《考研英語難句突破300句》44

字號(hào):

1999 Passage 4
    17. Declaring that he was opposed to using this unusual animal husbandry technique to clone humans,he ordered that federal funds not be used for such an experiment—although no one had proposed to do so—and asked an independent panel of experts chaired by Princeton President Harold Shapiro to report back to the White House in 90 days with recommendations for a national policy on human cloning.
    「譯文」 他宣稱反對利用這種非同尋常的畜牧業(yè)技術(shù)去克隆人,并下令禁止使用聯(lián)邦資金做這樣的實(shí)驗(yàn)——盡管還沒有人提議要那樣做——并責(zé)成成立一個(gè)由普林斯頓大學(xué)校長哈羅德·夏皮羅為首的獨(dú)立專家小組,在90天內(nèi)拿出有關(guān)克隆人的國家政策的建議,向白宮匯報(bào)。
    「析句」 這是一個(gè)長句,主語是he,謂語是ordered和asked.現(xiàn)在分詞短語(Declaring that… to clone humans)作伴隨狀語,其中又包含一個(gè)that引導(dǎo)的賓語從句。ordered跟了一個(gè)賓語從句,asked跟了一個(gè)名詞短語,它由過去分詞chaired修飾,其中含一個(gè)表示目的的不定式。
    「講詞」 注意句中一些詞組的翻譯,如animal husbandry technique(畜牧業(yè)技術(shù)),an independent panel of experts(一個(gè)獨(dú)立的專家小組),report back(匯報(bào)),national policy(國家政策),human cloning(克隆人)。
    18. NBAC will ask that Clinton's 90-day ban on federal funds for human cloning be extended indefinitely,and possibly that it be made law.
    「譯文」 NBAC將要求克林頓總統(tǒng)頒布的禁止使用聯(lián)邦資金克隆人的90天禁令無限期延長,并且還可能要求將之立法。
    「析句」 這個(gè)句子的主語是NBAC,謂語ask后面是兩個(gè)并列的賓語從句,從句都用了虛擬語氣的謂語形式,即省略了should,謂語動(dòng)詞用原形be.在第一個(gè)從句中,主語是 ban,謂語是be extended,即the 90-day ban should be extended.在第二個(gè)從句中, it指代the ban on federal funds for human cloning.
    「講詞」 ban作動(dòng)詞時(shí)表示“禁止”,作名詞意為“禁令”。The book was banned after its publication.(這本書在出版后遭禁。)South Dakota legislators today gave final approval for a ban on almost all abortions.(今天南達(dá)科他州的立法議員最終批準(zhǔn)了禁止幾乎所有墮胎的禁令。)
    19. In a draft preface to the recommendations,discussed at the 17 May meeting,Shapiro suggested that the panel had found a broad consensus that it would be “morally unacceptable to attempt to create a human child by adult nuclear cloning.”
    「譯文」 在5月17日會(huì)議上討論的建議序言草案中,夏皮羅表示,專家組已取得廣泛的共識(shí),認(rèn)為“試圖利用成人細(xì)胞核克隆嬰兒是違背道德倫理的”。
    「析句」 這個(gè)簡單句的主干其實(shí)就是Shapiro suggested that…。主語前面的部分是該句的狀語,其中recommendations后面的過去分詞結(jié)構(gòu)是表明時(shí)間的修飾成分。主句的賓語從句中包含了一個(gè)consensus的同位語從句,解釋的是consensus的內(nèi)容,這個(gè)同位語從句中的it充當(dāng)?shù)氖切问街髡Z,真正的主語是后面的不定式to attempt to create a human child by adult nuclear cloning.
    「講詞」 consensus意為“共識(shí)”或“一致意見”。The voters consensus was that the measure should be adopted.(選民一致同意采取這個(gè)措施。) The two countries would actively implement the consensus reached between their leaders.(兩國將積極實(shí)施兩國領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人所達(dá)成的共識(shí)。)
    20. Because current federal law already forbids the use of federal funds to create embryos(the earliest stage of human offspring before birth) for research or to knowingly endanger an embryo's life,NBAC will remain silent on embryo research.
    「譯文」 因?yàn)楝F(xiàn)行的聯(lián)邦法律已經(jīng)禁止使用聯(lián)邦基金克隆研究用的胚胎(人類子代出生前的最早階段)或有意識(shí)地危及胚胎的生命,NBAC在胚胎研究這一問題上保持沉默。
    「析句」 because引導(dǎo)的原因狀語從句的賓語是use,of短語說明了use的對象(federal funds),隨后是兩個(gè)并列的不定式短語,表明用途(create embryos;to knowingly endanger an embryo's life),其中括號(hào)里的內(nèi)容是對embryos的解釋,然后才是主句,注意介詞on(關(guān)于)的用法。
    這個(gè)句子的關(guān)鍵在于use后面的修飾成分,尤其是兩個(gè)to不定式的意義,說明了禁止的內(nèi)容。再者注意括號(hào)里對embryos的解釋。
    「講詞」 endanger意為“危及”。The polluted air in the city is badly endangering the health of the residents.(城里被污染的空氣正嚴(yán)重地危及居民的健康。)Volunteers will respect the cultural values of the local population,in an effort not to endanger the project.(志愿人員將尊重當(dāng)?shù)厝嗣竦奈幕瘍r(jià)值,盡量避免危及這一項(xiàng)目。)