PETS-2語(yǔ)法講解(289)

字號(hào):


    The flu is going around.
    每逢季節(jié)轉(zhuǎn)變,人們最容易患上流行性感冒(Influenza),簡(jiǎn)稱flu,近年更出現(xiàn)多宗駭人的變種流感病毒,如果流感肆虐的季節(jié),而流感正在傳播,英文可以說(shuō):The flu is going around.,也可說(shuō):It's flu season now(現(xiàn)在是流感季節(jié)),要預(yù)防流感,可以接受疫苗注射,英文可以說(shuō):Get a flu shot to prevent getting the flu (注射疫苗以防流感) 。
    對(duì) 話   Katherine: You look ridiculous in that mask and gloves and why are you wearing protective glasses?
    Marcus: The flu is going around and I'm determined not to get it this year.
    Katherine: But dressed like that you won't get anything else either.
    Marcus: What do you mean?
    Katherine: You won't get asked anywhere and you definitely won't get lucky.
    凱思蓮:你戴上面罩和手套的樣子很滑稽,為什么要戴保護(hù)眼罩?
    馬卡斯:流感正在肆虐,我決定今年不要患上。
    凱思蓮:你穿成這樣子,恐怕什么都得不到。
    馬卡斯:你是什么意思?   凱思蓮:沒(méi)有人會(huì)邀你到任何地方玩,你注定倒霉了。
    Influenza本是意大利文,等于英文的influence(影響)。從前,意大利人認(rèn)為人間受天上星辰影響而爆發(fā)流行性感冒,所以流感叫做influenza。英文借用了這個(gè)字,但現(xiàn)在除了非常嚴(yán)謹(jǐn)?shù)膶懽?,一般都?huì)用簡(jiǎn)寫flu而不用全寫。
    Influenza是不可數(shù)名詞(uncountable noun),不可冠以a,而且和多數(shù)疾病名稱一樣,不可冠以the ,例如:A number of our staff are off with influenza(本公司職員不少患了流行性感冒,不能上班)。不過(guò),簡(jiǎn)寫的flu則用不用the 都可以,例如:I was in bed with (the) flu(我患了流感,臥病在床)。
    要告訴人家 ‘目前流行性感冒肆虐’,你可以說(shuō):The flu is going around at the moment或There is a lot of flu around at present或There is a lot of flu about等。假如那是一種惡性流感,你可以說(shuō):There is a virulent strain of flu going around:virulent是‘惡毒’,strain則是‘品種’或‘類型’。今年肆虐亞洲的禽流感,英文叫bird flu或avian flu,例如:Millions of poultry have been slaughtered in an attempt to contain bird flu(為了防止禽流感蔓延,家禽被殺者數(shù)以百萬(wàn)計(jì))。
    患上流行性感冒,你可以說(shuō):I have caught/contracted/ got the flu(或a dose/bout of the flu)。Dose本來(lái)是指‘一劑(藥)’,但一次疾病來(lái)襲,也可稱為dose或bout,例如:I've got a mild dose /bout of malaria(我患了輕微的瘧疾)。