11.Two-word Verbs 成語動詞
A: Hi, Mary, how are you doing?
B: Fine. What happended to you yesterday? I didn't see you in class.
A: Oh, I overslept as usual. What went on anyway?
B: We heard about two-word verbs.
A: What's a two-word verb?
B: Things like drop in, go over, get out, fill up. Listen to these two sentences: citation will run in the third race tomorrow; Mr.Lee will run in to see you tomorrow. Can you tell which run in is the two-word verb?
Notes
How are you doing? 同how are you? (美國人見面時常用的問候語)
What happened to you yesterday? 昨天你出了什么事？
What went on? 發(fā)生了什么事？
Citation 一匹賽馬的名字
Run in 順便來訪
A：喂，瑪麗，你好嗎?
B：很好。昨天你出了什么事？我在課堂上沒有見到你。
A：啊，像往常一樣睡過頭了，難道有什么事？
B：我們學(xué)了一些成語動詞。
A：什么成語動詞？
B：像drop in, go over, get out, fill up這些詞。聽聽下面這兩句話：Citation will run in the third race tomorrow; Mr.Lee will run in to see you tomorrow. 這兩句中都有run in，你能說出哪一個是成語動詞嗎？
12．More Two-word Verbs 又一些成語動詞
A: I hadn't finished telling you about two-word verbs, Bob.
B: Do I have to hear more? I'm not sure I can follow it.
A: Sure you can. This part is the most interesting.
B: Okay. Go ahead.
A: Well, here are sentences with two-word verbs with objects:
I can't get over
I can't get it over
I can't get over it
I can't get him over it
They all mean different things
B: Can you explain how they're different?
A: Each part or both parts of the two-word verb can have an object. The verb may have different meanings with different objects, or different arrangements of object. Is that clear? You look confused.
B: I'm not confused, I was just thinking.
Notes
Follow-understand
Get over 越過(如籬笆)
Get it over 解釋，講清楚
Get over it 從(驚嚇、疾病)恢復(fù)過來
Get him over it 使他忘卻(遺憾、悲傷)
A：鮑勃，關(guān)于成語動詞，我還沒有對你講完。
B：我還需要聽你講嗎？我不知道是否能理解。
A：你當(dāng)然能理解。這一部分是有意思的。
B：好，說吧。
A：嗯，下列這些句子里的成語動詞有賓語：
I can't get over
I can't get it over
I can't get over it
I can't get him over it
這些句子的意思都不相同。
B：你能否解釋一下怎么不同？
A：成語動詞的每個部分或兩個部分可以有一個賓語。動詞加上不同的賓語或賓語的不同組合，就可以有不同的含意。清楚了嗎？你好像弄糊涂了。
B：我沒有糊涂。我只是在思考。
13. Speak up 大聲說話
A: I thought I was speaking English fairly well. Now I'm not so sure.
B: What did you say?
A: I said I thought I spoke pretty good English, but people keep asking me to repeat what I've said, so maybe I'm not doing so well after all.
B: There's nothing wrong with your English. It's just that no one can hear what you're saying.
A: Is that what's wrong? But I think it's impolite to talk loudly.
B: You don't have to shout, but you do have to make yourself heard. Maybe Americans talk louder than other people. If so, you'll just have to speak louder,too.
Notes
Fairly well 挺不錯
Is that what's wrong? 這就是問題所在嗎？
Make yourself heard 讓別人聽得見你說的話
A：我本以為自己的英語說得不錯?，F(xiàn)在我又不那么有把握了。
B：你說什么？
A：我說我以為自己英語說得不錯，但人們老是要我重復(fù)我說過的話?；蛟S我說的并不那么好。
B：你的英語沒有問題。只是沒有人聽得見你在說什么。
A：毛病就在這里嗎？可是我覺得大聲說話是不禮貌的。
B：你不一定要大聲喊叫，但你應(yīng)該讓別人聽得見你的話。也許美國人說話聲音比別的人要響。如果這樣，你說話聲音也大一些就是了。
14. Learning a language 學(xué)習(xí)一種語言
A: To speak a language, one must know its grammar almost completely, not just its vocabulary or its sounds, not even sets of rules for constructing sentences. But one can't learn a language by studying only its grammar. If you do this, you may learn only the grammar and not the language. Instead, by memorizing how to use them, one can learn both the grammar of the language and the language.
