短文改錯(cuò)是語(yǔ)篇層次上的改錯(cuò)，要求把詞匯、結(jié)構(gòu)和意義看成是有機(jī)的整體，要求跨越傳統(tǒng)英語(yǔ)學(xué)習(xí)中詞匯和句子的思維范疇，把詞法、句法與篇章的句子聯(lián)系起來(lái)，建立句子與句子之間的思維范疇，建立整體語(yǔ)感，進(jìn)行語(yǔ)篇分析，判斷錯(cuò)誤所在，并加以改正。
眾所周知，孤立的詞與用在句子中的詞是不同的；孤立的句子與組成篇章的句子也不同。所謂語(yǔ)篇分析，一方面是指判斷詞與詞在句子中通過(guò)語(yǔ)法結(jié)構(gòu)所起到的作用和意義（包括同義、近義、反義、上下義、相關(guān)義）；另一方面是指句與句之間的成分關(guān)系、結(jié)構(gòu)詞和語(yǔ)法變體；再者是指語(yǔ)篇水平上的邏輯關(guān)系，包括省略、替代、重復(fù)、比較、平行、照應(yīng)、篇章連接信號(hào)詞、寫(xiě)作體裁和風(fēng)格等。
把握層次關(guān)系，進(jìn)行語(yǔ)篇分析，就能做到前后照應(yīng)，就容易發(fā)現(xiàn)詞匯和語(yǔ)法結(jié)構(gòu)、內(nèi)容上下貫通方面的問(wèn)題，并根據(jù)上下文進(jìn)行改正。
Although it might have happened anywhere， my encounter with the green banana started on a steep mountain road in the interior of Brazil．My ancient jeep was straining up through spectacular countryside when the radiator began to leak，ten miles from the nearest mechanic．The over-heated engine forced me to stop at the next village，which consisted of a small store and a scattering of houses．People gathered to look．Three fine streams of hot water spouted from holes in the jacket of the radiator．"That's easy to fix，"a man said．He sent a boy running to some green bananas．He patted me on the shoulder，assuring me everything would work out．"Green bananas，"he smiled． Everyone agreed．
We exchanged pleasantries while I mulled over the ramifications of green banana．Asking questions would betray my ignorance，but I remarked on the beauty of the terrain．Huge rock formations，like Sugar Loaf in Rio，rose up all around us．"Do you see that tall one right over there？"asked my benefactor，pointing to a particular tall， slender pinnacle of dark rock．"That rock marks the center of the world．"
I looked to see if he were teasing me，but his face was serious．He in return inspected me carefully to be sure I grasped the significance of his statement． The occasion demanded some show of recognition on my part．"The center of the world？"I repeated，trying to convey interest if not complete acceptance．He nodded．"The absolute center．Everyone around here knows it．"
At that moment the boy returned with my green bananas．The man sliced one in half and pressed the cut end against the radiator jacket．The bananas melted into a glue against the hot metal，plugging the leaks instantly．Everyone laughed at my astonishment． They filled my radiator and gave me extra bananas to take along．An hour later，after one more application of green bananas，my radiator and I reached our destination．The local mechanic smiled．"Who taught you about the green banana？"I named the village．"Did they show you the rock marking the center of the world？"he asked．I assured him they had．"My grandfather came fromthere，"he said．"The exact center． Everyone around here has always known about it．"
本文講述了一個(gè)在巴西的美國(guó)人，因舊吉普車水箱漏水而被迫在一個(gè)小村莊停下來(lái)修理。當(dāng)?shù)卮迕裼们嘞憬抖侣┧涞霓k法，給這個(gè)美國(guó)人留下了深刻的印象。
本文用詞幽默詼諧，如My ancient jeep．．．， Asking questions would betray my ignorance．．．， An hour later，after one more application of green bananas，my radiator and I reached our destination．等，產(chǎn)生了很好的語(yǔ)言效果。
在第一段中，He sent a boy running to some green bananas．（他派一個(gè)男孩跑到青香蕉那兒去了。）從上下文來(lái)看，與At that moment the boy returned with my green bananas．（那時(shí)那個(gè)男孩帶著給我的青香蕉回來(lái)了。）不符。應(yīng)改為He sent a boy running for some green bananas．（他派一個(gè)男孩跑去取青香蕉了。）。
在第二段中，Asking questions would betray my ignorance，but I remarked on the beauty of theterrain．（問(wèn)這問(wèn)那會(huì)暴露我沒(méi)有學(xué)問(wèn)，不過(guò)我就談?wù)撈鸫颂幍貏?shì)的秀美。）可以看出此句邏輯關(guān)系混亂，因此應(yīng)改為Asking questions would betray my ignorance，so（所以）I remarked on the beauty of the terrain．
在第三段中，He in return inspected me carefully to be sure I grasped the significance of his statement．（他回報(bào)地仔細(xì)審視著我，確信我領(lǐng)會(huì)了他那番話的意義。）in return為"回報(bào)；酬勞"，應(yīng)改為He in turn（反過(guò)來(lái)）inspected me carefully to be sure I grasped the significance of his statement．
在第四段中，They filled my radiator and gave me extra bananas to take along．（他們把我的水箱灌滿了水，并額外給了我?guī)讉€(gè)香蕉帶在路上。）從第一段得知，水箱的水漏出，因此修理完后需要重新注水，應(yīng)改為T(mén)hey refilled（重新往……注水）my radiator and gave me extra ba- nanas to take along．
