1. My best friend helped me choose a dissertation topic. - 我的好的朋友幫我選了論文題目。
托福常會(huì)考一些關(guān)于學(xué)習(xí)生活的句子。寫論文通常是自己選論文題目，導(dǎo)師同意了才可以寫。
Dissertation: a long piece of writing about a subject, especially one that you write as part of a university degree- (博士學(xué)位)論文;(專題)論文
還有一個(gè)意思差不多的詞thesis， 托福也考過這個(gè)詞。
Thesis: a long piece of writing about a particular subject that you do as part of an advanced university degree such as an MA or a PhD: 論文;畢業(yè)(或?qū)W位)論文
e.g. Writing a thesis on dance clubs is not as strange as it seems.
2. Linda developed the film herself.－Linda自己沖洗膠卷。
Develop這里不是"發(fā)展"的意思，而是"沖洗膠卷"。Film－膠卷
Develop: to make a photograph out of a photographic film, using chemicals-沖洗膠卷
I will have the film developed tomorrow. -我明天會(huì)把膠卷拿去沖洗。
I want to have this photo enlarged. - 我想把相片放大。
相片的底片叫做negative (noun)
3. Bill disliked doing the laundry. －Bill討厭洗衣服。
很多中國學(xué)生會(huì)說，"Bill disliked washing his clothes."這樣說也可以，但是口語中 "洗衣服"常說"do the laundry"
Laundry: [uncountable] clothes, sheets etc that need to be washed or have just been washed
洗衣店有兩種Laundromat和dry cleaner’s Laundromat是可以用水幫你洗衣服的店。我的外國朋友問我廣州有沒有Laundromat. 因?yàn)樗龥]有洗衣機(jī)，冬天水很冷，不想自己用手洗衣服。
Dry cleaner’s：干洗店。
Like doing something-喜歡做某事
I like dancing in discos.
Dislike doing something -不喜歡做某事
Tom dislikes going to the dentist.
Hate doing something －厭惡做某事
Paul hates having his photo taken.
Loathe/resent doing something－憎恨做某事
I absolutely loathe traveling.
4. I had the department secretary type my term paper.－我叫系里的秘書幫我打我的學(xué)期論文。
Have sb do something. -讓別人做某事， 托福?？冀Y(jié)構(gòu)。
Term paper-學(xué)期論文。在美國的大學(xué)，有些科目不進(jìn)行期末考，期末交一篇學(xué)期論文就當(dāng)是該科的考試。
5. Most colleges are no longer overcrowded, neither are the secondary schools. －多數(shù)大學(xué)都不再過度擁擠，中學(xué)也不是這樣了。
Neither這是初中就學(xué)過的詞，便是"也不"。
e.g. (1) He doesn’t like rock music, neither do I. - 他不喜歡搖滾音樂，我也不喜歡。
e.g. (2) Mary is not American, neither am I. －Mary不是美國人，我也不是。
Neither后面的動(dòng)詞形式取決于前面句子的動(dòng)詞。
6. Her face lit up when she saw him.－她見到他時(shí)馬上面露喜色。
Lit up的原形是light up. 從字面理解是"亮起來""突然有光"
If someone’s face or eyes light up, they show pleasure, excitement. 是指面露喜色或是顯得興奮。
常用搭配：Light up with joy/pride/glee.
7. After the cake had cooled, I put frosting on it.
Frosting(在糕餅上的)糖霜混合物, 英國人稱為 "icing"
8. The program will be on in a quarter of an hour. －這個(gè)節(jié)目將會(huì)在15分鐘后播放。 On指電視或是電臺節(jié)目開播。
在【瀟瀟語言實(shí)驗(yàn)室22集】提到quarter有幾個(gè)意思，這里的quarter是15分鐘。
9. Judge Gray was never known for his leniency toward criminals. Gray法官向來都不是以對犯人仁慈聞名的。（言下之意，他對犯人不留情。）
Be known for/be famous for/be noted for－以。。。。。聞名
10. Mark has decided to run against Jack for treasurer. －Mark和Jack競爭財(cái)務(wù)部長的職位。
Run for a position:參加競選一個(gè)職位。 Run against somebody for a position-和某人競爭一個(gè)職位。
e.g. Bob Dole’s running for President. －Bob Dole正在競選總統(tǒng)職位。
11. W: I need to make a hotel reservation for the conference. -我要給這次會(huì)議頂酒店。
Make a reservation預(yù)定，可以是在餐廳預(yù)定位置，在酒店預(yù)定房間，或是預(yù)定機(jī)票。托福常考的情形就是這幾種。
M: How about having the travel agent do it? －叫旅行社幫忙預(yù)定怎么樣。
How about doing something:這個(gè)句型常用來提建議。
A: I can’t decide where to eat out. －我決定不了去哪吃飯。
B: How about going to the McDonald’s? －去麥當(dāng)勞怎么樣？
Eat out－是指出去餐館吃飯。
"我么今天晚上出去吃飯吧"這句話很多中國學(xué)生容易說成，"Let’s go out to eat tonight."事實(shí)上，口語中的表達(dá)是，"Let’s eat out tonight."
