??主語和謂語動(dòng)詞之間數(shù)的一致是英語中非常重要的關(guān)系。決定主謂一致有若干原則，如意義一致（notional agreement）、語法一致（grammatical agreement）、就近一致（principle of proximity）等。所謂意義一致即從意義角度來處理主謂一致問題，主語形式為單數(shù)，但意義角度為復(fù)數(shù)，謂語動(dòng)詞采用復(fù)數(shù)形式；有時(shí)，主語形式為復(fù)數(shù)，但意義為單數(shù)，謂語動(dòng)詞采用單數(shù)形式。下面著重談?wù)勚髦^的意義一致原則在大學(xué)英語考試中容易出錯(cuò)的幾種情況：
??1．表示時(shí)間、重量、長(zhǎng)度、距離、價(jià)值、數(shù)目等的名詞作主語，即使是復(fù)數(shù)形式，謂語動(dòng)詞也采用單數(shù)形式。如：
Three weeks is not enough for me to write this article．
??2．當(dāng)一個(gè)復(fù)數(shù)名詞用作書刊、詩集或報(bào)紙名稱時(shí)，謂語通常都用單數(shù)形式。如：
The Arabian Nights is a popular reading with the young people．
??3．以-s結(jié)尾的一些名詞如，news， physics，mathematics，politics，phonetics， apparatus等作主語時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)。但是mathematics，politics，phonetics， dialectics等名詞前面有定冠詞the，形容詞性物主代詞your，my ，his等或such這類形容詞時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)。如：
??Politics is one of the subjects that I like best．
??My politics are neither conservative nor liberal．
??以-s結(jié)尾的疾病名稱，如：measles， diabetes，arthritis等；以-s結(jié)尾的專有名詞，如：the?United Nations，the United States等，作主語時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)。如：
??The United Nations plays a very important role in the modern society．
??4．定冠詞the ＋形容詞作主語時(shí)，如果指的是一類人，謂語動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)形式；如果指的是一類物或抽象概念時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)形式。如：
??The old are usually very conservative．
??The beautiful gives pleasure to all ofus．
??5．當(dāng)兩個(gè)或兩個(gè)以上的人、物或概念放在一起表示同一個(gè)人、物、或概念時(shí)，像ham and eggs，toast and wine，salt and water，law and order，war and peace， time and tide，knife and fork，bread and butter，soup and salad等，謂語動(dòng)詞要用
??單數(shù)形式。如：
??Your assistance and that of your friends is greatly appreciated．
Bread and butter is a kind of healthy food．
??6．集合名詞如，people，police，cattle，poultry等作主語時(shí)，其后的謂語動(dòng)詞總是用復(fù)數(shù)形式。如：
??The cattle are grazing on the grassland．
??7．當(dāng)audience，team，committee，class，company， couple，family，staff，group，public，crowd，organization， personnel，jury，government，militia等集體名詞作主語時(shí)，如果強(qiáng)調(diào)整體概念，謂語動(dòng)詞要用單數(shù)形式。如：
??My family is very large．
??如果強(qiáng)調(diào)個(gè)體概念，謂語動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)形式。如：
??My family are all sports lovers．
??8．most of，half of，the rest of，plenty of，a lot of ， lots of，the last，the remainder；variety，proportion，majority（variety，proportion，majority等詞單獨(dú)作主語時(shí)，常用單數(shù)謂語），分?jǐn)?shù)或百分?jǐn)?shù)＋of＋中心詞作主語，后跟可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)或不可數(shù)名詞時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞要用單數(shù)形式。如：
??Most of the small village was destroyed in World War Two．
??這些中心詞后跟可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)形式。如：
??Most of the tourists are not hurt in the accident．
??A great variety of cars were shown there．
??9．what引起的從句作主語時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞一般采用單數(shù)形式。如：
??What was once regarded as impossible has now become a reality．
??但如果主語的補(bǔ)語是復(fù)數(shù)形式，謂語動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)形式。如：
??What we badly need are large numbers of books．
??10．what，who，which，any，all，none（none作復(fù)數(shù)看待時(shí)較多）等代詞是單數(shù)，還是復(fù)數(shù)，主要由句意決定。如：
