Unit 5 （1998年）
They were by far，the largest and most distant objects that scientists had ever detected: a strip of enormous cosmic clouds some 15 billion light years from earth.
（71）But even more important，it was the farthest that scientists had been able to look into the past，for what they were seeing were the patterns and structures that existed 15 billion years ago. That was just about the moment that the universe was born. What the researchers found was at once both amazing and expected: the US National Aeronautics and Space Administrations Cosmic Background Explorer satellite—Cobe—had discovered landmark evidence that the universe did in fact begin with the primeval explosion that has become known as the Big Bang（the theory that the universe originated in an explosion from a single mass of energy）.
（72）The existence of the giant clouds was virtually required for the Big Bang，first put forward in the 1920s，to maintain its reign as the dominant explanation of the cosmos. According to the theory，the universe burst into being as a submicroscopic，unimaginably dense knot of pure energy that flew outward in all directions，emitting radiation as it went，condensing into particles and then into atoms of gas. Over billions of years，the gas was compressed by gravity into galaxies，stars，plants and eventually，even humans.
Cobe is designed to see just the biggest structures，but astronomers would like to see much smaller hot spots as well，the seeds of local objects like clusters and superclusters of galaxies. They shouldn't have long to wait.（73）Astrophysicists working with ground-based detectors at the South Pole and balloon-borne instruments are closing in on such structures，and may report their findings soon.
（74）If the small hot spots look as expected，that will be a triumph for yet another scientific idea，a refinement of the Big Bang called the inflationary universe theory. Inflation says that very early on，the universe expanded in size by more than a trillion trillion trillion trillion fold in much less than a second，propelled by a sort of antigravity.（75）Odd though it sounds，cosmic inflation is a scientifically plausible consequence of some respected ideas in elementary-particle physics，and many astrophysicists have been convinced for the better part of a decade that it is true.
Unit 5 翻譯題解：
71） But even more important, it was the farthest that scientists had been able to looks intos the past, for what they were seeing were the patterns and structures that existed 15 billion years ago.
句子分析：
第一、句子可以拆分為三段：
But even more important, it was the farthest that scientists had been able to looksintosthe past, / for what they were seeing were the patterns and structures / that existed 15 billion years ago.
第二、句子主干結(jié)構(gòu)是：主句+ for +原因狀語從句。
1）主句是強(qiáng)調(diào)句it was…… that……被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分the farthest是后面句子的狀語，可以理解為scientists had been able to look the farthestsintosthe past
2） for……引導(dǎo)的原因狀語從句是一個(gè)系表結(jié)構(gòu)，what they were seeing是從句中的主語，that……是名詞表語the patterns and structures的定語從句。
第三、詞的處理：
even more important （省略）更為重要的是；the patterns and structures （宇宙云的）形狀和結(jié)構(gòu)；15 billion years ago 150億年前
完整的譯文：
71）但更為重要的是，這是科學(xué)家們所能觀測(cè)到的最遙遠(yuǎn)的過去的景象，因?yàn)樗麄兛吹降氖?50億年前宇宙云的形狀和結(jié)構(gòu)。
72） The existence of the giant clouds was virtually required for the Big Bang, first put forward in the 1920s, to maintain its reign as the dominant explanation of the cosmos.句子分析：
第一、句子可以拆分為三段：
The existence of the giant clouds was virtually required for the Big Bang, / first put forward in the 1920s, / to maintain its reign as the dominant explanation of the cosmos.
