形容詞與副詞(4-1~5-2)
大綱要求：
形容詞與副詞掌握比較級的構(gòu)成及其用法。
一、形容詞在句子中的作用
1、形容詞在句子中可以作定語、表語、賓語補(bǔ)足語。
A good boy must behave himself. 好孩子應(yīng)當(dāng)行為規(guī)矩。(定語)
I like this red dress very much。(定語)
She is beautiful. (表語)
The patient is asleep. (表語)
Who has got the window open? (賓語補(bǔ)足語)
Ive got everything ready for the class. (賓語補(bǔ)足語)
I said it would happen， and sure enough it did happen。(獨(dú)立成分)
2、大多數(shù)形容詞既可作定語又可作表語，但有少數(shù)形容詞只能作表語。
This is a red dress. The dress is red。
alike， afraid， alone， asleep， awake， aware， alive， ashamed， unable， content。
二、副詞在句子中的作用
副詞在句子中主要作狀語，可以修飾動(dòng)詞、形容詞、副詞，有時(shí)修飾整個(gè)句子。
Unfortunately， he wasnt at home when I came. (修飾整個(gè)句子)
Luckily， she wasnt injured in the accident。(修飾整個(gè)句子)
Her pronunciation is very good。(修飾形容詞)
I have been extremely busy these days。(修飾形容詞)
I can hardly agree with you。(修飾動(dòng)詞)
He works terribly (quite) hard. (修飾副詞)
三、形容詞和副詞比較級和級的構(gòu)成
1.單音節(jié)詞和少數(shù)雙音節(jié)詞(如以y結(jié)尾的)在詞尾加-er ， -est。
如：small， smaller， smallest; great， greater， greatest; clever， cleverer， cleverest; quiet， quieter， quietest ; common， commoner， commonest; narrow， narrower， narrowest。
2、以e結(jié)尾的詞加-r ， -st 。
如：larger， larger ， largest ; simple， simpler ， simplest ; polite， politer ， politest; brave， braver， bravest; fine， finer， finest。
3、以“輔音字母+y”結(jié)尾的詞，變y為i 再加-er ， -est 。
如：busy，busier， busiest; heavy，heavier， heaviest; happy，happier， happiest。
4、以一個(gè)輔音字母結(jié)尾的詞，雙寫該輔音字母，再加-er， -est 。(一個(gè)輔音字母結(jié)尾；重讀閉音節(jié))
如：big，bigger， biggest; thin，thinner， thinnest; hot，hotter， hottest。
雙音節(jié)詞，多音節(jié)詞比較級和級在詞前加more， most。
如：difficult， more difficult， most difficult， interesting， more interesting， most interesting; useful， more useful， most useful。
特殊的比較級和級
四、形容詞和副詞比較級的用法
1、比較級常與than引導(dǎo)的狀語從句連用，表示與什么相比。
This room is bigger than any other one in the hotel。
為了避免重復(fù)，從句常用一些代詞。
比較必須是兩個(gè)相同的成分。
Everyday he arrives earlier than anyone else in the company。
Small oranges are usually sweeter than big ones。
It is better to be prepared than unprepared。
This is easier said than done。
She is taller than I(me)。
I meet with more difficulties than she does。
The girls in my class are more active than those in his class。
1、有than 就要考慮比較級。
2、比較的成分要完全一致。
2、“比較級+and+比較級”，表示“越來越…”。
My father walked faster and faster until I could no longer keep up with him 。
keep up with \跟上，趕上
no longer=not any longer
My father walked faster and faster until I couldnt keep up with him any longer. (not 用來否定動(dòng)詞)
Our country is getting stronger and stronger。
Things are getting better and better every day。
Im getting more and more interested in arts。
get interested in 對……感興趣
3.“the +比較級…，the+比較級”，表示“越是…就越…”。
The more haste， the less speed. 欲速則不達(dá)。
The harder she works， the more progress she makes。
make progress 取得進(jìn)步
The more I study it， the more I like it。
Actually， the busier he is， the happier he feels。
The more preparation you do now， the less nervous youll be before the exam。
The sooner you start， the faster youll be finished。
五、形容詞和副詞級的用法
級的前面通常要加定冠詞，副詞級前面的定冠詞可以省略。級在使用時(shí)通常有一個(gè)短語或從句表示比較的范圍。
Of all the places Ive visited， I like Hangzhou best。
This is the worst movie Ive ever seen。
Beijing is one of the largest cities in the world。
For me， Tuesday is one of the busiest day in the week。
Among all the students， he runs (the) fastest。
比較級前面有時(shí)也加the ，表示兩者之間“較…的一個(gè)”。
Both of the two girls are beautiful， but I think the tall one is more beautiful of the two。
The five-year-old boy chose the more expensive of the two toys。
六、“as+原級+as”，“not as / so +原級+as”
“as+原級+as”，表示“和…一樣…”， “not as / so +原級+as”表示“不及…”。
He is as good a swimmer as any of us。
