美國校園口語11-20

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11.Two-word Verbs 成語動詞
    A: Hi, Mary, how are you doing?
    B: Fine. What happended to you yesterday? I didn't see you in class.
    A: Oh, I overslept as usual. What went on anyway?
    B: We heard about two-word verbs.
    A: What's a two-word verb?
    B: Things like drop in, go over, get out, fill up. Listen to these two sentences: citation will run in the third race tomorrow; Mr.Lee will run in to see you tomorrow. Can you tell which run in is the two-word verb?
    Notes
    How are you doing? 同how are you? (美國人見面時(shí)常用的問候語)
    What happened to you yesterday? 昨天你出了什么事?
    What went on? 發(fā)生了什么事?
    Citation 一匹賽馬的名字
    Run in 順便來訪
    A:喂,瑪麗,你好嗎?
    B:很好。昨天你出了什么事?我在課堂上沒有見到你。
    A:啊,像往常一樣睡過頭了,難道有什么事?
    B:我們學(xué)了一些成語動詞。
    A:什么成語動詞?
    B:像drop in, go over, get out, fill up這些詞。聽聽下面這兩句話:Citation will run in the third race tomorrow; Mr.Lee will run in to see you tomorrow. 這兩句中都有run in,你能說出哪一個(gè)是成語動詞嗎?
    12.More Two-word Verbs 又一些成語動詞
    A: I hadn't finished telling you about two-word verbs, Bob.
    B: Do I have to hear more? I'm not sure I can follow it.
    A: Sure you can. This part is the most interesting.
    B: Okay. Go ahead.
    A: Well, here are sentences with two-word verbs with objects:
    I can't get over
    I can't get it over
    I can't get over it
    I can't get him over it
    They all mean different things
    B: Can you explain how they're different?
    A: Each part or both parts of the two-word verb can have an object. The verb may have different meanings with different objects, or different arrangements of object. Is that clear? You look confused.
    B: I'm not confused, I was just thinking.
    Notes
    Follow-understand
    Get over 越過(如籬笆)
    Get it over 解釋,講清楚
    Get over it 從(驚嚇、疾病)恢復(fù)過來
    Get him over it 使他忘卻(遺憾、悲傷)
    A:鮑勃,關(guān)于成語動詞,我還沒有對你講完。
    B:我還需要聽你講嗎?我不知道是否能理解。
    A:你當(dāng)然能理解。這一部分是有意思的。
    B:好,說吧。
    A:嗯,下列這些句子里的成語動詞有賓語:
    I can't get over
    I can't get it over
    I can't get over it
    I can't get him over it
    這些句子的意思都不相同。
    B:你能否解釋一下怎么不同?
    A:成語動詞的每個(gè)部分或兩個(gè)部分可以有一個(gè)賓語。動詞加上不同的賓語或賓語的不同組合,就可以有不同的含意。清楚了嗎?你好像弄糊涂了。
    B:我沒有糊涂。我只是在思考。
    13. Speak up 大聲說話
    A: I thought I was speaking English fairly well. Now I'm not so sure.
    B: What did you say?
    A: I said I thought I spoke pretty good English, but people keep asking me to repeat what I've said, so maybe I'm not doing so well after all.
    B: There's nothing wrong with your English. It's just that no one can hear what you're saying.
    A: Is that what's wrong? But I think it's impolite to talk loudly.
    B: You don't have to shout, but you do have to make yourself heard. Maybe Americans talk louder than other people. If so, you'll just have to speak louder,too.
    Notes
    Fairly well 挺不錯(cuò)
    Is that what's wrong? 這就是問題所在嗎?
    Make yourself heard 讓別人聽得見你說的話
    A:我本以為自己的英語說得不錯(cuò)?,F(xiàn)在我又不那么有把握了。
    B:你說什么?
    A:我說我以為自己英語說得不錯(cuò),但人們老是要我重復(fù)我說過的話?;蛟S我說的并不那么好。
    B:你的英語沒有問題。只是沒有人聽得見你在說什么。
    A:毛病就在這里嗎?可是我覺得大聲說話是不禮貌的。
    B:你不一定要大聲喊叫,但你應(yīng)該讓別人聽得見你的話。也許美國人說話聲音比別的人要響。如果這樣,你說話聲音也大一些就是了。
    14. Learning a language 學(xué)習(xí)一種語言
    A: To speak a language, one must know its grammar almost completely, not just its vocabulary or its sounds, not even sets of rules for constructing sentences. But one can't learn a language by studying only its grammar. If you do this, you may learn only the grammar and not the language. Instead, by memorizing how to use them, one can learn both the grammar of the language and the language.