第二、句子的主干結(jié)構(gòu)是一個(gè)簡單句。
1）整體結(jié)構(gòu)是：The existence…… was virtually required for……, to maintain……
2）first put forward in the 1920s是過去分詞短語作插入語，說明前面的名詞the Big Bang
3）后面的不定式短語是補(bǔ)語。
第三、詞的處理：
the giant clouds 巨大的（宇宙）云；virtually 事實(shí)上，實(shí)際上，實(shí)質(zhì)上；the Big Bang 大爆炸理論；first put forward 首創(chuàng)的，開始提出的；in the 1920s 二十年代；to maintain its reign as 以保持……的地位；explanation of the cosmos 對(duì)宇宙（起源論）的解釋
完整的譯文：
72）巨大的宇宙云的存在，實(shí)際上是使二十年代首創(chuàng)的大爆炸論得以保持其宇宙起源論的主導(dǎo)地位所必不可少的。
73） Astrophysicists working with ground-based detectors at the South Pole and balloon-borne instruments are closing in on such structures, and may report their findings soon.句子分析：
第一、句子可以拆分為三段：
Astrophysicists working with ground-based detectors at the South Pole and balloon-borne instruments / are closing in on such structures, / and may report their findings soon.
第二、句子主干結(jié)構(gòu)是：
1）主語+并列謂語Astrophysicists……are closing……and may report……
2）分詞短語working with ground-based detectors at the South Pole and balloon-borne instruments是主語的定語。
第三、詞的處理：
working with 使用，以……為工作手段；ground-based detectors 陸基探測(cè)器；the South Pole 南極；balloon-borne instruments 球載儀器；are closing in on 正越來越近 structures 云系；findings 觀測(cè)結(jié)果
完整的譯文：
73）天體物理學(xué)家使用南極陸基探測(cè)器及球載儀器，正越來越近地觀測(cè)這些云系，也許不久會(huì)報(bào)告他們的觀測(cè)結(jié)果。
74） If the small hot spots look as expected, that will be a triumph for yet another scientific idea, a refinement of the Big Bang called the inflationary universe theory.
句子分析：
第一、句子可以拆分為三段：
If the small hot spots look as expected, / that will be a triumph for yet another scientific idea, / a refinement of the Big Bang called the inflationary universe theory.
第二、句子的結(jié)構(gòu)：
1）主干結(jié)構(gòu)是“If引導(dǎo)的條件句，主句”。
2）look as expected是look as they are expected的省略，意思是“看上去和預(yù)想的一樣”。
3）another scientific idea和后面的短語a refinement of the Big Bang是同位語關(guān)系。
4）過去分詞短語called the inflationary universe theory作定語，修飾the Big Bang.
第三、詞的處理：
the small hot spots 小熱點(diǎn)；refinement 更完美，提煉，改進(jìn)；the inflationary universe theory 宇宙膨脹說（理論）
完整的譯文：
74）假如那些小熱點(diǎn)看上去同預(yù)計(jì)的一致，那就意味著又一科學(xué)論說的勝利，這種論說即更完美的大爆炸論，亦稱宇宙膨脹說。
75） Odd though it sounds, cosmic inflation is a scientifically plausible consequence of some respected ideas in elementary-particle physics, and many astrophysicists have been convinced for the better part of a decade that it is true.
句子分析：
第一、句子可以拆分為三段：
Odd though it sounds, / cosmic inflation is a scientifically plausible consequence of some respected ideas in elementary-particle physics, / and many astrophysicists have been convinced for the better part of a decade that it is true.
第二、句子的結(jié)構(gòu)：
1）主干結(jié)構(gòu)是倒裝的讓步狀語從句+主句。Odd though it sounds = though it sounds odd
2） consequence前后有多重定語。
3） and many astrophysicists have been convinced為被動(dòng)結(jié)構(gòu)。
4） that it is true是賓語從句。
第三、詞的處理：
cosmic inflation 宇宙膨脹說；scientifically plausible consequence 科學(xué)上可信的推論 in elementary-particle physics 基本粒子物理學(xué)；convinced 被說服，相信；for the better part of a decade 七八年來
完整的譯文：
75）宇宙膨脹說雖然聽似奇特，但它是基本粒子物理學(xué)中一些公認(rèn)的理論在科學(xué)上看來可信的推論。許多天體物理學(xué)家七八年來一直認(rèn)為這一論說是正確的。
They were by far，the largest and most distant objects that scientists had ever detected: a strip of enormous cosmic clouds some 15 billion light years from earth.
