Passage Three
Questions 31 to 35 are based on the following passage:
A strange thing about humans is their capacity for blind rage. Rage is presumably an emotion resulting from survival instinct, but the surprising thing about it is that we do not deploy it against other animals. If we encounter a dangerous wild animal - a poisonous snake or a wild cat - we do not fly into a temper. If we are unarmed, we show fear and attempt to back away; if we are suitably armed, we attack, but in a rational manner not in a rage. We reserve rage for our own species. It is hard to see any survival value in attacking one’s own, but if we take account of the long competition, which must have existed between our own subspecies and others like Neanderthal man - indeed others still more remote from us than Neanderthal man - human rage becomes more comprehensible.
In our everyday language and behavior there are many reminders of those early struggles. We are always using the words “us and them”. “Our” side is perpetually trying to do down the “other” side. In games we artificially create other subspecies we can attack. The opposition of “us” and “them” is the touchstone of the two-party system of “democratic” politics. Although there are no very serious consequences to many of these modern psychological representations of the “us and them” emotion, it is as well to remember that the original aim was not to beat the other subspecies in a game but to exterminate it.
The readiness with which humans allow themselves to be regimented has permitted large armies to be formed, which, taken together with the “us and them” blind rage, has led to destructive clashes within our subspecies itself. The First World War is an example in which Europe divided itself into two imaginary subspecies. And there is a similar extermination battle now in Northern Ireland. The idea that there is a religious basis for this clash is illusory, for not even the Pope has been able to control it. The clash is much more primitive than the Christian religion, much older in its emotional origin. The conflict in Ireland is unlikely to stop until a greater primitive fear is imposed from outside the community, or until the combatants become exhausted.
31.A suitable title for this passage would be____.
A) Why Human Armies Are Formed
B) Man’s Anger Against Rage
C) The Human Capacity for Rage
D) Early Struggles of Angry Man
32.According to the author, the surprising aspect of human anger is____.
A) its lengthy and complex development
B) a conflict such as is now going on in Northern Ireland
C) that we do not fly into a temper more often
D) that we reserve anger for mankind
33.The passage suggests that____.
A) historically, we have created an “us” versus “them” society
B) humans have had a natural disinclination toward formal grouping
C) the First World War is an example of how man has always avoided domination
D) the emotional origin of the war in Ireland is lost in time
34.From the passage we can infer that ____.
A) the artificial creation of a subspecies unlike us is something that never happens
B) games are psychologically unhealthy
C) any artificially created subspecies would be our enemy
D) the real or imagined existence of an opposing subspecies is inherent in man’s activities
35.The author believes that a religious explanation for the war in Northern Ireland is____.
A) founded in historical fact
B) deceptive
C) apparent
D) probably accurate
Passage Three
內(nèi)容概要:本文介紹人類所具有的盲目的憤怒。憤怒可能是來(lái)自于求生本能的一種情感，但令人奇怪的是，人類從不把憤怒發(fā)泄到其他動(dòng)物身上，而是在同種類的人身上。在我們?nèi)粘Ｉ畹难哉Z(yǔ)行為中，我們常常使用“我們與他們”這樣的字眼，“我們”這邊最終要戰(zhàn)勝“他們”那邊。在各種比賽中，我們也人為地制造出自己的對(duì)立面。人類這種“我們與他們”的心態(tài)導(dǎo)致了人與人之間毀滅性的沖突。
31.【答案】C。
【譯文】根據(jù)短文得知，文章合適的標(biāo)題可能是人類的憤怒。
【試題分析】主旨題。通過文章的主題句可以得知答案。
【詳細(xì)解答】見文章開篇第一句，即主題句：A strange thing about humans is their capacity for blind rage。 所以答案為C。
32.【答案】D。
【譯文】根據(jù)短文得知，令人奇怪的是，人類的憤怒總是發(fā)泄在同種類的人身上。
【試題分析】細(xì)節(jié)題。通過題干回到文章中找對(duì)應(yīng)的地方便可以得知答案。
【詳細(xì)解答】見第一段第二句but the surprising thing about it is that we do not deploy it against other animals，和第五句We reserve rage for our own species，所以答案為D。
33.【答案】A。
【譯文】根據(jù)短文得知，文章暗示從歷史的角度來(lái)看，我們?nèi)藶榈刂圃炝艘粋€(gè)“我們”與“他們”相對(duì)立的社會(huì)。