12. W: How about some more apple pie, Bob? -Bob，在再吃點(diǎn)蘋果派吧。
M: You wouldn’t have to force me to take another helping. －你不用逼我，我也會(huì)再吃多一份的。（言下之意是這蘋果派很好吃，你不用逼我，我也會(huì)自己多吃些。）
Helping：(食物的)一份,一客
Force sb to do sth. -逼某人做某事。
13. M: I’ll have to repair this old knapsack (背包) again.
W: Will it do any good? －這有用么？ （這樣做有好處么？）言下之意是她不贊成補(bǔ)那個(gè)背包，還不如買個(gè)新的算了。
e.g. (1) Smoking does you no good.－吸煙對你沒有好處。
e.g. (2) Drinking hot milk before bed will do you good. －睡覺錢喝熱牛奶對你有好處。
14. M: Would you tell Paul I’m sorry I lost his radio?－你能不能告訴Paul我很抱歉我弄丟了他的收音機(jī)。
W: Hadn’t you better tell him yourself? -你自己告訴他不是更好么？
英文中常用 You’d better do something來提建議，這里是用了這個(gè)句型的反問句型Hadn’t you better do something?
15. W: Can you take me to the Palace Restaurant quickly? I’m ten minutes late already.
M: I don’t know. I’ll try. But with traffic this heavy, it will take at least twenty more.
With traffic this heavy -交通這么擁擠， this 在這里的是"這么,這樣地"的意思。表程度。
That有類似的用法：That－那樣,那么 （表程度）
e.g. (1) Is the problem that easy?
問題有那么簡單嗎?
e.g. (2) Things are not that bad. －事情并沒有那么糟糕。
16. W: Weren’t you nervous when the professor called on you? －教授叫你回答問題時(shí)你是不是很緊張。
M: I’ll say. I shook all over. －是的，我全身都發(fā)抖。
我們在中學(xué)課本學(xué)過call on sb.是拜訪某人的意思。
call on sb：to visit someone for a short time
e.g. I’d like to call on Annal while I’m in London.
但是在美式英文中，call on sb.有另外的意思：(American) to ask a person in a group of people to answer a question or to give their opinion about something －提問某人，或是叫某人發(fā)表意見。
She was afraid the teacher would call on her and she wouldn’t know the answer.－她怕老師提問她時(shí)她不知道答案.
"I’ll say"是表示同意對方說的話。
類似的表達(dá)方法還有：You bet/You said it/You can say that again./You hit the nail on the head. 這些句子都是表示贊成對方說的話，托福聽力都考過。
17. W: Why do you always put on slippers(拖鞋) when you go into your apartment? －你進(jìn)你的公寓時(shí)為什么總是穿上拖鞋。
18. M: It saves wear and tear on the carpet. －這樣會(huì)減少對地毯的磨損。
wear and tear: [often + on]the damage that happens to an object or a person when they are used or when they do something －使用一樣?xùn)|西對這樣?xùn)|西產(chǎn)生的磨損。這個(gè)短語也可以用于人。指事情對人的損耗。
e.g. (1)She made everyone wear slippers inside the house to avoid wear and tear on the carpet. -
e.g. (2) The wear and tear of life in a busy office has taken its toll on our staff.
take a/its/their toll: to have a bad effect on someone or something －對某事產(chǎn)生不好的影響，尤其指身心的損耗。
Bringing up nine children had taken its toll on my mother. [often + on]
The disease has taken a horrendous toll in parts of western Africa.
