語序的調(diào)整
英、漢相同點(diǎn)：“主語＋謂語＋賓語”（ＳＶＯ）或“施事＋行為＋受事”為基本語序
英、漢相異點(diǎn)：句內(nèi)的語序的靈活性，以及定語、狀語等次要成分位置的差異，漢譯英需要調(diào)整語序
句內(nèi)主要成分位置的調(diào)整
沙發(fā)上坐著一個(gè)人。
A man was sitting on a couch.
馬可·波羅的中國之行，給他留下最深刻印象的是杭州西湖之秀美。
The beauty of the West Lake in Hangzhou was what impressed Marco Polo most during his trip to China.
狀語位置的調(diào)整
漢語狀語的位置一般在主語和謂語之間，呈“主語→狀語→謂語→賓語”模式；英語狀語一般出現(xiàn)在賓語后的句尾，呈“主語→謂語→賓語→狀語”模式。
1) 我們明天上午九時(shí)動(dòng)身。
We are going to start at nine tomorrow morning.
2) 這本書是三天前買的。
The book was bought three days ago.
3) 他每晚都要看電視。
He watches TV every evening.
4) 在機(jī)器中很多能量是由于部件之間的摩擦而損失的。
In a machine a great deal of energy is lost because of the friction between its parts.
5) 他們很細(xì)心地觀察化學(xué)變化。
They observed the chemical reaction with great care.
They observed with great care the chemical reaction.
6) 他們肩并肩地以瘋狂速度向那座石塔奔去。
They ran side by side at a fantastic speed towards the stone pagoda.
Side by side and at a fantastic speed they ran towards the stone pagoda.
Side by side they ran at a fantastic speed towards the stone pagoda.
一系列表示時(shí)間，地點(diǎn)，方式狀語位置的調(diào)整
在漢語中通常排列為“時(shí)間→地點(diǎn)→方式→動(dòng)詞”的順序，而在英語中則通常排列為“動(dòng)詞→方式→地點(diǎn)→時(shí)間”的順序。
大會(huì)將于①今年九月②在北京③隆重開幕。
The meeting will begin ceremoniously in Beijing the following September.
①他每晚②都在圖書館③用心讀書。
He reads hard in the library every evening.
他①一九三五年②八月③二十二日④早晨⑤六點(diǎn)三十分誕生在⑴湖南的⑵一個(gè)小縣城。
He was born in a small town of Hunan Province at six thirty on the morning of August 22, 1935.
設(shè)在位于①紐約市②中心③一座摩天大樓④第四十層樓里的⑤那間辦公室，就是他工作的小天地。
The office on the fortieth floor of a skyscraper in the center of New York City is the world he works in.
定語位置的調(diào)整
浩瀚的大海
The vast sea
古老的中原文化
The time-honored Central Plain culture
舉世聞名的萬里長城
The world-famous Great Wall
一九四九年解放以前，中國人民曾經(jīng)遭受①世界罕見的②惡性通貨膨脹的災(zāi)禍。
Before liberation in 1949 the Chinese people suffered from ②some of the worst inflation①the world had ever known.
①中國現(xiàn)存②規(guī)模③保存最完好的古代建筑群。
③the best-preserved ②magnificent ancient architectural complexes①in China
英、漢相同點(diǎn)：“主語＋謂語＋賓語”（ＳＶＯ）或“施事＋行為＋受事”為基本語序
英、漢相異點(diǎn)：句內(nèi)的語序的靈活性，以及定語、狀語等次要成分位置的差異，漢譯英需要調(diào)整語序
句內(nèi)主要成分位置的調(diào)整
沙發(fā)上坐著一個(gè)人。
A man was sitting on a couch.
馬可·波羅的中國之行，給他留下最深刻印象的是杭州西湖之秀美。
The beauty of the West Lake in Hangzhou was what impressed Marco Polo most during his trip to China.
狀語位置的調(diào)整
漢語狀語的位置一般在主語和謂語之間，呈“主語→狀語→謂語→賓語”模式；英語狀語一般出現(xiàn)在賓語后的句尾，呈“主語→謂語→賓語→狀語”模式。
1) 我們明天上午九時(shí)動(dòng)身。
We are going to start at nine tomorrow morning.
2) 這本書是三天前買的。
The book was bought three days ago.
3) 他每晚都要看電視。
He watches TV every evening.
4) 在機(jī)器中很多能量是由于部件之間的摩擦而損失的。
In a machine a great deal of energy is lost because of the friction between its parts.
5) 他們很細(xì)心地觀察化學(xué)變化。
They observed the chemical reaction with great care.
They observed with great care the chemical reaction.
6) 他們肩并肩地以瘋狂速度向那座石塔奔去。
They ran side by side at a fantastic speed towards the stone pagoda.
Side by side and at a fantastic speed they ran towards the stone pagoda.
Side by side they ran at a fantastic speed towards the stone pagoda.
一系列表示時(shí)間，地點(diǎn)，方式狀語位置的調(diào)整
在漢語中通常排列為“時(shí)間→地點(diǎn)→方式→動(dòng)詞”的順序，而在英語中則通常排列為“動(dòng)詞→方式→地點(diǎn)→時(shí)間”的順序。
大會(huì)將于①今年九月②在北京③隆重開幕。
The meeting will begin ceremoniously in Beijing the following September.
①他每晚②都在圖書館③用心讀書。
He reads hard in the library every evening.
他①一九三五年②八月③二十二日④早晨⑤六點(diǎn)三十分誕生在⑴湖南的⑵一個(gè)小縣城。
He was born in a small town of Hunan Province at six thirty on the morning of August 22, 1935.
設(shè)在位于①紐約市②中心③一座摩天大樓④第四十層樓里的⑤那間辦公室，就是他工作的小天地。
The office on the fortieth floor of a skyscraper in the center of New York City is the world he works in.
定語位置的調(diào)整
浩瀚的大海
The vast sea
古老的中原文化
The time-honored Central Plain culture
舉世聞名的萬里長城
The world-famous Great Wall
一九四九年解放以前，中國人民曾經(jīng)遭受①世界罕見的②惡性通貨膨脹的災(zāi)禍。
Before liberation in 1949 the Chinese people suffered from ②some of the worst inflation①the world had ever known.
①中國現(xiàn)存②規(guī)模③保存最完好的古代建筑群。
③the best-preserved ②magnificent ancient architectural complexes①in China