1998 Passage 3
11. Think of Galileo's 17thcentury trial for his rebelling belief before the Catholic Church or poet William Blake's harsh remarks against the mechanistic worldview of Isaac Newton.
「譯文」 想想看,17世紀伽利略因其叛逆性的信仰而遭到天主教會的審判,詩人威廉·布萊克對艾薩克·牛頓的機械世界觀提出尖銳的批判。
「析句」 這是一個類似祈使句的無主語句,句子的主干其實是Think of Galileo's 17thcentury trial… or Blake's harsh remarks.由于賓語較長,在譯成漢語時,應該調整句子的結構,以免句子的結構顯得不平衡。
「講詞」 remark意為“評論;言論”,但是如果remark(s)后面接介詞against,那么通常表示“批評”。像word(s),statement,comment等都是如此。He denied that he had made any remarks against the leadership of the party.(他否認他曾批評過該黨的領導人。)
12. Defenders of science have also voiced their concerns at meetings such as “The Flight from Science and Reason,” held in New York City in 1995,and “Science in the Age of (Mis)information,” which assembled last June near Buffalo.
「譯文」 科學的捍衛(wèi)者們也在一些會議上表示了他們的擔憂,如1995年在紐約舉行的“遠離科學和理性”會議,以及去年6月在布法羅附近召開的“信息(迷信息)時代的科學”會議。
「析句」 句子的主干(Defenders have voiced their concerns at meeting)并不復雜,但是介詞短語較長。such as引導的成分是meetings的同位語,舉例介紹了兩個會議,并且說明了會議的名稱以及時間和地點。
「講詞」 voice在句中作動詞,意為“表達”。At the meeting,he voiced his opposition to the policy.(他在會上表達了他對這項政策的反對意見。)The president voiced his satisfaction with regard to the bilateral relations.(總統(tǒng)對兩國的關系表示滿意。)
assemble意為“集合;聚集;裝配”。All the students assembled in the school auditorium.(所有的學生都到學校的禮堂集合了。)His area of research is self assembled nanostructures.(他的研究領域是自組裝納米結構。)
13. A survey of news stories in 1996 reveals that the anti-science tag has been attached to many other groups as well,from authorities who advocated the elimination of the last remaining stocks of smallpox virus to Republicans who advocated decreased funding for basic research.
「譯文」 1996年對新聞報道的調查表明,反科學的標簽也貼在了許多其他群體上,其中包括宣揚消滅所有現(xiàn)存的天花病毒的官方人士,以及宣揚削減基礎研究基金的共和黨人。
「析句」 句子的主干(A survey reveals that…)比較簡單,復雜之處是many other groups的同位語。為了舉例說明many other groups,作者列舉了兩種:一是 authorities who advocated the elimination of the last remaining stocks of smallpox virus,一是Republicans who advocated decreased funding for basic research.
「講詞」 attach本意為“系上,縛上,貼上”,但是常見的詞義是“附加,附屬”。We will provide you with a loan with no conditions attached.(我們會無條件給你提供一筆貸款。)I can't open the file attached to the email.(我打不開電郵的文檔附件。)
14. Few would dispute that the term applies to the Unabomber,whose manifesto,published in 1995,scorns science and longs for return to a pretechnological utopia.
「譯文」 將該詞用在“炸彈手”(the Unabomber)身上不會引起多大爭議,“炸彈手”曾在1995年公開發(fā)表聲明,蔑視科學并且渴望回到前技術時代的理想社會。
「析句」 句子的主干結構是Few would dispute…,賓語是that從句。而從句的賓語the Unabomber又跟了一個定語從句,其主語是manifesto,謂語是scorns和longs.過去分詞短語published in 1995是manifesto的后置定語。
「講詞」 manifesto意為“宣言,聲明”。Communist Manifesto(共產黨宣言)。
the Unabomber是FBI(聯(lián)邦調查局)為Ted Kaczynski所起的外號,此人是郵寄炸彈的恐怖分子,在近二十年里往學校和航空部門寄了無數(shù)炸彈,導致多人死亡和受傷。 Unabomber的全稱是university and airline bomber.
long意為“渴望”。I long for the day when all of us are free.(我渴望有那么一天,我們所有的人都自由自在。)Wealth has always been what some people long for.(有些人老是渴望財富。)
15. The true enemies of science,argues Paul Ehrlich of Stanford University,a pioneer of environmental studies,are those who question the evidence supporting global warming,the depletion of the ozone layer and other consequences of industrial growth.