Notes
Instead-rather
A great many-a great deal
A：為了能說一種語言，一個人不僅要掌握詞匯和發(fā)音，以及一系列造句的規(guī)則，還應(yīng)對語法做到差不多融匯貫通。但是僅僅學(xué)習(xí)語法，還不能掌握一種語法。如果只做到這點(diǎn)，那你學(xué)會的可能只是語法，而不是語言。相反，記住大量句子并學(xué)會使用這些句子，就能既學(xué)會語法，又學(xué)會語言。
15. Easy and Difficult 易學(xué)的和難學(xué)的語言
A: People always say that Chinese and English are very hard to learn. Sometimes I wish I were learning French or Japanese. Maybe they'd be easier.
B: Maybe, but maybe not too. It all depends on what language you already speak.
A: Why should that be? What diffrence does it make?
B: Well, languages are more or less equally difficult. Most of the things one language says must be said by every language in some way.
A: You mean I could learn Chinese easily?
B: No, because your native language is Spanish. But Italian might be easy. It has a lot of words that are similar to words in Spanish. Even the sound systems are more similar than that of Chinese is to Spanish. How difficult a language is to learn depends mostly on how much it resembles your own language.
Notes
Sound system-the total arrangement of the vocal units of a language
Resembles-is like
A：人們常說漢語和英語是很難學(xué)的。有的時候我想要是我學(xué)法語或日語就好了。也許這兩種語言容易些。
B：可能，不過也可能不太容易。這要看你原來是說什么語言的。
A：為什么呢？這有什么關(guān)系？
B：哦，語言大體上都是同樣地難學(xué)。一種語言中所說的絕大部分東西，在別的語言中差不多都有。
A：你的意思是說我學(xué)漢語會很容易？
B：不，因?yàn)槟愕哪刚Z是西班牙語。所以意大利語可能容易些。它有很多詞同西班牙語相似。連它的語音體系也比漢語更接近西班牙語。一種語言是否難學(xué)，主要看它在多大程度上同自己的語言相近。
A: Hi, Mary, how are you doing?
B: Fine. What happended to you yesterday? I didn't see you in class.
A: Oh, I overslept as usual. What went on anyway?
B: We heard about two-word verbs.
A: What's a two-word verb?
B: Things like drop in, go over, get out, fill up. Listen to these two sentences: citation will run in the third race tomorrow; Mr.Lee will run in to see you tomorrow. Can you tell which run in is the two-word verb?
Notes
How are you doing? 同how are you? (美國人見面時常用的問候語)
What happened to you yesterday? 昨天你出了什么事？
What went on? 發(fā)生了什么事？
Citation 一匹賽馬的名字
Run in 順便來訪
A：喂，瑪麗，你好嗎?
B：很好。昨天你出了什么事？我在課堂上沒有見到你。
A：啊，像往常一樣睡過頭了，難道有什么事？
B：我們學(xué)了一些成語動詞。
A：什么成語動詞？
B：像drop in, go over, get out, fill up這些詞。聽聽下面這兩句話：Citation will run in the third race tomorrow; Mr.Lee will run in to see you tomorrow. 這兩句中都有run in，你能說出哪一個是成語動詞嗎？
12．More Two-word Verbs 又一些成語動詞
A: I hadn't finished telling you about two-word verbs, Bob.
B: Do I have to hear more? I'm not sure I can follow it.
A: Sure you can. This part is the most interesting.
B: Okay. Go ahead.
A: Well, here are sentences with two-word verbs with objects:
I can't get over
I can't get it over
I can't get over it
I can't get him over it
They all mean different things
B: Can you explain how they're different?
A: Each part or both parts of the two-word verb can have an object. The verb may have different meanings with different objects, or different arrangements of object. Is that clear? You look confused.
B: I'm not confused, I was just thinking.
