52. China's Roadmap .
52、中國(guó)繪制經(jīng)濟(jì)路線圖、
1. China is about to adopt its 11th five-year plan, setting the stage for the continuation of probably the most remarkable economic transformation in history. while improving the well-being of almost a quarter of the world's population. Never before has the world seen such sustained growth; never before has there been so much poverty reduction.
1、中國(guó)即將實(shí)施第十一個(gè)五年規(guī)劃。這是旨在造福于世界近1／4的人口，為或許是歷最為可觀的經(jīng)濟(jì)轉(zhuǎn)型的持續(xù)發(fā)展所做的準(zhǔn)備。在世界范圍內(nèi)這樣可持續(xù)的發(fā)展前所未見，如此大規(guī)模的脫貧亦史無前例。
2. Part of the key to China's long-run success has been its almost unique combination of pragmatism and vision. While much of the rest of' the developing world, following the Washington Consensus, has been directed at a quixotic quest for higher GDP, China has once again made clear that it seeks sustainable and more equitable increases in real living standards.
2、中國(guó)長(zhǎng)期的成功發(fā)展，部分原因在于其近乎無可比擬地將遠(yuǎn)見卓識(shí)與腳踏實(shí)地合而為一。華盛頓共識(shí)形成后，在其他發(fā)展中國(guó)家都不切實(shí)際地致力于提高國(guó)內(nèi)生產(chǎn)總值時(shí)，中國(guó)再次重申，人民實(shí)際生活水平的持續(xù)、均衡提高，才是其追求的目標(biāo)。
3. China realizes that it has entered a phase of economic growth that is imposing enormous—and unsustainable—demands on the environment. Unless there is a change in course, living standards will eventually be compromised. That is why the new five-year plan places great emphasis on the environment.
3、 中國(guó)意識(shí)到其經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展已進(jìn)入了給環(huán)境造成沉重負(fù)擔(dān)的階段，這個(gè)負(fù)擔(dān)甚至讓發(fā)展難以為繼。除非改變做法，否則將最終危及人民生活水平的提高。這也是新的五年規(guī)劃把環(huán)境問題當(dāng)作重中之重的原因所在。
4. Even many of the more backward parts of China have been growing at a pace that would be a marvel, were it not for the fact that other parts of the country are growing even more rapidly. While this has reduced poverty, inequality has been increasing, with growing disparities between cities and rural areas, and between coastal regions and the interior.
4、即使中國(guó)許多更為落后的地區(qū)在以令人驚異的速度發(fā)展，也不能就此忽視這個(gè)國(guó)家的其他地區(qū)發(fā)展速度更為迅捷的事實(shí)。隨著城市和農(nóng)村、沿海和內(nèi)地差距的增大，在削減貧窮的同時(shí)，不平等也在加劇。
5. This year's World Bank World Development Report explains why inequality, not just poverty, should be a concern, and China's 11th five-year plan attacks the problem head-on. The government has for several years talked about a more harmonious society, and the plan describes ambitious programs for achieving this.
5、今年《世界銀行的世界發(fā)展報(bào)告》說明了人們?yōu)楹胃撽P(guān)注不平等問題，而不光是貧窮問題。中國(guó)第十一個(gè)五年規(guī)劃，也著手正面解決這個(gè)問題。近年來政府一直宣傳建立更和諧社會(huì)，第十一個(gè)五年規(guī)劃則描述了實(shí)現(xiàn)和諧社會(huì)的宏圖大計(jì)。
6. China recognizes, too, that what separates less developed from more developed countries is not only a gap in resources, but also a gap in knowledge. So it has laid out bold plans not only to reduce that gap, but to create a basis for independent innovation.
6、中國(guó)也認(rèn)識(shí)到，落后國(guó)家和發(fā)達(dá)國(guó)家不僅在資源上存在著差距，在知識(shí)上也同樣有相當(dāng)距離。因此中國(guó)制定了大膽的計(jì)劃，不僅要縮小這個(gè)差距，還要為獨(dú)立創(chuàng)新奠定基礎(chǔ)。
7. China's role in the world and the world's economy has changed, and the plan reflects this, too. Its future growth will have to be based more on domestic demand than on exports, which will require increases in consumption. Indeed, China has a rare problem: excessive savings. People save partly because of weaknesses in government social-insurance programs; strengthening social security (pensions) and public health and education will simultaneously reduce social inequalities, increase citizens' sense of well-being, and promote current consumption.