「譯文」 斯坦福大學的保羅·埃利希是環(huán)境研究的先驅者,他認為全球變暖、臭氧層缺失和工業(yè)增長帶來的其他后果都有證可稽,而對這些證據表示質疑的人正是科學的真正敵人。
「析句」 句子的主干結構是The true enemies of science…are those…。插入成分(argues Paul Ehrlich of Stanford University,a pioneer of environmental studies)較長,表示是誰提出了這種觀點。在修飾those的定語從句中,注意supporting global warming,the depletion of the ozone layer and other consequences of industrial growth是the evidence的定語。
「講詞」 question作動詞時表示“提問;詢問;質疑”。He was questioned by the police.(他接受了警察的訊問。)Ill quit if you question my loyalty.(如果你懷疑我的忠誠,那我就辭職。)
16. “The term 'anti-science' can lump together too many, quite different things,” notes Harvard University philosopher Gerald Holton in his 1993 work Science and AntiScience,“They have in common only one thing that they tend to annoy or threaten those who regard themselves as more enlightened.”
「譯文」 “'反科學這個詞可以涵蓋很多截然不同的東西,”哈佛大學的哲學家杰拉爾德·霍爾頓在其1993年的著作《科學和反科學》中寫道:“它們惟一的共同點就是會激怒或威脅那些自以為比別人更有見識的人?!?BR> 「析句」 句子分為三個部分,只有最后一部分較復雜。在最后一個分句中,注意賓語是one thing,其后面跟了一個同位語從句,以說明one thing in common(一個共同之處)。而在同位語從句中,賓語跟了一個定語從句(who regard themselves as more enlightened)。
「講詞」 lump together意為include(包括在一起)。
enlightened意為“開明的;有知識的;進步的”。enlightened age(文明時代)。 An enlightened government should permit the free expression of political opinion.(一個開明的政府應當允許自由發(fā)表政見。)
11. Think of Galileo's 17thcentury trial for his rebelling belief before the Catholic Church or poet William Blake's harsh remarks against the mechanistic worldview of Isaac Newton.
「譯文」 想想看,17世紀伽利略因其叛逆性的信仰而遭到天主教會的審判,詩人威廉·布萊克對艾薩克·牛頓的機械世界觀提出尖銳的批判。
「析句」 這是一個類似祈使句的無主語句,句子的主干其實是Think of Galileo's 17thcentury trial… or Blake's harsh remarks.由于賓語較長,在譯成漢語時,應該調整句子的結構,以免句子的結構顯得不平衡。
「講詞」 remark意為“評論;言論”,但是如果remark(s)后面接介詞against,那么通常表示“批評”。像word(s),statement,comment等都是如此。He denied that he had made any remarks against the leadership of the party.(他否認他曾批評過該黨的領導人。)
12. Defenders of science have also voiced their concerns at meetings such as “The Flight from Science and Reason,” held in New York City in 1995,and “Science in the Age of (Mis)information,” which assembled last June near Buffalo.
「譯文」 科學的捍衛(wèi)者們也在一些會議上表示了他們的擔憂,如1995年在紐約舉行的“遠離科學和理性”會議,以及去年6月在布法羅附近召開的“信息(迷信息)時代的科學”會議。
「析句」 句子的主干(Defenders have voiced their concerns at meeting)并不復雜,但是介詞短語較長。such as引導的成分是meetings的同位語,舉例介紹了兩個會議,并且說明了會議的名稱以及時間和地點。
「講詞」 voice在句中作動詞,意為“表達”。At the meeting,he voiced his opposition to the policy.(他在會上表達了他對這項政策的反對意見。)The president voiced his satisfaction with regard to the bilateral relations.(總統(tǒng)對兩國的關系表示滿意。)
assemble意為“集合;聚集;裝配”。All the students assembled in the school auditorium.(所有的學生都到學校的禮堂集合了。)His area of research is self assembled nanostructures.(他的研究領域是自組裝納米結構。)
13. A survey of news stories in 1996 reveals that the anti-science tag has been attached to many other groups as well,from authorities who advocated the elimination of the last remaining stocks of smallpox virus to Republicans who advocated decreased funding for basic research.