眾所周知，孤立的詞與用在句子中的詞是不同的；孤立的句子與組成篇章的句子也不同。所謂語(yǔ)篇分析，一方面是指判斷詞與詞在句子中通過(guò)語(yǔ)法結(jié)構(gòu)所起到的作用和意義（包括同義、近義、反義、上下義、相關(guān)義）；另一方面是指句與句之間的成分關(guān)系、結(jié)構(gòu)詞和語(yǔ)法變體；再者是指語(yǔ)篇水平上的邏輯關(guān)系，包括省略、替代、重復(fù)、比較、平行、照應(yīng)、篇章連接信號(hào)詞、寫(xiě)作體裁和風(fēng)格等。
把握層次關(guān)系，進(jìn)行語(yǔ)篇分析，就能做到前后照應(yīng)，就容易發(fā)現(xiàn)詞匯和語(yǔ)法結(jié)構(gòu)、內(nèi)容上下貫通方面的問(wèn)題，并根據(jù)上下文進(jìn)行改正。
Although it might have happened anywhere， my encounter with the green banana started on a steep mountain road in the interior of Brazil．My ancient jeep was straining up through spectacular countryside when the radiator began to leak，ten miles from the nearest mechanic．The over-heated engine forced me to stop at the next village，which consisted of a small store and a scattering of houses．People gathered to look．Three fine streams of hot water spouted from holes in the jacket of the radiator．"That's easy to fix，"a man said．He sent a boy running to some green bananas．He patted me on the shoulder，assuring me everything would work out．"Green bananas，"he smiled． Everyone agreed．
We exchanged pleasantries while I mulled over the ramifications of green banana．Asking questions would betray my ignorance，but I remarked on the beauty of the terrain．Huge rock formations，like Sugar Loaf in Rio，rose up all around us．"Do you see that tall one right over there？"asked my benefactor，pointing to a particular tall， slender pinnacle of dark rock．"That rock marks the center of the world．"
I looked to see if he were teasing me，but his face was serious．He in return inspected me carefully to be sure I grasped the significance of his statement． The occasion demanded some show of recognition on my part．"The center of the world？"I repeated，trying to convey interest if not complete acceptance．He nodded．"The absolute center．Everyone around here knows it．"
At that moment the boy returned with my green bananas．The man sliced one in half and pressed the cut end against the radiator jacket．The bananas melted into a glue against the hot metal，plugging the leaks instantly．Everyone laughed at my astonishment． They filled my radiator and gave me extra bananas to take along．An hour later，after one more application of green bananas，my radiator and I reached our destination．The local mechanic smiled．"Who taught you about the green banana？"I named the village．"Did they show you the rock marking the center of the world？"he asked．I assured him they had．"My grandfather came fromthere，"he said．"The exact center． Everyone around here has always known about it．"
本文講述了一個(gè)在巴西的美國(guó)人，因舊吉普車水箱漏水而被迫在一個(gè)小村莊停下來(lái)修理。當(dāng)?shù)卮迕裼们嘞憬抖侣┧涞霓k法，給這個(gè)美國(guó)人留下了深刻的印象。
本文用詞幽默詼諧，如My ancient jeep．．．， Asking questions would betray my ignorance．．．， An hour later，after one more application of green bananas，my radiator and I reached our destination．等，產(chǎn)生了很好的語(yǔ)言效果。
在第一段中，He sent a boy running to some green bananas．（他派一個(gè)男孩跑到青香蕉那兒去了。）從上下文來(lái)看，與At that moment the boy returned with my green bananas．（那時(shí)那個(gè)男孩帶著給我的青香蕉回來(lái)了。）不符。應(yīng)改為He sent a boy running for some green bananas．（他派一個(gè)男孩跑去取青香蕉了。）。
在第二段中，Asking questions would betray my ignorance，but I remarked on the beauty of theterrain．（問(wèn)這問(wèn)那會(huì)暴露我沒(méi)有學(xué)問(wèn)，不過(guò)我就談?wù)撈鸫颂幍貏?shì)的秀美。）可以看出此句邏輯關(guān)系混亂，因此應(yīng)改為Asking questions would betray my ignorance，so（所以）I remarked on the beauty of the terrain．
在第三段中，He in return inspected me carefully to be sure I grasped the significance of his statement．（他回報(bào)地仔細(xì)審視著我，確信我領(lǐng)會(huì)了他那番話的意義。）in return為"回報(bào)；酬勞"，應(yīng)改為He in turn（反過(guò)來(lái)）inspected me carefully to be sure I grasped the significance of his statement．
在第四段中，They filled my radiator and gave me extra bananas to take along．（他們把我的水箱灌滿了水，并額外給了我?guī)讉€(gè)香蕉帶在路上。）從第一段得知，水箱的水漏出，因此修理完后需要重新注水，應(yīng)改為T(mén)hey refilled（重新往……注水）my radiator and gave me extra ba- nanas to take along．