考研英語詞匯復(fù)習(xí)測試題(一)及答案

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1. I was speaking to Ann on the phone when suddenly we were_______.
    (a) hung up (b) hung back ?。╟) cut down ?。╠) cut off
    2. She wondered if she could have the opportunity to spend _______here so that she could learn more about the city.
    (a) sometimes ?。╞) some time ?。╟) sometime ?。╠) some times
    3. Ms. Breen has been living in town for only one year, yet she seems to be _______with everyone who comes to the store.
    (a) accepted  (b) admitted ?。╟) admired  (d) acquainted
    4. He does not _______as a teacher of English as his pronunciation is terrible .
    (a) equal ?。╞) match ?。╟) qualify ?。╠) fit
    5. Dozens of scientific groups all over the world have been _______the goal of a practical and economic way to use sunlight to split water molecules.
    (a) pursuing  (b) chasing ?。╟) reaching ?。╠) winning
    6. The discussion was so prolonged and exhausting that _______the speakers stopped for refreshments .
    (a) at large ?。╞) at intervals ?。╟) at ease  (d) at random
    7. When traveling, you are advised to take travelers checks, which provide a secure _______to carrying your money in cash.
    (a) substitute ?。╞) selection  (c) preference ?。╠) alternative
    8. I never trusted him because I always thought of him as such a ________character.
    ( a) gracious  (b) suspicious  (c) unique ?。╠) particular
    9. Changing from solid to liquid, water takes in heat from all substances near it, and this ________ produces artificial cold surrounding it.
    (a) absorption  (b) transition  (c) consumption ?。╠) interaction
    10. I didn’t say anything like that at all. You are purposely my ideas to prove your point.
    (a) revising ?。╞) contradicting ?。╟) distorting  (d) distracting
    11. Language, culture, and personality may be considered _______of each other in thought, but they are inseparable in fact.
    (a) indistinctly ?。╞) separately  (c) irrelevantly ?。╠) independently
    12. Watching me pulling the calf awkwardly to the barn, the Irish milkmaid fought hard to _______her laughter.
    (a) hold back  (b) hold on  (c) hold out ?。╠) hold up
    13. The manger gave one of the salesgirls an accusing look for her ________attitude toward customers.
    (a) impartial  (b) mild ?。╟) hostile ?。╠) opposing
    14. I________ with thanks the help of my colleagues in the preparation of this new column.
    (a) exress  (b) confess ?。╟) verify ?。╠) acknowledge
    15. It is strictly _______that access to confidential documents is denied to all but a few.
    (a) secured ?。╞) forbidden ?。╟) regulated  (d) determined
    16. The pollution question as well as several other issues is going to be discussed when the congress is in _________again next spring.
    (a) assembly ?。╞) session ?。╟) conference ?。╠) convention
    17. Christmas is a Christian holy day usually celebrated on December 25th _______the birth of Jesus Christ .
    (a) in accordance with  (b) in terms of ?。╟) in favor of ?。╠) in honor of
    18. Since it is late to change my mind now, I am _______to carrying out the plan.
    (a) obliged ?。╞) committed ?。╟) engaged ?。╠) resolved
    19.It was a bold idea to build a power station in the deep valley, but it ________as well as we had hoped.
    (a) came off ?。╞) went off  (c) brought out ?。╠) made out
     20. To survive in the intense trade competition between countries, we must ______the qualities and varieties of products we make to the world market demand .
