有關(guān)AS的一些特殊用法 - 六級語法

字號:

??在英語學(xué)習(xí)中,"as"作為一個詞性多,詞義廣,出現(xiàn)頻率高的詞,是六級考生必須熟練掌握,并且應(yīng)該能夠正確加以運(yùn)用的重點(diǎn)詞匯。這里,結(jié)合例句,著重列舉一些常用的,以及在考試中經(jīng)常出現(xiàn)的短語及用法。
    ??1. as do I /as I do
    ??a)He writes as his father did.他像他爸爸一樣寫作。
    ??注:表示比較或方式的as從句一般使用正常語序。但是,在正式語體中,也可以采用倒裝,但不是強(qiáng)制性的,而是選擇性的。例如:
    ??b)She looks forward ,as does her secretary ,to the completion of the building.她像她的秘書一樣盼望工程竣工。
    ??c)When in Rome do as Romans do.入鄉(xiāng)隨俗。
    ??2....a(chǎn)s he is
    ??a)Talented as he is,he is not yet ready to turn professional.別看他有天份,他還沒把心用到專業(yè)上去。
    ??注:這是一種表示讓步的分句,主要用于正式文體。Talented as he is =Though he is talented,as引出的主謂語倒裝是強(qiáng)制性的,因?yàn)槿魧s置于句首,就不是讓步狀語從句了。由though
    ??
    ??引出的讓步狀語從句,也可以使用這種語序,但不是強(qiáng)制性的。例如:
    ??b)Coward though he is ,do not bully him.盡管他是個膽小鬼,但不要欺負(fù)他。
    ??3.a(chǎn)s far as /so far as
    ??a)So far as I know,he will be away for three months.據(jù)我所知,他將離開這里三個月。
    ??注:當(dāng)as far as和so far as作"在……范圍內(nèi)……、一直到、到……那么遠(yuǎn)"解時,它們是可以互換的。當(dāng)表示形容詞、副詞同級比較時,要求在肯定句中使用as far as。例如:
    ??b)We didn't go so/as far as the bridge.我們沒有走到橋那么遠(yuǎn)。
    ??4.a(chǎn)s/so far as to do(doing)something意思是:"竟到了……程度"。
    ??a)At last,she went so far as to bring him to the apartment.最后,她竟把他帶到了公寓。
    注:as/so far as之后既可跟不定式也可跟動名詞。例如:
    ??b)I have considered having a car,but I haven't got so far as buying it yet.我是考慮要買一輛汽車,但是還沒有到?jīng)Q定買的程度。
    ??5.a(chǎn)s follows意思是"如下的"。
    ??a)His arguments are as follows.他的論點(diǎn)如下。
    ??注:as follows是固定成語,不管引出的事物是單數(shù)還是復(fù)數(shù),都只能用as follows(=as it follows),而不能用as follow。例如:
    ??b)He explained it as follows .(=His explanation was as follows .)他的說明如下。
    ??6.a(chǎn)s for/as to意思是"至于、關(guān)于"。
    ??a)Much pasture land is under water; and as for the grain,most of which has been ruined.大部分牧場都進(jìn)了水,至于谷物,大部分都被沖毀了。
    ??注:as for在語體上不如as to正式;前者著重話題的轉(zhuǎn)換,因此,它不能用于文章的開頭。例如:
    ??b)As to the question you raised in your last letter ,I think....關(guān)于你上封信提出的問題,我認(rèn)為……。
    ??7.a(chǎn)s good as意思是"差不多,幾乎"。此外,該結(jié)構(gòu)還保留其原意"和……一樣好"。
    ?
    ??a)Don't worry,the matter 's as good as settled.別擔(dān)心,問題差不多已經(jīng)解決了。
    ??b)When the car was repaired,it looked as good as new.當(dāng)這輛車修好的時候,它看起來差不多像新的一樣。
    ??8.a(chǎn)s and when"到時候",指將來的某一未定的事或時候。
    ??We'll decide on our team as and when we qualify for the competition.我們等到有資格參加比賽時,再來決定本隊的參賽人員。
    ??9.a(chǎn)s if you were/are
    ??a)He walks as if he were drunk.他走路的樣子好像是喝醉了似的。(說話人認(rèn)為他并沒有喝
    醉)
    ??b)He walks as if he is drunk.他走路好像喝醉了。
    ??注:一般來講,如果as if表達(dá)的內(nèi)容與事實(shí)相反或者是一種假使,通常使用虛擬語氣。如例句?a)。如果as if所表達(dá)的內(nèi)容被看作是事實(shí),就要使用陳述語氣。如例句b)。
    ??10.a(chǎn)s it were /was(is)
    ??a)As it was,they had no unity,no sense of cooperation .事實(shí)上,他們不團(tuán)結(jié),沒有合作意識。
    ??注:as it is /was是個成語,意思是:"事實(shí)上、實(shí)際上"。而as it were在意義和用法上與
    ?
    ??as it is /was完全不同,意思是:"可以說是、似乎是、仿佛",它所表達(dá)的內(nèi)容不太肯定。例如:
    ??b)He is ,as it were,a walking dictionary.他簡直可以說是一部活字典。
    ??c)He is my best friend,my brother as it were.他是我的朋友,可以說是我的兄弟。
    ??11.a(chǎn)s long ago as/as long as
    ??a)As long ago as the eleventh century the Chinese people not only invented the com pass but also used it in navigation.早在十一世紀(jì)中國人就不僅發(fā)明了指南針,而且還把它用到航海上。
    ??b)I'm happy as long as you are happy.只要你幸福,我就感到幸福。
    ??c)As long as you act so m ean,you can't expect anybody to do anything for you.由于
    你行為卑劣,你不要指望有人會幫助你。
    ??注:as long ago as可譯為"早在……"。見例句a)。as long as/so long as引導(dǎo)一個條件狀語從句,通常譯為"只要"。見例句b)。此外,它還可以引導(dǎo)原因狀語從句。見例句c)。
    ??12.a(chǎn)s long as /so long as
    ??a)You can go out ,as long as you promise to be back before 10o'clock.只要你答應(yīng)10點(diǎn)鐘以前回來,你就可以出去。
    ??注:當(dāng)as long as和so long as作"只要"解時,可以看作是同義的,但是,當(dāng)用于同級比較時,只能用as long as,而不能用so long as。見例句b)。
    ??b)You can stay here as long as you want.你希望在這里呆多久就呆多久。