寬帶接入—“最后一公里”技術(shù)(中英對照)[2]

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FTTC的一種典型應(yīng)用是非對稱數(shù)字用戶線路(ADSL)。
     ADSL正在作為家庭和小型辦公室的Internet連接技術(shù)出現(xiàn)。依據(jù)距離的不同,對于12 000英尺或18 000英尺,它提供了從網(wǎng)絡(luò)到用戶的1. 5Mb/s或6Mb/s和從用戶到網(wǎng)絡(luò)的64Kb/s或640Kb/s的高速連接。在兩個方向有不同速度使它得到了不對稱的稱謂。ADSL的設(shè)計(jì)利用了這樣一個事實(shí):視頻點(diǎn)播、在家工作和Internet信息訪問等應(yīng)用本來就是不對稱的。用戶向網(wǎng)絡(luò)發(fā)送一個簡短的報文,而收到大量的數(shù)據(jù):或是一部電影或是數(shù)據(jù)下載。在這樣的情況下,向網(wǎng)絡(luò)發(fā)低速信息流是沒問題的。
     ADSL在用戶需要之處給出了大帶寬,并且只用一對銅線。通過多路復(fù)用,它還能為打普通電話保留4kHz的帶寬。但如果需要對稱的信息流(在校園網(wǎng)或電視會議應(yīng)用中需要這種對稱信息流)ADSL就不能令人滿意。
     除了ADSL以外,使用電話網(wǎng)的FTTC還有其他一些類型。它們是對稱SDSL、高比特率HDSL、甚高數(shù)據(jù)傳輸率VDSL和速率自適應(yīng)RADSL,這些DSL的變種都可用xDSL表示。
     光纜到路邊(FTTC)的另一種設(shè)計(jì)方案是使用現(xiàn)有的有線電視基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施,如圖15-2所示。這里使用的是多點(diǎn)電纜,而不是電話系統(tǒng)中的點(diǎn)對點(diǎn)系統(tǒng)。如圖15-1與圖15-2所示的這兩種系統(tǒng)今后有可能共同存在,因?yàn)殡娫捁九c有線電視將成為在語音、數(shù)據(jù),甚至是電視業(yè)務(wù)上的直接競爭者。
     通常把這種接入技術(shù)成為混合同軸光纜技術(shù),它是由有線電視行業(yè)開發(fā)的,將光纜和傳統(tǒng)的同軸電纜相結(jié)合,同家庭提供雙向、高速數(shù)據(jù)接入。
    EXERCISES
    1.Fill in the blanks with appropriate words or phrases.
    (1)___still exists between the telecommunication offices and Internet users.
    (2)Broadband networks usually use___as transmission medium.
    (3)To solve so called“Last Kilometer”problem we have two solutions,one is FTTH, another is ___.
    (4)A typical application of the FTTC that a telephone subscriber uses is___.
    (5)___will coexist in the future.
    (6)A variety of DSL can be represented by___.
    (7)HFC networks use technology of___.
    (8)HDSL is abbreviated from___.
    (9)The access traffic in ADSL system are inherently___.
    (10)There is a___between fiber and copper cable TV wire.
     a.ADSL and HFC b.high bit rate DSL
     c.A bottleneck d.junction box
     e.FTTC f.a(chǎn)symmetrical
     g.ADSL h.xDSL
     i.optical fiber j.cable TV network來源:www.examda.com  
    2.True / False.
    (1)___Broadband network techniques have been used both in WAN and in LAN.
    (2)___Broadband networks almost use twisted pairs as its’s transmission medium.
    (3)___HFC network is a point-to-point system.
    (4)___When we hold a videoconference we need ADSL to transfer voice and image.
    (5)___In ADSL system over 100 to 1000 customers can share a 1 Gb/s fiber.
    (6)___Copper wire can’t transmit high-bandwidth signals for long distance.
    (7)___FTTH fits in well with the current system.
    (8)___A user of the ADSL can send a ton of data up to the Internet.
    (9)___Local loops in FTTC may be 100 meters instead of 3km.
    (10)___HFC can provide two-way,high- speed data access to the home.
    答案:
    1.
    (1)c (2)i (3)e (4)g
    (5)a (6)h (7)j (8)b
    (9)f (10)d
    2.
    (1)t (2)f (3)f (4)f
    (5)t (6)t (7)f (8)f
    (9)t (10)t