動(dòng)名詞在句中起名詞的作用，可以充當(dāng)主語、表語、賓語(動(dòng)詞賓語或介詞賓語)。它可以有自己的定語、賓語或狀語。
1)動(dòng)名詞作主語
Seeing is believing. Talking mends no holes.Taking a cold shower every morning does him a lot good.____in an atmosphere of simply living was what her parents wished for. (CET-4 1999,1)
A) The girl to be educated
B) The girl educated
C) The girl's being educated
D) The girl was educated
動(dòng)名詞和不定式都可以做主語。不定式做主語表示具體的動(dòng)作，動(dòng)名詞做主語則可以表示抽象或一般性的動(dòng)作或情況。根據(jù)句意，這個(gè)女孩在樸素的生活環(huán)境中接受教育是她的父母所希望的，接受教育不是具體的一次性動(dòng)作，因此用動(dòng)名詞，答案為C。當(dāng)動(dòng)名詞做主語時(shí)，我們常用先行詞it作形式主語，而把真正的主語動(dòng)名詞放到句尾，特別要注意如下結(jié)構(gòu)：It is useless (no use, no good, no harm) doing…… It is a waste of time doing…… It is worthwhile doing……
【例如】
It is no use crying over spilt milk.It is a waste of time discussing such matters with him.It is no good leaving today's work for tomorrow.
2)動(dòng)名詞作動(dòng)詞賓語動(dòng)名詞作動(dòng)詞賓語是大學(xué)英語四級(jí)考試的重要內(nèi)容。
a)英語中有些動(dòng)詞后面只能跟動(dòng)名詞作它的賓語。這類動(dòng)詞常見的有：admit, advice, anticipate, appreciate, avoid，consider, delay，deny，dislike, enjoy，escape，excuse, fancy，favor, finish，imagine，include , keep, mind，miss, postpone, practise，prevent , propose, resist, risk, suggest等。
【例如】
Mike often attempts to escape being fined whenever he breaks traffic regulations.The doctor suggested that I avoid smoking and drinking for a month.Would you mind opening the window?The murderer denied killing the rich man.I would appreciate ____it a secret. (CET-4 1995,6)
A) your keeping B) you to keep
C) that you keep D) that you will keep
appreciate后面一般加動(dòng)名詞做賓語，動(dòng)名詞可以有自己的邏輯主語，因此答案為A。
That young guy still denies____the fire behind the store. (CET-4 2000,12)
A) to start B)shavingsstarted
C) start D) to have started
Deny后面加動(dòng)名詞作賓語，而且引發(fā)火災(zāi)是在否認(rèn)這一動(dòng)做之前，所以用動(dòng)名詞的完成式，答案為B。
b)動(dòng)名詞在demand, deserve, need, require, want等動(dòng)詞后面作賓語時(shí)，表示被動(dòng)的意思。
【例如】
My shoes need mending.The following language points deserve mentioning.This matter demands discussing.Your hair wants ____. You had better have it done now. (CET-4 1997, 1)
A) cut B) to cut
C) cutting D) being cut
Want, need, require等動(dòng)詞后經(jīng)常加動(dòng)名詞做賓語，表示被動(dòng)的意思，故答案為C。
c)有些短語動(dòng)詞和結(jié)構(gòu)后面也要求跟動(dòng)名詞作賓語。這樣的短語動(dòng)詞常見的有：feel like，give up，go on，object/objection to，put off，keep on，insist on，leave off，look forward to，think of, can't help, be/get used to, spend……in , have difficulty in, have trouble/a hard time in, there be no need, confess to等。
【例如】
Do you feel like going out for dinner with me tonight?Chinese people are looking forward to holding the 27th Olympic games.I am used to going to bed late and getting up late.Although punctual himself, the professor was quite used ____late for his lecture. (CET-4 1998,1)
A) to have students B) for students' being C) for students to be D) to students’ being
be/get used to doing表示習(xí)慣于干什么，是固定用法，因此答案為D。
I have no objection____ your story again. (CET-4 2000,6)
A) to hear B) to hearing
C) toshavingsheard D) to have heard
object/objection to doing是固定用法，因此A和D可以排除。動(dòng)名詞的完成式表示其動(dòng)作發(fā)生在謂語動(dòng)詞的動(dòng)作之前，而句中聽的動(dòng)作還沒有進(jìn)行，因此用動(dòng)名詞的一般式，答案為B。
d)有些動(dòng)詞既可以加動(dòng)名詞，又可以加不定式，兩者在意義上有差別。這些動(dòng)詞有：forget, like, remember, regret, try等。forget to do：忘記去做某事，還沒有做。
【例如】
Don't forget to take an umbrella when you go out.forget doing：忘了做過某事。
【例如】
I'll never forget ____you for the first time. (CET-4 2000,12)
A) to meet B) to have met
C) meeting D)shavingsto be meetig
forget to do表示忘記去做某事，還沒有做。forget doing表示忘了做過某事。根據(jù)句意：我永遠(yuǎn)不會(huì)忘記第一次遇到你，遇到的動(dòng)作已經(jīng)發(fā)生，應(yīng)選擇動(dòng)名詞，答案為C.remember to do：記住去做某事，還沒有做。
【例如】
I will remember to write to you often.If I had remembered ____the window, the thief would not have got in.(CET-4 1996,1)
A) to close B) closing
C) to have closed D)shavingsclosed
remember to do表示記得要做某事，還沒有做。根據(jù)句意，如果我記得去關(guān)窗戶，小偷就不會(huì)進(jìn)來，窗戶很明顯沒有關(guān)，所以用不定式，答案為A。remember doing：記得做過某事。
【例如】
I remembered putting my wallet in the bag, but I could not find it.