（71）But even more important，it was the farthest that scientists had been able to look into the past，for what they were seeing were the patterns and structures that existed 15 billion years ago. That was just about the moment that the universe was born. What the researchers found was at once both amazing and expected: the US National Aeronautics and Space Administrations Cosmic Background Explorer satellite—Cobe—had discovered landmark evidence that the universe did in fact begin with the primeval explosion that has become known as the Big Bang（the theory that the universe originated in an explosion from a single mass of energy）.
（72）The existence of the giant clouds was virtually required for the Big Bang，first put forward in the 1920s，to maintain its reign as the dominant explanation of the cosmos. According to the theory，the universe burst into being as a submicroscopic，unimaginably dense knot of pure energy that flew outward in all directions，emitting radiation as it went，condensing into particles and then into atoms of gas. Over billions of years，the gas was compressed by gravity into galaxies，stars，plants and eventually，even humans.
Cobe is designed to see just the biggest structures，but astronomers would like to see much smaller hot spots as well，the seeds of local objects like clusters and superclusters of galaxies. They shouldn't have long to wait.（73）Astrophysicists working with ground-based detectors at the South Pole and balloon-borne instruments are closing in on such structures，and may report their findings soon.
（74）If the small hot spots look as expected，that will be a triumph for yet another scientific idea，a refinement of the Big Bang called the inflationary universe theory. Inflation says that very early on，the universe expanded in size by more than a trillion trillion trillion trillion fold in much less than a second，propelled by a sort of antigravity.（75）Odd though it sounds，cosmic inflation is a scientifically plausible consequence of some respected ideas in elementary-particle physics，and many astrophysicists have been convinced for the better part of a decade that it is true.
Unit 5 翻譯題解：
71） But even more important, it was the farthest that scientists had been able to looks intos the past, for what they were seeing were the patterns and structures that existed 15 billion years ago.
句子分析：
第一、句子可以拆分為三段：
But even more important, it was the farthest that scientists had been able to looksintosthe past, / for what they were seeing were the patterns and structures / that existed 15 billion years ago.
第二、句子主干結(jié)構(gòu)是：主句+ for +原因狀語從句。
1）主句是強(qiáng)調(diào)句it was…… that……被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分the farthest是后面句子的狀語，可以理解為scientists had been able to look the farthestsintosthe past
2） for……引導(dǎo)的原因狀語從句是一個(gè)系表結(jié)構(gòu)，what they were seeing是從句中的主語，that……是名詞表語the patterns and structures的定語從句。
第三、詞的處理：
even more important （省略）更為重要的是；the patterns and structures （宇宙云的）形狀和結(jié)構(gòu)；15 billion years ago 150億年前
完整的譯文：
71）但更為重要的是，這是科學(xué)家們所能觀測(cè)到的最遙遠(yuǎn)的過去的景象，因?yàn)樗麄兛吹降氖?50億年前宇宙云的形狀和結(jié)構(gòu)。
72） The existence of the giant clouds was virtually required for the Big Bang, first put forward in the 1920s, to maintain its reign as the dominant explanation of the cosmos.句子分析：
第一、句子可以拆分為三段：
The existence of the giant clouds was virtually required for the Big Bang, / first put forward in the 1920s, / to maintain its reign as the dominant explanation of the cosmos.
