關(guān)系代詞：
who，which，that作從句的主語(yǔ)
whom，which，that作從句的賓語(yǔ)(可省略)
whose從句中作定語(yǔ)
以下情況只能用that，不能用which:
i. 先行詞為不定代詞all, little, none，any，every，no，much, anything, nothing
ii. 先行詞有級(jí)和序數(shù)詞修飾時(shí)(包括: the only, the very, the same, the last, the next等)
iii. 先行詞既有人又有物的時(shí)候
以下情況只能用which，不能用that;
① 引導(dǎo)非限制性定語(yǔ)從句(包括代表整個(gè)主句的意思時(shí))
② 介詞+關(guān)系代詞的結(jié)構(gòu)中
關(guān)系副詞：
when指時(shí)間，在定語(yǔ)從句中作時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)
where指地點(diǎn)，在定語(yǔ)從句中作地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)
why指原因，在定語(yǔ)從句中作原因狀語(yǔ)，只修飾reason。
如果用定語(yǔ)從句把兩個(gè)句子合二為一:首先找出兩個(gè)句子當(dāng)中相同的部分，定語(yǔ)從句修飾的就是這一部分。要把其中一個(gè)句子變成定語(yǔ)從句，就要把這句中相同的那個(gè)部分用一個(gè)關(guān)系詞來(lái)代替;代替時(shí)，先看被代替的部分是指人還是指物、再看它作什么句成分。指人并作主語(yǔ)的，就用who?；騮hat;指人并作賓語(yǔ)的，就用whom或that;指人并作定語(yǔ)的，就用whose。指物并作主語(yǔ)的，就用which或that認(rèn)指物并作賓語(yǔ)的，還是用which或that認(rèn)是物并作定語(yǔ)的，就用whose或of which。這樣找好并替換以后，再把這個(gè)關(guān)系代詞放到要變成定語(yǔ)從句的那個(gè)句子的最前面(被代替的部分不能再保留，其它的詞語(yǔ)一律不變)，這個(gè)句子就變成了定語(yǔ)從句。然后，再把這個(gè)定語(yǔ)從句整個(gè)放在被修飾的詞后面，最后，如果還有其它句子成分，就把它們放到定語(yǔ)從句的后面，就行了。
例如：
Have you found the book? You were looking for the book yesterday.
在這兩個(gè)句子中，the book是相同的，定語(yǔ)從句修飾的就是the book。把后面這一句變成定語(yǔ)從句，找個(gè)關(guān)系詞來(lái)代替the book;在將要被變成定語(yǔ)從句的名子中，the book是物并作賓語(yǔ)，所以用which或that代替它。
然后把which或that放到本句的最前面，其它的詞和語(yǔ)序一律不變。這時(shí)，就成了"that/which you were looking for yesterday?”，再把這個(gè)定語(yǔ)從句整個(gè)放在被修飾的詞后面，就成了“have you found the book that/which you were looking for yesterday?”定語(yǔ)從句就完成了，主句是問(wèn)句，所以句末用問(wèn)號(hào)。that/which代替的是原句中的賓語(yǔ)，原句變成了從句，它們?nèi)匀蛔鲝木涞馁e語(yǔ)。關(guān)系代詞在從句中作賓語(yǔ)時(shí)可以省略，因此上句又可變成“have you found the book you were looking for yesterday?”.
請(qǐng)同學(xué)們照上面的例子，把下面變定語(yǔ)從句的步驟說(shuō)出來(lái)(括號(hào)里的可以省略):
( 1 ) "The dog belongs to the Browns. It ate my fish yesterday."
……The dog which/that ate my fish yesterday belongs to the Browns。
(2) "The lady has gone to the police station. Her car has been stolen."
……The lady whose car has been stolen has gone to the police station.
(3) "I' ve seen the film. His girl friend played the leading role In it.''
……I' ve seen the film {which / that) his girl friend played the leading role in
……I’ve seen the film in which his girl friend played the leading role.
……His girl friend played the leading role in the film {which/that) I’ve seen.