regret to do：遺憾做某事，經(jīng)常用：regret to say
【例如】
I regret to say that I can't accept your invitation.
regret doing：后悔做過某事。
【例如】
I regret notshavingstaken your advice.
try to do：盡力做某事。
【例如】
One should try to do everything well.
try doing：試著做某事。【例如】
I tried cooking, but I failed.
3)動(dòng)名詞作介詞賓語
動(dòng)名詞作介詞賓語，并且和介詞構(gòu)成介詞短語。
【例如】
She left without saying anything to us.Man's dream of landing on the moon came true in1968.I am afraid of being punished by the teacher.Ann never dreams of ____for her to be sent abroad very soon.(CET-4 1998,6)
A) there being a chance B) there to be
C) there be a chance D) being a chance
of為介詞，后面接動(dòng)名詞做賓語，因此B和C都可以排除。另外，根據(jù)句意：安妮從來沒有夢(mèng)想過她有一個(gè)很快被送出國的機(jī)會(huì)，介詞后面含有“有”的意思，用there be結(jié)構(gòu)表達(dá)，故正確答案為A.
1)動(dòng)名詞作主語
Seeing is believing. Talking mends no holes.Taking a cold shower every morning does him a lot good.____in an atmosphere of simply living was what her parents wished for. (CET-4 1999,1)
A) The girl to be educated
B) The girl educated
C) The girl's being educated
D) The girl was educated
動(dòng)名詞和不定式都可以做主語。不定式做主語表示具體的動(dòng)作，動(dòng)名詞做主語則可以表示抽象或一般性的動(dòng)作或情況。根據(jù)句意，這個(gè)女孩在樸素的生活環(huán)境中接受教育是她的父母所希望的，接受教育不是具體的一次性動(dòng)作，因此用動(dòng)名詞，答案為C。當(dāng)動(dòng)名詞做主語時(shí)，我們常用先行詞it作形式主語，而把真正的主語動(dòng)名詞放到句尾，特別要注意如下結(jié)構(gòu)：It is useless (no use, no good, no harm) doing…… It is a waste of time doing…… It is worthwhile doing……
【例如】
It is no use crying over spilt milk.It is a waste of time discussing such matters with him.It is no good leaving today's work for tomorrow.