【試題分析】推斷題。通過選項(xiàng)回到文章中找對(duì)應(yīng)的地方便可以得知答案。
【詳細(xì)解答】見最后一段：The readiness with which humans allow themselves to be regimented has permitted large armies to be formed, which, taken together with the “us and them” blind rage, has led to destructive clashes within our subspecies itself. The First World War is an example in which Europe divided itself into two imaginary subspecies. And there is a similar extermination battle now in Northern Ireland. The idea that there is a religious basis for this clash is illusory, for not even the Pope has been able to control it. The clash is much more primitive than the Christian religion, much older in its emotional origin. The conflict in Ireland is unlikely to stop until a greater primitive fear is imposed from outside the community, or until the combatants become exhausted，所以答案為A。
34.【答案】D。
【譯文】從本文我們可以推斷出在人類活動(dòng)中，作為對(duì)立面的亞種類是真實(shí)存在的，或者是想象出來(lái)的。
【試題分析】推斷題。通過選項(xiàng)回到文章中找相關(guān)的句子來(lái)推斷，便可以得知答案。
【詳細(xì)解答】見第二段段首：In our everyday language and behavior there are many reminders of those early struggles. We are always using the words “us and them”. “Our” side is perpetually trying to do down the “other” side. In games we artificially create other subspecies we can attack，所以答案為D。
35.【答案】B。
【譯文】根據(jù)短文得知，作者相信，從宗教的角度來(lái)解釋北愛爾蘭戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)是迷惑人的。
【試題分析】詞義題。通過對(duì)文章中illusionary的理解便可以得知答案。
【詳細(xì)解答】見最后一段第四句：The idea that there is a religious basis for this clash is illusory（迷惑人的，虛幻的）, 所以答案為B。
Questions 31 to 35 are based on the following passage:
A strange thing about humans is their capacity for blind rage. Rage is presumably an emotion resulting from survival instinct, but the surprising thing about it is that we do not deploy it against other animals. If we encounter a dangerous wild animal - a poisonous snake or a wild cat - we do not fly into a temper. If we are unarmed, we show fear and attempt to back away; if we are suitably armed, we attack, but in a rational manner not in a rage. We reserve rage for our own species. It is hard to see any survival value in attacking one’s own, but if we take account of the long competition, which must have existed between our own subspecies and others like Neanderthal man - indeed others still more remote from us than Neanderthal man - human rage becomes more comprehensible.
In our everyday language and behavior there are many reminders of those early struggles. We are always using the words “us and them”. “Our” side is perpetually trying to do down the “other” side. In games we artificially create other subspecies we can attack. The opposition of “us” and “them” is the touchstone of the two-party system of “democratic” politics. Although there are no very serious consequences to many of these modern psychological representations of the “us and them” emotion, it is as well to remember that the original aim was not to beat the other subspecies in a game but to exterminate it.
The readiness with which humans allow themselves to be regimented has permitted large armies to be formed, which, taken together with the “us and them” blind rage, has led to destructive clashes within our subspecies itself. The First World War is an example in which Europe divided itself into two imaginary subspecies. And there is a similar extermination battle now in Northern Ireland. The idea that there is a religious basis for this clash is illusory, for not even the Pope has been able to control it. The clash is much more primitive than the Christian religion, much older in its emotional origin. The conflict in Ireland is unlikely to stop until a greater primitive fear is imposed from outside the community, or until the combatants become exhausted.
31.A suitable title for this passage would be____.
A) Why Human Armies Are Formed
B) Man’s Anger Against Rage
C) The Human Capacity for Rage
D) Early Struggles of Angry Man
32.According to the author, the surprising aspect of human anger is____.
A) its lengthy and complex development
B) a conflict such as is now going on in Northern Ireland
C) that we do not fly into a temper more often
D) that we reserve anger for mankind
33.The passage suggests that____.