    (a) improve  (b) enhance ?。╟) guarantee  (d) gear 
     1.本題的答案是(d)
    (a) hung up:把……掛起來,掛斷電話.(b)hung back:猶豫;躊躇不前.(c)cut down:砍倒.(d)cut off:突然中斷,切斷,打斷.(b)、(c)與原句意思較遠(yuǎn),應(yīng)立即排除。(a)雖可作掛斷電話解,但是通常指雙方通話期間,其中一方把電話掛斷。本句的后半句是we are——,顯然在雙方通話期間,沒有任何一方把電話掛斷,而是外來因素(如:接線員)把我們的通話突然中斷了。(d)符合句意,應(yīng)填(d)。
    2.本題的答案是(b)
    (a) sometimes:有時(shí).(b)some time:一些時(shí)間.(c)sometime:以前的,一度的,前任的.(d)some times:在某些場合,不時(shí).從句意上看,應(yīng)填(b)。全句的意思是:她不知道她是否有機(jī)會在此處花一些時(shí)間以便使她更多了解這個(gè)城市的情況。
    3.本題的答案是(d)
    四個(gè)備選答案中能和with相搭配的只有(d)acquainted,與with連在一起意為熟悉.故應(yīng)選(d)。(a)accepted:接受,(b)admitted:承認(rèn),接受和(c)admired:羨慕均不能與with相搭配,故均應(yīng)排除。
    4.本題的答案是(c)
    (a) equal作動(dòng)詞用時(shí)意為等于,比得上.(b)match:與……相匹敵,使較量.(c)qualify:有資格.(d)fit:使合適,使符合.根據(jù)句意,應(yīng)選(c)qualify.全句的意思是:他當(dāng)英文教師不夠資格,因?yàn)樗陌l(fā)音糟透了。
    5.本題的答案是(a)
    goal只與四個(gè)備選答案中的(a)pursuing:追求,尋求和(c)reaching達(dá)到相搭配,故(b)chasing:追逐和(d)winning:贏得應(yīng)立即排除。由于(c)reaching (the goal)指已達(dá)到的目標(biāo),實(shí)際上句中所說的利用太陽光分裂水分子的方法仍在摸索中,尚未變成現(xiàn)實(shí),故(c)也應(yīng)排除。(a)pursuing指正在尋求達(dá)到上述目標(biāo)的方法,符合句意,故(a)為正確答案。
    6.本題的答案是(b)
    (a) at large:自由行動(dòng),消遙自在地.(b)at intervals:不時(shí),時(shí)時(shí).(c)at ease:不緊張,自由自在.(d)at random:隨便,隨機(jī)的,隨意的.根據(jù)句意應(yīng)填(b)。全句的意思是:講座會開得那么冗長使人精疲力盡,致使發(fā)言的人不時(shí)停下來喝點(diǎn)飲料。refreshments也可作點(diǎn)心解。
    7.本題的答案是(d)
    (a) substitute:代替,代替物.(b)selection:選擇,指從相當(dāng)數(shù)量中進(jìn)行選擇,強(qiáng)調(diào)數(shù)量多和慎重的判斷和鑒別。(c)preference:喜歡,偏愛,強(qiáng)調(diào)選擇時(shí)個(gè)人的偏愛。
    (d)altermative:兩者或兩者以上挑一;取舍,抉擇.根據(jù)題意,外出旅行,帶錢時(shí)只有少數(shù)幾種選擇:現(xiàn)款;旅行支票或信用卡。四個(gè)備選答案中,最接近題意的是(d) alternative:從兩個(gè)(或兩個(gè)以上)中挑其中一種選擇.故(d)為正確答案。
    8.本題的答案是(b)
    (a) gracious:有禮貌的,寬厚的,優(yōu)美的.(b)suspicious:多疑的,可疑的,常指所懷疑的對象或事情未必是真的,帶有疑神疑鬼、神經(jīng)過敏的含義。(c)unique:獨(dú)一無二的,的.(d)particular:特別的,帶有引人注目的意思。根據(jù)句意,應(yīng)選(b)。全句的意思為:我從不相信他,因?yàn)槲铱傉J(rèn)為他是那種多疑的人。判斷時(shí)請注意,句子前半句是我從不相信他,根據(jù)邏輯關(guān)系,故可以肯定后面描述他的字眼肯定不是什么好字眼,四個(gè)備選答案中,唯有(b)是帶貶義的詞,故可肯定(b)為正確答案。
    9.本題的答案是(a)
    (a) absorption:吸收.(b)transition:傳送,過渡,傳遞.(c)consumption:消費(fèi),消耗.(d)interaction:相互作用.根據(jù)句意,應(yīng)填(a)。四個(gè)選項(xiàng)都是以-tion為結(jié)尾,但意思卻相差甚遠(yuǎn)。全句的意思是:水從固態(tài)變成液態(tài)時(shí),吸收它周圍所有物質(zhì)的熱量,而這種吸收便在它的周圍產(chǎn)生人為的低溫狀態(tài)。