「譯文」 1996年對新聞報道的調查表明,反科學的標簽也貼在了許多其他群體上,其中包括宣揚消滅所有現(xiàn)存的天花病毒的官方人士,以及宣揚削減基礎研究基金的共和黨人。
「析句」 句子的主干(A survey reveals that…)比較簡單,復雜之處是many other groups的同位語。為了舉例說明many other groups,作者列舉了兩種:一是 authorities who advocated the elimination of the last remaining stocks of smallpox virus,一是Republicans who advocated decreased funding for basic research.
「講詞」 attach本意為“系上,縛上,貼上”,但是常見的詞義是“附加,附屬”。We will provide you with a loan with no conditions attached.(我們會無條件給你提供一筆貸款。)I can't open the file attached to the email.(我打不開電郵的文檔附件。)
14. Few would dispute that the term applies to the Unabomber,whose manifesto,published in 1995,scorns science and longs for return to a pretechnological utopia.
「譯文」 將該詞用在“炸彈手”(the Unabomber)身上不會引起多大爭議,“炸彈手”曾在1995年公開發(fā)表聲明,蔑視科學并且渴望回到前技術時代的理想社會。
「析句」 句子的主干結構是Few would dispute…,賓語是that從句。而從句的賓語the Unabomber又跟了一個定語從句,其主語是manifesto,謂語是scorns和longs.過去分詞短語published in 1995是manifesto的后置定語。
「講詞」 manifesto意為“宣言,聲明”。Communist Manifesto(共產黨宣言)。
the Unabomber是FBI(聯(lián)邦調查局)為Ted Kaczynski所起的外號,此人是郵寄炸彈的恐怖分子,在近二十年里往學校和航空部門寄了無數(shù)炸彈,導致多人死亡和受傷。 Unabomber的全稱是university and airline bomber.
long意為“渴望”。I long for the day when all of us are free.(我渴望有那么一天,我們所有的人都自由自在。)Wealth has always been what some people long for.(有些人老是渴望財富。)
15. The true enemies of science,argues Paul Ehrlich of Stanford University,a pioneer of environmental studies,are those who question the evidence supporting global warming,the depletion of the ozone layer and other consequences of industrial growth.
「譯文」 斯坦福大學的保羅·埃利希是環(huán)境研究的先驅者,他認為全球變暖、臭氧層缺失和工業(yè)增長帶來的其他后果都有證可稽,而對這些證據表示質疑的人正是科學的真正敵人。
「析句」 句子的主干結構是The true enemies of science…are those…。插入成分(argues Paul Ehrlich of Stanford University,a pioneer of environmental studies)較長,表示是誰提出了這種觀點。在修飾those的定語從句中,注意supporting global warming,the depletion of the ozone layer and other consequences of industrial growth是the evidence的定語。
「講詞」 question作動詞時表示“提問;詢問;質疑”。He was questioned by the police.(他接受了警察的訊問。)Ill quit if you question my loyalty.(如果你懷疑我的忠誠,那我就辭職。)
16. “The term 'anti-science' can lump together too many, quite different things,” notes Harvard University philosopher Gerald Holton in his 1993 work Science and AntiScience,“They have in common only one thing that they tend to annoy or threaten those who regard themselves as more enlightened.”
「譯文」 “'反科學這個詞可以涵蓋很多截然不同的東西,”哈佛大學的哲學家杰拉爾德·霍爾頓在其1993年的著作《科學和反科學》中寫道:“它們惟一的共同點就是會激怒或威脅那些自以為比別人更有見識的人?!?BR> 「析句」 句子分為三個部分,只有最后一部分較復雜。在最后一個分句中,注意賓語是one thing,其后面跟了一個同位語從句,以說明one thing in common(一個共同之處)。而在同位語從句中,賓語跟了一個定語從句(who regard themselves as more enlightened)。
「講詞」 lump together意為include(包括在一起)。
enlightened意為“開明的;有知識的;進步的”。enlightened age(文明時代)。 An enlightened government should permit the free expression of political opinion.(一個開明的政府應當允許自由發(fā)表政見。)