Notes
Follow-understand
Get over 越過(如籬笆)
Get it over 解釋，講清楚
Get over it 從(驚嚇、疾病)恢復(fù)過來
Get him over it 使他忘卻(遺憾、悲傷)
A：鮑勃，關(guān)于成語動詞，我還沒有對你講完。
B：我還需要聽你講嗎？我不知道是否能理解。
A：你當(dāng)然能理解。這一部分是有意思的。
B：好，說吧。
A：嗯，下列這些句子里的成語動詞有賓語：
I can't get over
I can't get it over
I can't get over it
I can't get him over it
這些句子的意思都不相同。
B：你能否解釋一下怎么不同？
A：成語動詞的每個部分或兩個部分可以有一個賓語。動詞加上不同的賓語或賓語的不同組合，就可以有不同的含意。清楚了嗎？你好像弄糊涂了。
B：我沒有糊涂。我只是在思考。
13. Speak up 大聲說話
A: I thought I was speaking English fairly well. Now I'm not so sure.
B: What did you say?
A: I said I thought I spoke pretty good English, but people keep asking me to repeat what I've said, so maybe I'm not doing so well after all.
B: There's nothing wrong with your English. It's just that no one can hear what you're saying.
A: Is that what's wrong? But I think it's impolite to talk loudly.
B: You don't have to shout, but you do have to make yourself heard. Maybe Americans talk louder than other people. If so, you'll just have to speak louder,too.
Notes
Fairly well 挺不錯
Is that what's wrong? 這就是問題所在嗎？
Make yourself heard 讓別人聽得見你說的話
A：我本以為自己的英語說得不錯?，F(xiàn)在我又不那么有把握了。
B：你說什么？
A：我說我以為自己英語說得不錯，但人們老是要我重復(fù)我說過的話?；蛟S我說的并不那么好。
B：你的英語沒有問題。只是沒有人聽得見你在說什么。
A：毛病就在這里嗎？可是我覺得大聲說話是不禮貌的。
B：你不一定要大聲喊叫，但你應(yīng)該讓別人聽得見你的話。也許美國人說話聲音比別的人要響。如果這樣，你說話聲音也大一些就是了。
14. Learning a language 學(xué)習(xí)一種語言
A: To speak a language, one must know its grammar almost completely, not just its vocabulary or its sounds, not even sets of rules for constructing sentences. But one can't learn a language by studying only its grammar. If you do this, you may learn only the grammar and not the language. Instead, by memorizing how to use them, one can learn both the grammar of the language and the language.
Notes
Instead-rather
A great many-a great deal
A：為了能說一種語言，一個人不僅要掌握詞匯和發(fā)音，以及一系列造句的規(guī)則，還應(yīng)對語法做到差不多融匯貫通。但是僅僅學(xué)習(xí)語法，還不能掌握一種語法。如果只做到這點(diǎn)，那你學(xué)會的可能只是語法，而不是語言。相反，記住大量句子并學(xué)會使用這些句子，就能既學(xué)會語法，又學(xué)會語言。
15. Easy and Difficult 易學(xué)的和難學(xué)的語言
A: People always say that Chinese and English are very hard to learn. Sometimes I wish I were learning French or Japanese. Maybe they'd be easier.
B: Maybe, but maybe not too. It all depends on what language you already speak.
A: Why should that be? What diffrence does it make?
B: Well, languages are more or less equally difficult. Most of the things one language says must be said by every language in some way.
A: You mean I could learn Chinese easily?
B: No, because your native language is Spanish. But Italian might be easy. It has a lot of words that are similar to words in Spanish. Even the sound systems are more similar than that of Chinese is to Spanish. How difficult a language is to learn depends mostly on how much it resembles your own language.
Notes
Sound system-the total arrangement of the vocal units of a language
Resembles-is like
A：人們常說漢語和英語是很難學(xué)的。有的時候我想要是我學(xué)法語或日語就好了。也許這兩種語言容易些。
B：可能，不過也可能不太容易。這要看你原來是說什么語言的。
A：為什么呢？這有什么關(guān)系？
B：哦，語言大體上都是同樣地難學(xué)。一種語言中所說的絕大部分東西，在別的語言中差不多都有。
A：你的意思是說我學(xué)漢語會很容易？
B：不，因?yàn)槟愕哪刚Z是西班牙語。所以意大利語可能容易些。它有很多詞同西班牙語相似。連它的語音體系也比漢語更接近西班牙語。一種語言是否難學(xué)，主要看它在多大程度上同自己的語言相近。