大綱要求：
形容詞與副詞掌握比較級的構(gòu)成及其用法。
一、形容詞在句子中的作用
1、形容詞在句子中可以作定語、表語、賓語補(bǔ)足語。
A good boy must behave himself. 好孩子應(yīng)當(dāng)行為規(guī)矩。(定語)
I like this red dress very much。(定語)
She is beautiful. (表語)
The patient is asleep. (表語)
Who has got the window open? (賓語補(bǔ)足語)
Ive got everything ready for the class. (賓語補(bǔ)足語)
I said it would happen， and sure enough it did happen。(獨(dú)立成分)
2、大多數(shù)形容詞既可作定語又可作表語，但有少數(shù)形容詞只能作表語。
This is a red dress. The dress is red。
alike， afraid， alone， asleep， awake， aware， alive， ashamed， unable， content。
二、副詞在句子中的作用
副詞在句子中主要作狀語，可以修飾動(dòng)詞、形容詞、副詞，有時(shí)修飾整個(gè)句子。
Unfortunately， he wasnt at home when I came. (修飾整個(gè)句子)
Luckily， she wasnt injured in the accident。(修飾整個(gè)句子)
Her pronunciation is very good。(修飾形容詞)
I have been extremely busy these days。(修飾形容詞)
I can hardly agree with you。(修飾動(dòng)詞)
He works terribly (quite) hard. (修飾副詞)
三、形容詞和副詞比較級和級的構(gòu)成
1.單音節(jié)詞和少數(shù)雙音節(jié)詞(如以y結(jié)尾的)在詞尾加-er ， -est。
如：small， smaller， smallest; great， greater， greatest; clever， cleverer， cleverest; quiet， quieter， quietest ; common， commoner， commonest; narrow， narrower， narrowest。
2、以e結(jié)尾的詞加-r ， -st 。
如：larger， larger ， largest ; simple， simpler ， simplest ; polite， politer ， politest; brave， braver， bravest; fine， finer， finest。
3、以“輔音字母+y”結(jié)尾的詞，變y為i 再加-er ， -est 。
如：busy，busier， busiest; heavy，heavier， heaviest; happy，happier， happiest。
4、以一個(gè)輔音字母結(jié)尾的詞，雙寫該輔音字母，再加-er， -est 。(一個(gè)輔音字母結(jié)尾；重讀閉音節(jié))
如：big，bigger， biggest; thin，thinner， thinnest; hot，hotter， hottest。
雙音節(jié)詞，多音節(jié)詞比較級和級在詞前加more， most。
如：difficult， more difficult， most difficult， interesting， more interesting， most interesting; useful， more useful， most useful。
特殊的比較級和級
四、形容詞和副詞比較級的用法
1、比較級常與than引導(dǎo)的狀語從句連用，表示與什么相比。
This room is bigger than any other one in the hotel。
為了避免重復(fù)，從句常用一些代詞。
比較必須是兩個(gè)相同的成分。
Everyday he arrives earlier than anyone else in the company。
Small oranges are usually sweeter than big ones。
It is better to be prepared than unprepared。
This is easier said than done。
She is taller than I(me)。
I meet with more difficulties than she does。
The girls in my class are more active than those in his class。
1、有than 就要考慮比較級。
2、比較的成分要完全一致。
2、“比較級+and+比較級”，表示“越來越…”。
My father walked faster and faster until I could no longer keep up with him 。
keep up with \跟上，趕上
no longer=not any longer
My father walked faster and faster until I couldnt keep up with him any longer. (not 用來否定動(dòng)詞)
Our country is getting stronger and stronger。
Things are getting better and better every day。
Im getting more and more interested in arts。
get interested in 對……感興趣
3.“the +比較級…，the+比較級”，表示“越是…就越…”。
The more haste， the less speed. 欲速則不達(dá)。
The harder she works， the more progress she makes。
make progress 取得進(jìn)步
The more I study it， the more I like it。
Actually， the busier he is， the happier he feels。
The more preparation you do now， the less nervous youll be before the exam。
The sooner you start， the faster youll be finished。
五、形容詞和副詞級的用法
級的前面通常要加定冠詞，副詞級前面的定冠詞可以省略。級在使用時(shí)通常有一個(gè)短語或從句表示比較的范圍。
Of all the places Ive visited， I like Hangzhou best。
This is the worst movie Ive ever seen。
Beijing is one of the largest cities in the world。
For me， Tuesday is one of the busiest day in the week。
Among all the students， he runs (the) fastest。
比較級前面有時(shí)也加the ，表示兩者之間“較…的一個(gè)”。
Both of the two girls are beautiful， but I think the tall one is more beautiful of the two。
The five-year-old boy chose the more expensive of the two toys。
六、“as+原級+as”，“not as / so +原級+as”
“as+原級+as”，表示“和…一樣…”， “not as / so +原級+as”表示“不及…”。
He is as good a swimmer as any of us。