19. W: Which do you prefer? The striped (條紋的), the polka dot（圓點(diǎn)花樣的） or the plaid（有格子圖案的）?
M: Actually I like the solid orange best. －事實(shí)上，我喜歡純橙色。
solid是只有一種顏色，沒有其他花紋或是圖案。Solid blue-純藍(lán)色
20. In other words, lightening quickly heats the air and causes thunder.
In other words:換句話說
21. The radio station is going to be on around the clock. －這個(gè)電臺將24小時(shí)開播。
Around the clock－24小時(shí)。托福?？级陶Z。
托福常會(huì)考一些關(guān)于學(xué)習(xí)生活的句子。寫論文通常是自己選論文題目，導(dǎo)師同意了才可以寫。
Dissertation: a long piece of writing about a subject, especially one that you write as part of a university degree- (博士學(xué)位)論文;(專題)論文
還有一個(gè)意思差不多的詞thesis， 托福也考過這個(gè)詞。
Thesis: a long piece of writing about a particular subject that you do as part of an advanced university degree such as an MA or a PhD: 論文;畢業(yè)(或?qū)W位)論文
e.g. Writing a thesis on dance clubs is not as strange as it seems.
2. Linda developed the film herself.－Linda自己沖洗膠卷。
Develop這里不是"發(fā)展"的意思，而是"沖洗膠卷"。Film－膠卷
Develop: to make a photograph out of a photographic film, using chemicals-沖洗膠卷
I will have the film developed tomorrow. -我明天會(huì)把膠卷拿去沖洗。
I want to have this photo enlarged. - 我想把相片放大。
相片的底片叫做negative (noun)
3. Bill disliked doing the laundry. －Bill討厭洗衣服。
很多中國學(xué)生會(huì)說，"Bill disliked washing his clothes."這樣說也可以，但是口語中 "洗衣服"常說"do the laundry"
Laundry: [uncountable] clothes, sheets etc that need to be washed or have just been washed
洗衣店有兩種Laundromat和dry cleaner’s Laundromat是可以用水幫你洗衣服的店。我的外國朋友問我廣州有沒有Laundromat. 因?yàn)樗龥]有洗衣機(jī)，冬天水很冷，不想自己用手洗衣服。
Dry cleaner’s：干洗店。
Like doing something-喜歡做某事
I like dancing in discos.
Dislike doing something -不喜歡做某事
Tom dislikes going to the dentist.
Hate doing something －厭惡做某事
Paul hates having his photo taken.
Loathe/resent doing something－憎恨做某事
I absolutely loathe traveling.
4. I had the department secretary type my term paper.－我叫系里的秘書幫我打我的學(xué)期論文。
Have sb do something. -讓別人做某事， 托福?？冀Y(jié)構(gòu)。
Term paper-學(xué)期論文。在美國的大學(xué)，有些科目不進(jìn)行期末考，期末交一篇學(xué)期論文就當(dāng)是該科的考試。
5. Most colleges are no longer overcrowded, neither are the secondary schools. －多數(shù)大學(xué)都不再過度擁擠，中學(xué)也不是這樣了。
Neither這是初中就學(xué)過的詞，便是"也不"。
e.g. (1) He doesn’t like rock music, neither do I. - 他不喜歡搖滾音樂，我也不喜歡。
e.g. (2) Mary is not American, neither am I. －Mary不是美國人，我也不是。
Neither后面的動(dòng)詞形式取決于前面句子的動(dòng)詞。
6. Her face lit up when she saw him.－她見到他時(shí)馬上面露喜色。
Lit up的原形是light up. 從字面理解是"亮起來""突然有光"
If someone’s face or eyes light up, they show pleasure, excitement. 是指面露喜色或是顯得興奮。
常用搭配：Light up with joy/pride/glee.
7. After the cake had cooled, I put frosting on it.
Frosting(在糕餅上的)糖霜混合物, 英國人稱為 "icing"
8. The program will be on in a quarter of an hour. －這個(gè)節(jié)目將會(huì)在15分鐘后播放。 On指電視或是電臺節(jié)目開播。
在【瀟瀟語言實(shí)驗(yàn)室22集】提到quarter有幾個(gè)意思，這里的quarter是15分鐘。
9. Judge Gray was never known for his leniency toward criminals. Gray法官向來都不是以對犯人仁慈聞名的。（言下之意，他對犯人不留情。）
Be known for/be famous for/be noted for－以。。。。。聞名
10. Mark has decided to run against Jack for treasurer. －Mark和Jack競爭財(cái)務(wù)部長的職位。
Run for a position:參加競選一個(gè)職位。 Run against somebody for a position-和某人競爭一個(gè)職位。
e.g. Bob Dole’s running for President. －Bob Dole正在競選總統(tǒng)職位。
11. W: I need to make a hotel reservation for the conference. -我要給這次會(huì)議頂酒店。
Make a reservation預(yù)定，可以是在餐廳預(yù)定位置，在酒店預(yù)定房間，或是預(yù)定機(jī)票。托福常考的情形就是這幾種。
M: How about having the travel agent do it? －叫旅行社幫忙預(yù)定怎么樣。
How about doing something:這個(gè)句型常用來提建議。
A: I can’t decide where to eat out. －我決定不了去哪吃飯。
B: How about going to the McDonald’s? －去麥當(dāng)勞怎么樣？
Eat out－是指出去餐館吃飯。
"我么今天晚上出去吃飯吧"這句話很多中國學(xué)生容易說成，"Let’s go out to eat tonight."事實(shí)上，口語中的表達(dá)是，"Let’s eat out tonight."