A) historically, we have created an “us” versus “them” society
B) humans have had a natural disinclination toward formal grouping
C) the First World War is an example of how man has always avoided domination
D) the emotional origin of the war in Ireland is lost in time
34.From the passage we can infer that ____.
A) the artificial creation of a subspecies unlike us is something that never happens
B) games are psychologically unhealthy
C) any artificially created subspecies would be our enemy
D) the real or imagined existence of an opposing subspecies is inherent in man’s activities
35.The author believes that a religious explanation for the war in Northern Ireland is____.
A) founded in historical fact
B) deceptive
C) apparent
D) probably accurate
Passage Three
內(nèi)容概要:本文介紹人類所具有的盲目的憤怒。憤怒可能是來(lái)自于求生本能的一種情感，但令人奇怪的是，人類從不把憤怒發(fā)泄到其他動(dòng)物身上，而是在同種類的人身上。在我們?nèi)粘Ｉ畹难哉Z(yǔ)行為中，我們常常使用“我們與他們”這樣的字眼，“我們”這邊最終要戰(zhàn)勝“他們”那邊。在各種比賽中，我們也人為地制造出自己的對(duì)立面。人類這種“我們與他們”的心態(tài)導(dǎo)致了人與人之間毀滅性的沖突。
31.【答案】C。
【譯文】根據(jù)短文得知，文章合適的標(biāo)題可能是人類的憤怒。
【試題分析】主旨題。通過文章的主題句可以得知答案。
【詳細(xì)解答】見文章開篇第一句，即主題句：A strange thing about humans is their capacity for blind rage。 所以答案為C。
32.【答案】D。
【譯文】根據(jù)短文得知，令人奇怪的是，人類的憤怒總是發(fā)泄在同種類的人身上。
【試題分析】細(xì)節(jié)題。通過題干回到文章中找對(duì)應(yīng)的地方便可以得知答案。
【詳細(xì)解答】見第一段第二句but the surprising thing about it is that we do not deploy it against other animals，和第五句We reserve rage for our own species，所以答案為D。
33.【答案】A。
【譯文】根據(jù)短文得知，文章暗示從歷史的角度來(lái)看，我們?nèi)藶榈刂圃炝艘粋€(gè)“我們”與“他們”相對(duì)立的社會(huì)。
【試題分析】推斷題。通過選項(xiàng)回到文章中找對(duì)應(yīng)的地方便可以得知答案。
【詳細(xì)解答】見最后一段：The readiness with which humans allow themselves to be regimented has permitted large armies to be formed, which, taken together with the “us and them” blind rage, has led to destructive clashes within our subspecies itself. The First World War is an example in which Europe divided itself into two imaginary subspecies. And there is a similar extermination battle now in Northern Ireland. The idea that there is a religious basis for this clash is illusory, for not even the Pope has been able to control it. The clash is much more primitive than the Christian religion, much older in its emotional origin. The conflict in Ireland is unlikely to stop until a greater primitive fear is imposed from outside the community, or until the combatants become exhausted，所以答案為A。
34.【答案】D。
【譯文】從本文我們可以推斷出在人類活動(dòng)中，作為對(duì)立面的亞種類是真實(shí)存在的，或者是想象出來(lái)的。
【試題分析】推斷題。通過選項(xiàng)回到文章中找相關(guān)的句子來(lái)推斷，便可以得知答案。
【詳細(xì)解答】見第二段段首：In our everyday language and behavior there are many reminders of those early struggles. We are always using the words “us and them”. “Our” side is perpetually trying to do down the “other” side. In games we artificially create other subspecies we can attack，所以答案為D。
35.【答案】B。
【譯文】根據(jù)短文得知，作者相信，從宗教的角度來(lái)解釋北愛爾蘭戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)是迷惑人的。
【試題分析】詞義題。通過對(duì)文章中illusionary的理解便可以得知答案。
【詳細(xì)解答】見最后一段第四句：The idea that there is a religious basis for this clash is illusory（迷惑人的，虛幻的）, 所以答案為B。