7、中國(guó)在全球和世界經(jīng)濟(jì)中扮演的角色已經(jīng)改變，這一點(diǎn)在五年規(guī)劃中也有所反映。中國(guó)未來的發(fā)展將不得不更多地依靠國(guó)內(nèi)需求而非出口，這就需要擴(kuò)大國(guó)內(nèi)消費(fèi)。的確，中國(guó)面對(duì)的問題十分罕見：那就是儲(chǔ)蓄過多。人們大量?jī)?chǔ)蓄的部分原因在于政府的社會(huì)保險(xiǎn)計(jì)劃存在缺陷，強(qiáng)化社會(huì)保險(xiǎn)(養(yǎng)老金)、公共衛(wèi)生和教育之際，亦將減少社會(huì)不平等，增強(qiáng)人們的幸福感并促進(jìn)時(shí)下消費(fèi)。
8. If successful—and, so far, China has almost always surpassed even its own high expectations—these adjustments may impose enormous strains on a global economic system that is already unbalanced by the US' huge fiscal and trade deficits. If China saves less—and if, as officials have announced, it pursues a more diversified policy of investing its reserves—who will finance the US trade deficit of more than US$2 billion a day? This is a topic for another day, but that day may not be far off.
8、一直以來，中國(guó)幾乎每次都能夠超額完成自己設(shè)定的日標(biāo)。眼下的目標(biāo)如果實(shí)現(xiàn)，這些調(diào)整可能會(huì)給因美國(guó)的巨額財(cái)政和貿(mào)易赤字導(dǎo)致本已失衡的全球經(jīng)濟(jì)體系帶來巨大壓力。如果中國(guó)的儲(chǔ)蓄減少，如果像其官方公布的，中國(guó)實(shí)行—種更多樣的儲(chǔ)蓄投資政策，那么誰將認(rèn)購(gòu)美國(guó)一天20多億美元的貿(mào)易赤字?這個(gè)問題目前似乎并非迫在眉睫，但我們距離那天已為時(shí)不遠(yuǎn)。
52、中國(guó)繪制經(jīng)濟(jì)路線圖、
1. China is about to adopt its 11th five-year plan, setting the stage for the continuation of probably the most remarkable economic transformation in history. while improving the well-being of almost a quarter of the world's population. Never before has the world seen such sustained growth; never before has there been so much poverty reduction.
1、中國(guó)即將實(shí)施第十一個(gè)五年規(guī)劃。這是旨在造福于世界近1／4的人口，為或許是歷最為可觀的經(jīng)濟(jì)轉(zhuǎn)型的持續(xù)發(fā)展所做的準(zhǔn)備。在世界范圍內(nèi)這樣可持續(xù)的發(fā)展前所未見，如此大規(guī)模的脫貧亦史無前例。
2. Part of the key to China's long-run success has been its almost unique combination of pragmatism and vision. While much of the rest of' the developing world, following the Washington Consensus, has been directed at a quixotic quest for higher GDP, China has once again made clear that it seeks sustainable and more equitable increases in real living standards.
2、中國(guó)長(zhǎng)期的成功發(fā)展，部分原因在于其近乎無可比擬地將遠(yuǎn)見卓識(shí)與腳踏實(shí)地合而為一。華盛頓共識(shí)形成后，在其他發(fā)展中國(guó)家都不切實(shí)際地致力于提高國(guó)內(nèi)生產(chǎn)總值時(shí)，中國(guó)再次重申，人民實(shí)際生活水平的持續(xù)、均衡提高，才是其追求的目標(biāo)。
3. China realizes that it has entered a phase of economic growth that is imposing enormous—and unsustainable—demands on the environment. Unless there is a change in course, living standards will eventually be compromised. That is why the new five-year plan places great emphasis on the environment.
3、 中國(guó)意識(shí)到其經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展已進(jìn)入了給環(huán)境造成沉重負(fù)擔(dān)的階段，這個(gè)負(fù)擔(dān)甚至讓發(fā)展難以為繼。除非改變做法，否則將最終危及人民生活水平的提高。這也是新的五年規(guī)劃把環(huán)境問題當(dāng)作重中之重的原因所在。
4. Even many of the more backward parts of China have been growing at a pace that would be a marvel, were it not for the fact that other parts of the country are growing even more rapidly. While this has reduced poverty, inequality has been increasing, with growing disparities between cities and rural areas, and between coastal regions and the interior.