12. W: How about some more apple pie, Bob? -Bob，在再吃點(diǎn)蘋果派吧。
M: You wouldn’t have to force me to take another helping. －你不用逼我，我也會(huì)再吃多一份的。（言下之意是這蘋果派很好吃，你不用逼我，我也會(huì)自己多吃些。）
Helping：(食物的)一份,一客
Force sb to do sth. -逼某人做某事。
13. M: I’ll have to repair this old knapsack (背包) again.
W: Will it do any good? －這有用么？ （這樣做有好處么？）言下之意是她不贊成補(bǔ)那個(gè)背包，還不如買個(gè)新的算了。
e.g. (1) Smoking does you no good.－吸煙對你沒有好處。
e.g. (2) Drinking hot milk before bed will do you good. －睡覺錢喝熱牛奶對你有好處。
14. M: Would you tell Paul I’m sorry I lost his radio?－你能不能告訴Paul我很抱歉我弄丟了他的收音機(jī)。
W: Hadn’t you better tell him yourself? -你自己告訴他不是更好么？
英文中常用 You’d better do something來提建議，這里是用了這個(gè)句型的反問句型Hadn’t you better do something?
15. W: Can you take me to the Palace Restaurant quickly? I’m ten minutes late already.
M: I don’t know. I’ll try. But with traffic this heavy, it will take at least twenty more.
With traffic this heavy -交通這么擁擠， this 在這里的是"這么,這樣地"的意思。表程度。
That有類似的用法：That－那樣,那么 （表程度）
e.g. (1) Is the problem that easy?
問題有那么簡單嗎?
e.g. (2) Things are not that bad. －事情并沒有那么糟糕。
16. W: Weren’t you nervous when the professor called on you? －教授叫你回答問題時(shí)你是不是很緊張。
M: I’ll say. I shook all over. －是的，我全身都發(fā)抖。
我們在中學(xué)課本學(xué)過call on sb.是拜訪某人的意思。
call on sb：to visit someone for a short time
e.g. I’d like to call on Annal while I’m in London.
但是在美式英文中，call on sb.有另外的意思：(American) to ask a person in a group of people to answer a question or to give their opinion about something －提問某人，或是叫某人發(fā)表意見。
She was afraid the teacher would call on her and she wouldn’t know the answer.－她怕老師提問她時(shí)她不知道答案.
"I’ll say"是表示同意對方說的話。
類似的表達(dá)方法還有：You bet/You said it/You can say that again./You hit the nail on the head. 這些句子都是表示贊成對方說的話，托福聽力都考過。
17. W: Why do you always put on slippers(拖鞋) when you go into your apartment? －你進(jìn)你的公寓時(shí)為什么總是穿上拖鞋。
18. M: It saves wear and tear on the carpet. －這樣會(huì)減少對地毯的磨損。
wear and tear: [often + on]the damage that happens to an object or a person when they are used or when they do something －使用一樣?xùn)|西對這樣?xùn)|西產(chǎn)生的磨損。這個(gè)短語也可以用于人。指事情對人的損耗。
e.g. (1)She made everyone wear slippers inside the house to avoid wear and tear on the carpet. -
e.g. (2) The wear and tear of life in a busy office has taken its toll on our staff.
take a/its/their toll: to have a bad effect on someone or something －對某事產(chǎn)生不好的影響，尤其指身心的損耗。
Bringing up nine children had taken its toll on my mother. [often + on]
The disease has taken a horrendous toll in parts of western Africa.
19. W: Which do you prefer? The striped (條紋的), the polka dot（圓點(diǎn)花樣的） or the plaid（有格子圖案的）?
M: Actually I like the solid orange best. －事實(shí)上，我喜歡純橙色。
solid是只有一種顏色，沒有其他花紋或是圖案。Solid blue-純藍(lán)色
20. In other words, lightening quickly heats the air and causes thunder.
In other words:換句話說
21. The radio station is going to be on around the clock. －這個(gè)電臺將24小時(shí)開播。
Around the clock－24小時(shí)。托福?？级陶Z。