    Notes
    Instead-rather
    A great many-a great deal
    A:為了能說一種語言,一個(gè)人不僅要掌握詞匯和發(fā)音,以及一系列造句的規(guī)則,還應(yīng)對語法做到差不多融匯貫通。但是僅僅學(xué)習(xí)語法,還不能掌握一種語法。如果只做到這點(diǎn),那你學(xué)會的可能只是語法,而不是語言。相反,記住大量句子并學(xué)會使用這些句子,就能既學(xué)會語法,又學(xué)會語言。
    15. Easy and Difficult 易學(xué)的和難學(xué)的語言
    A: People always say that Chinese and English are very hard to learn. Sometimes I wish I were learning French or Japanese. Maybe they'd be easier.
    B: Maybe, but maybe not too. It all depends on what language you already speak.
    A: Why should that be? What diffrence does it make?
    B: Well, languages are more or less equally difficult. Most of the things one language says must be said by every language in some way.
    A: You mean I could learn Chinese easily?
    B: No, because your native language is Spanish. But Italian might be easy. It has a lot of words that are similar to words in Spanish. Even the sound systems are more similar than that of Chinese is to Spanish. How difficult a language is to learn depends mostly on how much it resembles your own language.
    Notes
    Sound system-the total arrangement of the vocal units of a language
    Resembles-is like
    A:人們常說漢語和英語是很難學(xué)的。有的時(shí)候我想要是我學(xué)法語或日語就好了。也許這兩種語言容易些。
    B:可能,不過也可能不太容易。這要看你原來是說什么語言的。
    A:為什么呢?這有什么關(guān)系?
    B:哦,語言大體上都是同樣地難學(xué)。一種語言中所說的絕大部分東西,在別的語言中差不多都有。
    A:你的意思是說我學(xué)漢語會很容易?
    B:不,因?yàn)槟愕哪刚Z是西班牙語。所以意大利語可能容易些。它有很多詞同西班牙語相似。連它的語音體系也比漢語更接近西班牙語。一種語言是否難學(xué),主要看它在多大程度上同自己的語言相近。
    16. American English Rhythm 美國英語的節(jié)拍
    A: Hello, Harry. Where are you off to?
    B: I'm going home to study my English lesson.
    A: English lesson?
    B: Yes. I'm trying to learn a little more. I don't always understand what people say, and they don't always understand me.
    A: What're you learning about?
    B: Well. For instance, some words in a sentence. The time between two of these stressed words is always about the same, no matter how many words there are. This is what makes English sound jerky. First you go very fast, and then perhaps you slow up.
    A: Hmmmm. I never noticed that. Give me an example.
    B: Sure, Here's a sentence we memorized for class. “You told me last night not to let you argue me out of getting you up on time.”It takes just as long to say“not to let you argue me out of getting you up on time”as it does to say“you told me last night”
    Notes
    Accented-stressed
    Jerky 不規(guī)則地跳動
    A:你好,哈里,你到哪兒去?
    B:我回家去溫習(xí)英語課。
    A:英語課?
    B:是的,我想盡量多學(xué)一點(diǎn)。我總是聽不懂人家講的話,別人也聽不懂我講的話。
    A:我在學(xué)習(xí)什么呢?
    B:嗯,例如,在一句話中的有些詞是加重語氣的,讀音較重。不論一句中有多少加重的詞,其中兩個(gè)詞間隔的時(shí)間總是幾乎一樣的。這就使英語的音調(diào)顯得不平穩(wěn)。開始你說得很快,后來可能慢下來。
    A:哦,我倒從來沒有注意到這點(diǎn)。給我舉個(gè)例子。
    B:可以。這兒有一句我們在上課時(shí)應(yīng)記住的話:“You told me last night not to let you argue me out of getting you up on time.”在說“not to let you argue me out of getting you up on time”這段話的時(shí)間就和說“you told me last night”這句話一樣長。
    17. “No”and“Not” “No”和“Not”
    A: Hi, Mary. How've things been? I haven't heard anything about your English investigation for weeks. What're you studying now?
    B: Now it's negative-“no”and“not”, to be specific.
    A: There's nothing particularily unusual about “no”and“not”, is there?
    B: Not a lot, really. The main thing seems to be that “not”is used with verbs, and “no”everywhere else.
    Notes
    How've things been? 情況如何?(問候用語)
    Investigations-research
    A:你好,瑪麗。你過得怎樣?我有好幾個(gè)星期沒聽到有關(guān)你研究英語的情況了。你正在學(xué)習(xí)什么?