4、即使中國(guó)許多更為落后的地區(qū)在以令人驚異的速度發(fā)展，也不能就此忽視這個(gè)國(guó)家的其他地區(qū)發(fā)展速度更為迅捷的事實(shí)。隨著城市和農(nóng)村、沿海和內(nèi)地差距的增大，在削減貧窮的同時(shí)，不平等也在加劇。
5. This year's World Bank World Development Report explains why inequality, not just poverty, should be a concern, and China's 11th five-year plan attacks the problem head-on. The government has for several years talked about a more harmonious society, and the plan describes ambitious programs for achieving this.
5、今年《世界銀行的世界發(fā)展報(bào)告》說明了人們?yōu)楹胃撽P(guān)注不平等問題，而不光是貧窮問題。中國(guó)第十一個(gè)五年規(guī)劃，也著手正面解決這個(gè)問題。近年來政府一直宣傳建立更和諧社會(huì)，第十一個(gè)五年規(guī)劃則描述了實(shí)現(xiàn)和諧社會(huì)的宏圖大計(jì)。
6. China recognizes, too, that what separates less developed from more developed countries is not only a gap in resources, but also a gap in knowledge. So it has laid out bold plans not only to reduce that gap, but to create a basis for independent innovation.
6、中國(guó)也認(rèn)識(shí)到，落后國(guó)家和發(fā)達(dá)國(guó)家不僅在資源上存在著差距，在知識(shí)上也同樣有相當(dāng)距離。因此中國(guó)制定了大膽的計(jì)劃，不僅要縮小這個(gè)差距，還要為獨(dú)立創(chuàng)新奠定基礎(chǔ)。
7. China's role in the world and the world's economy has changed, and the plan reflects this, too. Its future growth will have to be based more on domestic demand than on exports, which will require increases in consumption. Indeed, China has a rare problem: excessive savings. People save partly because of weaknesses in government social-insurance programs; strengthening social security (pensions) and public health and education will simultaneously reduce social inequalities, increase citizens' sense of well-being, and promote current consumption.
7、中國(guó)在全球和世界經(jīng)濟(jì)中扮演的角色已經(jīng)改變，這一點(diǎn)在五年規(guī)劃中也有所反映。中國(guó)未來的發(fā)展將不得不更多地依靠國(guó)內(nèi)需求而非出口，這就需要擴(kuò)大國(guó)內(nèi)消費(fèi)。的確，中國(guó)面對(duì)的問題十分罕見：那就是儲(chǔ)蓄過多。人們大量?jī)?chǔ)蓄的部分原因在于政府的社會(huì)保險(xiǎn)計(jì)劃存在缺陷，強(qiáng)化社會(huì)保險(xiǎn)(養(yǎng)老金)、公共衛(wèi)生和教育之際，亦將減少社會(huì)不平等，增強(qiáng)人們的幸福感并促進(jìn)時(shí)下消費(fèi)。
8. If successful—and, so far, China has almost always surpassed even its own high expectations—these adjustments may impose enormous strains on a global economic system that is already unbalanced by the US' huge fiscal and trade deficits. If China saves less—and if, as officials have announced, it pursues a more diversified policy of investing its reserves—who will finance the US trade deficit of more than US$2 billion a day? This is a topic for another day, but that day may not be far off.
8、一直以來，中國(guó)幾乎每次都能夠超額完成自己設(shè)定的日標(biāo)。眼下的目標(biāo)如果實(shí)現(xiàn)，這些調(diào)整可能會(huì)給因美國(guó)的巨額財(cái)政和貿(mào)易赤字導(dǎo)致本已失衡的全球經(jīng)濟(jì)體系帶來巨大壓力。如果中國(guó)的儲(chǔ)蓄減少，如果像其官方公布的，中國(guó)實(shí)行—種更多樣的儲(chǔ)蓄投資政策，那么誰將認(rèn)購(gòu)美國(guó)一天20多億美元的貿(mào)易赤字?這個(gè)問題目前似乎并非迫在眉睫，但我們距離那天已為時(shí)不遠(yuǎn)。