2)動(dòng)名詞作動(dòng)詞賓語動(dòng)名詞作動(dòng)詞賓語是大學(xué)英語四級(jí)考試的重要內(nèi)容。
a)英語中有些動(dòng)詞后面只能跟動(dòng)名詞作它的賓語。這類動(dòng)詞常見的有：admit, advice, anticipate, appreciate, avoid，consider, delay，deny，dislike, enjoy，escape，excuse, fancy，favor, finish，imagine，include , keep, mind，miss, postpone, practise，prevent , propose, resist, risk, suggest等。
【例如】
Mike often attempts to escape being fined whenever he breaks traffic regulations.The doctor suggested that I avoid smoking and drinking for a month.Would you mind opening the window?The murderer denied killing the rich man.I would appreciate ____it a secret. (CET-4 1995,6)
A) your keeping B) you to keep
C) that you keep D) that you will keep
appreciate后面一般加動(dòng)名詞做賓語，動(dòng)名詞可以有自己的邏輯主語，因此答案為A。
That young guy still denies____the fire behind the store. (CET-4 2000,12)
A) to start B)shavingsstarted
C) start D) to have started
Deny后面加動(dòng)名詞作賓語，而且引發(fā)火災(zāi)是在否認(rèn)這一動(dòng)做之前，所以用動(dòng)名詞的完成式，答案為B。
b)動(dòng)名詞在demand, deserve, need, require, want等動(dòng)詞后面作賓語時(shí)，表示被動(dòng)的意思。
【例如】
My shoes need mending.The following language points deserve mentioning.This matter demands discussing.Your hair wants ____. You had better have it done now. (CET-4 1997, 1)
A) cut B) to cut
C) cutting D) being cut
Want, need, require等動(dòng)詞后經(jīng)常加動(dòng)名詞做賓語，表示被動(dòng)的意思，故答案為C。
c)有些短語動(dòng)詞和結(jié)構(gòu)后面也要求跟動(dòng)名詞作賓語。這樣的短語動(dòng)詞常見的有：feel like，give up，go on，object/objection to，put off，keep on，insist on，leave off，look forward to，think of, can't help, be/get used to, spend……in , have difficulty in, have trouble/a hard time in, there be no need, confess to等。
【例如】
Do you feel like going out for dinner with me tonight?Chinese people are looking forward to holding the 27th Olympic games.I am used to going to bed late and getting up late.Although punctual himself, the professor was quite used ____late for his lecture. (CET-4 1998,1)
A) to have students B) for students' being C) for students to be D) to students’ being
be/get used to doing表示習(xí)慣于干什么，是固定用法，因此答案為D。
I have no objection____ your story again. (CET-4 2000,6)
A) to hear B) to hearing
C) toshavingsheard D) to have heard
object/objection to doing是固定用法，因此A和D可以排除。動(dòng)名詞的完成式表示其動(dòng)作發(fā)生在謂語動(dòng)詞的動(dòng)作之前，而句中聽的動(dòng)作還沒有進(jìn)行，因此用動(dòng)名詞的一般式，答案為B。
d)有些動(dòng)詞既可以加動(dòng)名詞，又可以加不定式，兩者在意義上有差別。這些動(dòng)詞有：forget, like, remember, regret, try等。forget to do：忘記去做某事，還沒有做。
【例如】
Don't forget to take an umbrella when you go out.forget doing：忘了做過某事。
【例如】
I'll never forget ____you for the first time. (CET-4 2000,12)
A) to meet B) to have met
C) meeting D)shavingsto be meetig
forget to do表示忘記去做某事，還沒有做。forget doing表示忘了做過某事。根據(jù)句意：我永遠(yuǎn)不會(huì)忘記第一次遇到你，遇到的動(dòng)作已經(jīng)發(fā)生，應(yīng)選擇動(dòng)名詞，答案為C.remember to do：記住去做某事，還沒有做。
【例如】
I will remember to write to you often.If I had remembered ____the window, the thief would not have got in.(CET-4 1996,1)
A) to close B) closing
C) to have closed D)shavingsclosed
remember to do表示記得要做某事，還沒有做。根據(jù)句意，如果我記得去關(guān)窗戶，小偷就不會(huì)進(jìn)來，窗戶很明顯沒有關(guān)，所以用不定式，答案為A。remember doing：記得做過某事。
【例如】
I remembered putting my wallet in the bag, but I could not find it.
regret to do：遺憾做某事，經(jīng)常用：regret to say
【例如】
I regret to say that I can't accept your invitation.
regret doing：后悔做過某事。
【例如】
I regret notshavingstaken your advice.
try to do：盡力做某事。
【例如】
One should try to do everything well.
try doing：試著做某事。【例如】
I tried cooking, but I failed.
3)動(dòng)名詞作介詞賓語
動(dòng)名詞作介詞賓語，并且和介詞構(gòu)成介詞短語。
【例如】
She left without saying anything to us.Man's dream of landing on the moon came true in1968.I am afraid of being punished by the teacher.Ann never dreams of ____for her to be sent abroad very soon.(CET-4 1998,6)
A) there being a chance B) there to be
C) there be a chance D) being a chance
of為介詞，后面接動(dòng)名詞做賓語，因此B和C都可以排除。另外，根據(jù)句意：安妮從來沒有夢(mèng)想過她有一個(gè)很快被送出國的機(jī)會(huì)，介詞后面含有“有”的意思，用there be結(jié)構(gòu)表達(dá)，故正確答案為A.