    B:現(xiàn)在正在學(xué)否定詞--“No”和“Not”。
    A:對于“No”和“Not”沒有什么特別要注意的地方,是嗎?
    B:的確沒有什么,看來主要點(diǎn)在于“Not”和動詞連用,而在其他地方用“No”。
    18. Turning in 上床睡覺
    A: I guess I'll turn in, Bob. It's been a long day.
    B: I've got a chapter to read for tomorrow, so I'll be up for a while yet. I'll turn off the heat and lock the door before I go to bed.
    A: Okay. What time are you getting up tomorrow?
    B: Oh, the usual time. No, wait a minute. Make sure I'm up before you go to work, will you? I've got a quiz at ten. It wouldn't hurt to read over my notes.
    A: I'll try, but when seven o'clock comes around, don't forget you asked me to wake you.
    B: Good night, Joe.
    Notes
    Turn in 上床睡覺
    Be up for a while 等一會兒(再睡)
    Quiz 小型考試、測驗(yàn)
    It wouldn't hurt to-it would be wise to come around 到來
    A:我想我要上床了,鮑勃。今天很累了。
    B:我還有一章要讀完,這是明天的功課,所以我要等一會兒再睡。在我上床以前我會關(guān)掉暖氣和鎖上門的。
    A:好的。明天你幾點(diǎn)起床?
    B:啊,老樣子。不,等一等。記住,我要在你上班之前起來,好嗎?十點(diǎn)鐘我有一個(gè)小型考試。好能再讀一遍我的筆記。
    A:我盡量做到,不過到七點(diǎn)鐘時(shí)別忘了是你要我叫醒你的。
    B:晚安,喬。
    19. Bob on the Telephone 鮑勃在打電話
    A: Hello, Pete. This is Bob. How are you?
    B: Oh, I'm fine.
    A: Where were you this afternoon? You missed an important lecture. Not sick, I hope. That's good. The next time you decide to skip class, check with me first. It wouldn't do for both of us to be absent. We need at least one complete set of notes. By the way, are you still in time wasting mood? Good. Why don't you come over after supper? Joe's off somewhere with date, and I don't feel much like working. About eight o'clock? Swell. And bring some records over, why don't you? Okay. See you then. Goodbye.
    Notes
    Skip class 逃課
    Check with me 讓我知道
    Feel like-want to
    Swell 好極了(口頭語)
    Time-wasting 覺得無聊的,沒事可干
    A:哈羅,皮特,我是鮑勃,你怎么樣?
    B:啊,我很好。
    A:今天下午你在哪兒?你錯(cuò)過了一堂重要課,我想你沒生病吧?那很好,下次你決定要逃課的話,先告訴我一下,我們兩人都缺席不太好。我們至少應(yīng)有一套完整的筆記。順便問問你,你現(xiàn)在還是覺得無聊嗎?好,晚飯后你來好嗎?喬出去約會了,而我不大想工作了。八點(diǎn)左右來怎樣?好極了!帶一些唱片來好嗎?好,到時(shí)見,再見。
    20. Joe's Date 喬的約會
    A: And then we went to a dance after dinner, and after the third dance she tells me that she's practically engaged to some G.I. who's overseas.
    B: So?
    A: What d'ya mean “so”? You don't accept dates if you're practically engaged.
    B: Why not? You only asked her for a date, not for her hand in marriage. There's nothing wrong in going out with a friend from the office.
    A: I know, but it makes me mad. They're all engaged, and they never tell you before you ask them out.
    Notes
    G.I. (美國)大兵
    So?-go on, there's nothing strange about that (這實(shí)際上不是一句疑問句,意思是:這有什么可奇怪的,說下去)
    d'ya mean-do you mean (口語中do you連續(xù),發(fā)d'ya的音)
    For one's hand in marriage 向…求婚
    Go out with sb.-ask to spend some time with sb.
    A:那樣,晚飯后我們?nèi)ヌ?,跳完第三只舞她告訴我,其實(shí)她已經(jīng)同一位海外的大兵訂婚了。
    B:這沒什么。
    A:你說“這沒什么”是什么意思?既然你已訂婚,就不應(yīng)再接受約會。
    B:為什么不可以?你只不過是請她赴約會,又不是向她求婚,同辦公室的一位朋友出去玩玩并沒有什么不對。
    A:我知道,不過這使我很惱火。她們都訂婚了,而如果你不問她們,她們從不告訴你。