2009成人英語三級(jí)考試:語法(三)

字號(hào):

但是不能夠說:Himself does it. 應(yīng)改為: He does it.
      This is himself’s book.. 應(yīng)改為:This is his own book..
    牢記make possible的三種形式:
    1. make+名詞+possible;
    His financial aid makes this trip possible.
    2. make+possible+名詞(名詞短語較長時(shí))
    His financial aid makes possible the poor Chinese student’s entering of
     th
    e world famous
    university.
    3. make it possible (for sb.)to do (見形式賓語部分)
    The father’s hard labor makes it possible for the son to receive better
     ed
    ucation.
    定語從句可分為限定性和非限定性兩種,其主要區(qū)別為:
    1. 非限定性定語從句中,引導(dǎo)詞和先行詞之間需用逗號(hào)隔開。
    2. 非限定性定語從句中,引導(dǎo)詞一般不用that,
    在修飾人時(shí)用who, whom, whose
    He had three children, all of whom had graduated from college.
    在修飾物時(shí)用 which
    部分狀語從句可以省略,在填空題中時(shí)有出現(xiàn)
    如:Although defeated, he did not lose heart. (從句中省略了he was)
    If inFORMed timely, I wouldn’t have missed the meeting. (從句中省略了
    I were)
    注意: 當(dāng)現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的時(shí)間狀語是for + 一段時(shí)間(已經(jīng)有…時(shí)間了), 和since
    + 一個(gè)
    時(shí)間點(diǎn)(自從…以來)的時(shí)候, 句中的謂語不能是非延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞(暫短性動(dòng)詞), 如不
    能說
    :
    I have borrowed the book for ten days. (錯(cuò)誤: borrow這個(gè)動(dòng)作是發(fā)生在圖書
    出納
    臺(tái)上的一次性動(dòng)作, 不能延續(xù), 因此不能和for引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語連用)
    應(yīng)改為: I have kept the book for ten days.
    這樣的暫短性動(dòng)詞還有: buy/sell, break, die, graduate, drop等
    倒裝
    倒裝句就是將正常的陳述語序加以變化,主要作用是強(qiáng)調(diào)被提前的部分
    倒裝句可分為全部倒裝和部分倒裝兩種:
    一、全部倒裝
    謂語動(dòng)詞提前至主語之前為全部倒裝,如:
    Out came his guest.
    On the hill stood a little cottage that contained heaps of hay.There lived an elderly lady whose husband died long ago.
    二、部分倒裝
    助動(dòng)詞或情態(tài)動(dòng)詞提至主語之前,謂語動(dòng)詞位置不變,即為部分倒裝,如:
    Neither could he see through your plan.
    So little did I know about him that I was easily taken in by his words.
    Doesn’t her invitation appeal to you?
    第一節(jié) 否定詞提前倒裝
    否定詞用于句首時(shí),句子應(yīng)進(jìn)行部分倒裝
    否定詞常用的有:
    Not only…(but also),        Not until(直到…..才), No sooner….(than)(一…..就) Never/ Rarely/Seldom
    Hardly/Scarcely… (when) Few/Little
    Neither/Nor (也不)        Nwhere
    At no time        Under no circumstances(決不)
    On no account (決不)       In no way
    其中not only, no sooner, hardly, scarcely 分別和but (also), than, when搭
    配使
    用,需注意:后一組詞之后的部分不進(jìn)行倒裝,只有否定詞之后的部分倒裝
    如:Hardly had I arrived home when it began to rain.
    Not only was he able to enter the final round of the contest, but he
    came ou
    t first as well.
    No sooner had I got any chance to speak than the clerk slammed the
    door in m
    y face.
    Seldom does he travel about.
    Under no circumstances should you betray your own country.
    此類倒裝句一般出現(xiàn)在填空題中,需填入的是倒裝部分,只要在句首見到上述的詞
    ,就
    應(yīng)條件反射的想到用倒裝句