相似詞語(yǔ)辨析【87】infectious,contagious

字號(hào):

infectious,contagious
    這一對(duì)詞都是形容詞,又都具有“傳染性的”、“傳染病的”意義,但內(nèi)涵和使用場(chǎng)合有所不同。
    Infectious disease 是“間接傳染的病”,指病菌通過(guò)空氣、食物、水、衣服、容器等物的傳染。例:
    Tuberculosis is an infectious disease.
    肺結(jié)核是一種傳染病。
    It's said that cancer is not infectious.
    據(jù)說(shuō)癌癥是不會(huì)傳染的。
    Contagious disease 是“直接傳染的病”,一般指跟病人直接接觸而感染的病。例:
    Scarlet fever is a contagious disease.
    猩紅熱是一種傳染病。
    Measles and aids are highly contagious.
    麻疹和艾滋病是很易傳染的。
    這兩個(gè)詞用作轉(zhuǎn)義時(shí),可以互換使用,它們都表示“感化”、“感染”之意。例如:
    The enthusiasm for the pop-singer is contagious.
    He stood there like a fool amid the infectious laughter of his friends.
    Infectious 的名詞是 infection;contagious的名詞是contagion.