為幫助準(zhǔn)備2007年同等學(xué)力考試，現(xiàn)在為你們講講英語(yǔ)基礎(chǔ)語(yǔ)法，今天給大家講講定語(yǔ)從句 Attributive Clause，定語(yǔ)從句包括限制性定語(yǔ)從句、非限制性定語(yǔ)從句。
一、概述構(gòu)成：先行詞 + 關(guān)系詞 關(guān)系代詞 + 從句關(guān)系副詞如：This is the book that we want.先行詞一定在主句當(dāng)中，一定在從句前面。
關(guān)系代詞：that， which， whose， who， whom what（all that）， than， but， as關(guān)系副詞：when， where， why， （how）
先行詞
主格
賓格
所有格
人
Who
Whom
Whose
物
Which
Which
Of which（whose）
人/物
that
that
二、關(guān)系代詞1. 一致性（先行詞與從句中的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的一致性）
⑴ that， which， who引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句如：We want a girl who knows English. We want three girls who know English.⑵ one of + 復(fù)數(shù)名詞 + 關(guān)系詞 + 從句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞（復(fù)數(shù)）
如：She is one of the few students who have passed the exam.⑶ the only one of +復(fù)數(shù)名詞+關(guān)系詞+從句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞（單數(shù)）
如：She is the only one of students who has passed the exam.
2. which與that的區(qū)別⑴ 只用which的情況a） 介賓如：We have a house which we live in. We have a house in which we live. We have a house where we live. She left the day when we left. When=on which The moment when I saw her， I came up to her. When=at which b） 非限定性定語(yǔ)從句如：We‘ll have a meeting， which is very important. We live in a house， the door of which is broken.
⑵ 只用that的情況a） 先行詞是不定代詞如：All that glitters is not gold. 不定代詞作主語(yǔ)，后用單數(shù)形式b） 先行詞被不定代詞所修飾如：All the classmates that are my close friends are good students. c） 先行詞被級(jí)所修飾如：This is the best film I have ever seen. d） 先行詞被序數(shù)詞所修飾如：It is the first time that I have seen such an interesting film. e） 先行詞被only， very所修飾如：She is the very student that I like best. The only thing that I want to do is to go shopping. f） 先行詞既有人又有物如：What about the two kids and the big parcel that you saved from the fire？
⑶ as與which（非限定性定語(yǔ)從句）的區(qū)別as 正如，正像 which=and it/this as的位置可前、中、后，which不能在前如：As has been explained， we are innocent.⑷ whose與of which的區(qū)別whose + n. = the + n. + of which如：We had a meeting whose purpose was not clear. We had a meeting， the purpose of which was not clear.⑸ but引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句如：There is no one but wish to make money. But=which/who/that…not…
只出現(xiàn)在限制性定語(yǔ)從句中，一般是there be句型中⑹ than引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句如：There is more to it than meets to eye. 眼睛看到的并不是全部。
There are more demands than can be satisfied. a） than主句有比較級(jí)b） than可修飾人，也可修飾物c） than后引導(dǎo)謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞是單數(shù)
三、定語(yǔ)從句的分隔現(xiàn)象They kept it quiet that he was dead. 1.介詞短語(yǔ)分隔如：Only nature-born civilians of the United States who have attained the age of 35 years old and who lived in the United States for 14 years may be elected president. 2.主句主語(yǔ)過(guò)長(zhǎng)，而主句謂語(yǔ)過(guò)遠(yuǎn)，被謂語(yǔ)分隔如：In practice， what often happen is that a new theory is devised that is an extension of the previous theory.
一、概述構(gòu)成：先行詞 + 關(guān)系詞 關(guān)系代詞 + 從句關(guān)系副詞如：This is the book that we want.先行詞一定在主句當(dāng)中，一定在從句前面。
關(guān)系代詞：that， which， whose， who， whom what（all that）， than， but， as關(guān)系副詞：when， where， why， （how）
先行詞
主格
賓格
所有格
人
Who
Whom
Whose
物
Which
Which
Of which（whose）
人/物
that
that
二、關(guān)系代詞1. 一致性（先行詞與從句中的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的一致性）
⑴ that， which， who引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句如：We want a girl who knows English. We want three girls who know English.⑵ one of + 復(fù)數(shù)名詞 + 關(guān)系詞 + 從句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞（復(fù)數(shù)）
如：She is one of the few students who have passed the exam.⑶ the only one of +復(fù)數(shù)名詞+關(guān)系詞+從句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞（單數(shù)）
如：She is the only one of students who has passed the exam.
2. which與that的區(qū)別⑴ 只用which的情況a） 介賓如：We have a house which we live in. We have a house in which we live. We have a house where we live. She left the day when we left. When=on which The moment when I saw her， I came up to her. When=at which b） 非限定性定語(yǔ)從句如：We‘ll have a meeting， which is very important. We live in a house， the door of which is broken.
⑵ 只用that的情況a） 先行詞是不定代詞如：All that glitters is not gold. 不定代詞作主語(yǔ)，后用單數(shù)形式b） 先行詞被不定代詞所修飾如：All the classmates that are my close friends are good students. c） 先行詞被級(jí)所修飾如：This is the best film I have ever seen. d） 先行詞被序數(shù)詞所修飾如：It is the first time that I have seen such an interesting film. e） 先行詞被only， very所修飾如：She is the very student that I like best. The only thing that I want to do is to go shopping. f） 先行詞既有人又有物如：What about the two kids and the big parcel that you saved from the fire？
⑶ as與which（非限定性定語(yǔ)從句）的區(qū)別as 正如，正像 which=and it/this as的位置可前、中、后，which不能在前如：As has been explained， we are innocent.⑷ whose與of which的區(qū)別whose + n. = the + n. + of which如：We had a meeting whose purpose was not clear. We had a meeting， the purpose of which was not clear.⑸ but引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句如：There is no one but wish to make money. But=which/who/that…not…
只出現(xiàn)在限制性定語(yǔ)從句中，一般是there be句型中⑹ than引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句如：There is more to it than meets to eye. 眼睛看到的并不是全部。
There are more demands than can be satisfied. a） than主句有比較級(jí)b） than可修飾人，也可修飾物c） than后引導(dǎo)謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞是單數(shù)
三、定語(yǔ)從句的分隔現(xiàn)象They kept it quiet that he was dead. 1.介詞短語(yǔ)分隔如：Only nature-born civilians of the United States who have attained the age of 35 years old and who lived in the United States for 14 years may be elected president. 2.主句主語(yǔ)過(guò)長(zhǎng)，而主句謂語(yǔ)過(guò)遠(yuǎn)，被謂語(yǔ)分隔如：In practice， what often happen is that a new theory is devised that is an extension of the previous theory.