關(guān)系副詞與此同理。只是關(guān)系副詞代替的是原句中的狀語(yǔ)。在被代替
之前，這個(gè)狀語(yǔ)中一定要含有一個(gè)與另一句相同的成分。
who，which，that作從句的主語(yǔ)
whom，which，that作從句的賓語(yǔ)(可省略)
whose從句中作定語(yǔ)
以下情況只能用that，不能用which:
i. 先行詞為不定代詞all, little, none，any，every，no，much, anything, nothing
ii. 先行詞有級(jí)和序數(shù)詞修飾時(shí)(包括: the only, the very, the same, the last, the next等)
iii. 先行詞既有人又有物的時(shí)候
以下情況只能用which，不能用that;
① 引導(dǎo)非限制性定語(yǔ)從句(包括代表整個(gè)主句的意思時(shí))
② 介詞+關(guān)系代詞的結(jié)構(gòu)中
關(guān)系副詞：
when指時(shí)間，在定語(yǔ)從句中作時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)
where指地點(diǎn)，在定語(yǔ)從句中作地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)
why指原因，在定語(yǔ)從句中作原因狀語(yǔ)，只修飾reason。
如果用定語(yǔ)從句把兩個(gè)句子合二為一:首先找出兩個(gè)句子當(dāng)中相同的部分，定語(yǔ)從句修飾的就是這一部分。要把其中一個(gè)句子變成定語(yǔ)從句，就要把這句中相同的那個(gè)部分用一個(gè)關(guān)系詞來(lái)代替;代替時(shí)，先看被代替的部分是指人還是指物、再看它作什么句成分。指人并作主語(yǔ)的，就用who?；騮hat;指人并作賓語(yǔ)的，就用whom或that;指人并作定語(yǔ)的，就用whose。指物并作主語(yǔ)的，就用which或that認(rèn)指物并作賓語(yǔ)的，還是用which或that認(rèn)是物并作定語(yǔ)的，就用whose或of which。這樣找好并替換以后，再把這個(gè)關(guān)系代詞放到要變成定語(yǔ)從句的那個(gè)句子的最前面(被代替的部分不能再保留，其它的詞語(yǔ)一律不變)，這個(gè)句子就變成了定語(yǔ)從句。然后，再把這個(gè)定語(yǔ)從句整個(gè)放在被修飾的詞后面，最后，如果還有其它句子成分，就把它們放到定語(yǔ)從句的后面，就行了。
例如：
Have you found the book? You were looking for the book yesterday.
在這兩個(gè)句子中，the book是相同的，定語(yǔ)從句修飾的就是the book。把后面這一句變成定語(yǔ)從句，找個(gè)關(guān)系詞來(lái)代替the book;在將要被變成定語(yǔ)從句的名子中，the book是物并作賓語(yǔ)，所以用which或that代替它。
然后把which或that放到本句的最前面，其它的詞和語(yǔ)序一律不變。這時(shí)，就成了"that/which you were looking for yesterday?”，再把這個(gè)定語(yǔ)從句整個(gè)放在被修飾的詞后面，就成了“have you found the book that/which you were looking for yesterday?”定語(yǔ)從句就完成了，主句是問(wèn)句，所以句末用問(wèn)號(hào)。that/which代替的是原句中的賓語(yǔ)，原句變成了從句，它們?nèi)匀蛔鲝木涞馁e語(yǔ)。關(guān)系代詞在從句中作賓語(yǔ)時(shí)可以省略，因此上句又可變成“have you found the book you were looking for yesterday?”.
請(qǐng)同學(xué)們照上面的例子，把下面變定語(yǔ)從句的步驟說(shuō)出來(lái)(括號(hào)里的可以省略):
( 1 ) "The dog belongs to the Browns. It ate my fish yesterday."
……The dog which/that ate my fish yesterday belongs to the Browns。
(2) "The lady has gone to the police station. Her car has been stolen."
……The lady whose car has been stolen has gone to the police station.
(3) "I' ve seen the film. His girl friend played the leading role In it.''
……I' ve seen the film {which / that) his girl friend played the leading role in
……I’ve seen the film in which his girl friend played the leading role.
……His girl friend played the leading role in the film {which/that) I’ve seen.
關(guān)系副詞與此同理。只是關(guān)系副詞代替的是原句中的狀語(yǔ)。在被代替
之前，這個(gè)狀語(yǔ)中一定要含有一個(gè)與另一句相同的成分。