??Which is your book？
??Which are your books？
??None is more qualified for the job than I．
??All I know is limited．
??1．表示時(shí)間、重量、長(zhǎng)度、距離、價(jià)值、數(shù)目等的名詞作主語，即使是復(fù)數(shù)形式，謂語動(dòng)詞也采用單數(shù)形式。如：
Three weeks is not enough for me to write this article．
??2．當(dāng)一個(gè)復(fù)數(shù)名詞用作書刊、詩集或報(bào)紙名稱時(shí)，謂語通常都用單數(shù)形式。如：
The Arabian Nights is a popular reading with the young people．
??3．以-s結(jié)尾的一些名詞如，news， physics，mathematics，politics，phonetics， apparatus等作主語時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)。但是mathematics，politics，phonetics， dialectics等名詞前面有定冠詞the，形容詞性物主代詞your，my ，his等或such這類形容詞時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)。如：
??Politics is one of the subjects that I like best．
??My politics are neither conservative nor liberal．
??以-s結(jié)尾的疾病名稱，如：measles， diabetes，arthritis等；以-s結(jié)尾的專有名詞，如：the?United Nations，the United States等，作主語時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)。如：
??The United Nations plays a very important role in the modern society．
??4．定冠詞the ＋形容詞作主語時(shí)，如果指的是一類人，謂語動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)形式；如果指的是一類物或抽象概念時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)形式。如：
??The old are usually very conservative．
??The beautiful gives pleasure to all ofus．
??5．當(dāng)兩個(gè)或兩個(gè)以上的人、物或概念放在一起表示同一個(gè)人、物、或概念時(shí)，像ham and eggs，toast and wine，salt and water，law and order，war and peace， time and tide，knife and fork，bread and butter，soup and salad等，謂語動(dòng)詞要用
??單數(shù)形式。如：
??Your assistance and that of your friends is greatly appreciated．
Bread and butter is a kind of healthy food．
??6．集合名詞如，people，police，cattle，poultry等作主語時(shí)，其后的謂語動(dòng)詞總是用復(fù)數(shù)形式。如：
??The cattle are grazing on the grassland．
??7．當(dāng)audience，team，committee，class，company， couple，family，staff，group，public，crowd，organization， personnel，jury，government，militia等集體名詞作主語時(shí)，如果強(qiáng)調(diào)整體概念，謂語動(dòng)詞要用單數(shù)形式。如：
??My family is very large．
??如果強(qiáng)調(diào)個(gè)體概念，謂語動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)形式。如：
??My family are all sports lovers．
??8．most of，half of，the rest of，plenty of，a lot of ， lots of，the last，the remainder；variety，proportion，majority（variety，proportion，majority等詞單獨(dú)作主語時(shí)，常用單數(shù)謂語），分?jǐn)?shù)或百分?jǐn)?shù)＋of＋中心詞作主語，后跟可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)或不可數(shù)名詞時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞要用單數(shù)形式。如：
??Most of the small village was destroyed in World War Two．
??這些中心詞后跟可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)形式。如：
??Most of the tourists are not hurt in the accident．
??A great variety of cars were shown there．
??9．what引起的從句作主語時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞一般采用單數(shù)形式。如：
??What was once regarded as impossible has now become a reality．
??但如果主語的補(bǔ)語是復(fù)數(shù)形式，謂語動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)形式。如：
??What we badly need are large numbers of books．
??10．what，who，which，any，all，none（none作復(fù)數(shù)看待時(shí)較多）等代詞是單數(shù)，還是復(fù)數(shù)，主要由句意決定。如：
??Which is your book？
??Which are your books？
??None is more qualified for the job than I．
??All I know is limited．