍“。
    21. C) 「句意」 我爺爺不小心放火燒著了房子
    。
    「難點」 詞組set fire to 意為“點燃,使燃燒”。
    22. D) 「句意」 除了花很多錢外,我們的假期
    很愉快。
    「難點」 except指的是除去同類的事物,且常用于否定句;besides是包含
    在內(nèi)的,除了;in addition to 也是包括在內(nèi);except for 是除了不同類的事物。
    23. A) 「句意」 如果你要孩子們努力學習,你
    必須喚起他們的興趣而不是責任感。
    「難點」 appeal to 意為“有感染力,有吸引力”;look into 意為“調(diào)
    查,觀
    察“;give rise to意為”引起,導(dǎo)致“;go in for意為”愛好;從事,參與“。
    24. B) 「句意」 機器人基本上是一臺機器,它
    能像人的手臂一樣移動、操縱、結(jié)合或加工零件。
    「難點」 component意為“零件;成分”;character 意為“特性;人格
    “;catalogue意為”目錄“;collection意為”收集“。
    25. D) 「句意」 當然,談?wù)撘恍┯绊憣W生個性
    的事對他們是非常有積極作用的。
    「難點」 emine
    ntly 意為“突出地;明顯地”;chiefly意為“主要地;大部分”;correctly意為“正確
    地“,currently意為”現(xiàn)時,當前“。