第二、句子的主干結(jié)構(gòu)是一個(gè)簡單句。
1）整體結(jié)構(gòu)是：The existence…… was virtually required for……, to maintain……
2）first put forward in the 1920s是過去分詞短語作插入語，說明前面的名詞the Big Bang
3）后面的不定式短語是補(bǔ)語。
第三、詞的處理：
the giant clouds 巨大的（宇宙）云；virtually 事實(shí)上，實(shí)際上，實(shí)質(zhì)上；the Big Bang 大爆炸理論；first put forward 首創(chuàng)的，開始提出的；in the 1920s 二十年代；to maintain its reign as 以保持……的地位；explanation of the cosmos 對(duì)宇宙（起源論）的解釋
完整的譯文：
72）巨大的宇宙云的存在，實(shí)際上是使二十年代首創(chuàng)的大爆炸論得以保持其宇宙起源論的主導(dǎo)地位所必不可少的。
73） Astrophysicists working with ground-based detectors at the South Pole and balloon-borne instruments are closing in on such structures, and may report their findings soon.句子分析：
第一、句子可以拆分為三段：
Astrophysicists working with ground-based detectors at the South Pole and balloon-borne instruments / are closing in on such structures, / and may report their findings soon.
第二、句子主干結(jié)構(gòu)是：
1）主語+并列謂語Astrophysicists……are closing……and may report……
2）分詞短語working with ground-based detectors at the South Pole and balloon-borne instruments是主語的定語。
第三、詞的處理：
working with 使用，以……為工作手段；ground-based detectors 陸基探測(cè)器；the South Pole 南極；balloon-borne instruments 球載儀器；are closing in on 正越來越近 structures 云系；findings 觀測(cè)結(jié)果
完整的譯文：
73）天體物理學(xué)家使用南極陸基探測(cè)器及球載儀器，正越來越近地觀測(cè)這些云系，也許不久會(huì)報(bào)告他們的觀測(cè)結(jié)果。
74） If the small hot spots look as expected, that will be a triumph for yet another scientific idea, a refinement of the Big Bang called the inflationary universe theory.
句子分析：
第一、句子可以拆分為三段：
If the small hot spots look as expected, / that will be a triumph for yet another scientific idea, / a refinement of the Big Bang called the inflationary universe theory.
第二、句子的結(jié)構(gòu)：
1）主干結(jié)構(gòu)是“If引導(dǎo)的條件句，主句”。
2）look as expected是look as they are expected的省略，意思是“看上去和預(yù)想的一樣”。
3）another scientific idea和后面的短語a refinement of the Big Bang是同位語關(guān)系。
4）過去分詞短語called the inflationary universe theory作定語，修飾the Big Bang.
第三、詞的處理：
the small hot spots 小熱點(diǎn)；refinement 更完美，提煉，改進(jìn)；the inflationary universe theory 宇宙膨脹說（理論）
完整的譯文：
74）假如那些小熱點(diǎn)看上去同預(yù)計(jì)的一致，那就意味著又一科學(xué)論說的勝利，這種論說即更完美的大爆炸論，亦稱宇宙膨脹說。
75） Odd though it sounds, cosmic inflation is a scientifically plausible consequence of some respected ideas in elementary-particle physics, and many astrophysicists have been convinced for the better part of a decade that it is true.
句子分析：
第一、句子可以拆分為三段：
Odd though it sounds, / cosmic inflation is a scientifically plausible consequence of some respected ideas in elementary-particle physics, / and many astrophysicists have been convinced for the better part of a decade that it is true.
第二、句子的結(jié)構(gòu)：
1）主干結(jié)構(gòu)是倒裝的讓步狀語從句+主句。Odd though it sounds = though it sounds odd
2） consequence前后有多重定語。
3） and many astrophysicists have been convinced為被動(dòng)結(jié)構(gòu)。
4） that it is true是賓語從句。
第三、詞的處理：
cosmic inflation 宇宙膨脹說；scientifically plausible consequence 科學(xué)上可信的推論 in elementary-particle physics 基本粒子物理學(xué)；convinced 被說服，相信；for the better part of a decade 七八年來
完整的譯文：
75）宇宙膨脹說雖然聽似奇特，但它是基本粒子物理學(xué)中一些公認(rèn)的理論在科學(xué)上看來可信的推論。許多天體物理學(xué)家七八年來一直認(rèn)為這一論說是正確的。