    10.本題的答案是(c)
    (a) revising:改編,修改.(b)contradicting:自相矛盾.(c)distorting:歪曲,曲解.(d)distracting:分神,打擾,迷惑.很明顯,備選答案中只有(c)distorting符合句意,故(c)為正確答案。(a)、(b)和(d)填入句中均說不通,或很別扭,故均應(yīng)排除。
    11.本題的答案是(d)
    (a) indistinctly:不清楚地,分不清地,強(qiáng)調(diào)看不清、聽不清,以致無法弄清。
    (b)separately:分離地,強(qiáng)調(diào)可以分開的。(c)irrelevantly:無關(guān)地,不相干地,強(qiáng)調(diào)相互沒有關(guān)系。(d)independently:獨(dú)立地,單獨(dú)地,強(qiáng)調(diào)獨(dú)立性,與別的人、事關(guān)系不大。根據(jù)題意,只有(d)比較接近原句子的意思,故應(yīng)選(d)。全句意為:語言、文化和個(gè)性可以認(rèn)為是在意識形態(tài)中相互獨(dú)立的,但事實(shí)上它們是無法分開的。
    12.本題的答案是(a)
    (a) hold back:忍住,抑制,躊躇.(b)hold on:繼續(xù),堅(jiān)持.(c)hold out:伸出,堅(jiān)持.(d)hold up:阻擋,舉起,攔截.四個(gè)備選答案中,(a)比較接近句意,故應(yīng)選(a)。全句意思為:看到我費(fèi)勁地把小牛拉回牲口棚,那愛爾蘭擠奶女工極力忍住沒笑出聲來。
    13.本題的答案是(c)
    (a) impartial:公正的.(b) mild:溫和的.(c) hostile:敵對的.(d) opposing:面對的,相對的,相反的.根據(jù)句意,(c)與句意最為接近,故應(yīng)選(c)。全句的意思是:經(jīng)理向其中一位女售貨員投以指責(zé)的目光,因?yàn)樗龑︻櫩统謹(jǐn)硨B(tài)度。
    14.本題的答案是(d)
    (a)express:表示,表達(dá),指表達(dá)思想或感情。(b)confess:坦白,指犯了錯(cuò)誤或犯了罪之后坦白自己的錯(cuò)誤或罪行。(c)verify:證實(shí),相證,核實(shí),指核對某事是否屬實(shí)。
    (d)acknowledge:承認(rèn),主要指承認(rèn)事實(shí)。顯然,(d)最接近句子的意思,故應(yīng)選(d)。全句的意思是:我以感激的心情承認(rèn)在準(zhǔn)備這個(gè)新的專欄時(shí)我的同事給我的幫助。
    15.本題的答案是(c)
    (a) secured:為……作保,使安全.(b) forbidden:禁止.(c) regulated:規(guī)定.(d) determined:決定.四個(gè)備選答案中(c)最接近句意,故應(yīng)選(c)。全句意思為:嚴(yán)格規(guī)定:除極少數(shù)人外,所有其他人不得接觸機(jī)密文件。
    16.本題的答案是(b)
    (a) assembly:大會,指有許多人參加的,計(jì)劃和安排周到的大會。如聯(lián)合國大會是general assembly .(b) session通常置于in之后,表示在開會,指一次會議、一屆會議或美國國會每次開會。(c) conference:會議,指正式的,有許多人或有許多國家代表參加的討論或磋商某一嚴(yán)重問題的會議。(d) convention:會議,常指政府或某政治團(tuán)體舉行的會議,也可以指州級或會議。(b)顯然最接近句意,故應(yīng)選(b)。全句的意思是:污染問題和若干其他問題將在明年春天舉行的國會會議上進(jìn)行討論。
    17.本題的答案是(d)
    (a)in accordance with:根據(jù),比較正規(guī)的字眼,通常指根據(jù)國家法律規(guī)定或某些重要條例的規(guī)定。(b)in terms of:就……而言,以……措詞,關(guān)于.(c)in favor of:喜歡.(d)in honor of:紀(jì)念;招待.很明顯(d)最接近句意。故應(yīng)選(d)。全句的意思是:圣誕節(jié)是基督教神圣的日子,通常在12月25日舉行慶祝,以紀(jì)念耶穌基督的誕辰。
    18.本題的答案是(b)
    (a)(be)obliged to:對……很感激;不得不,后接名詞或后接不定式(作不得不解),不接動(dòng)名詞。例如:i am very much obliged to you for telling me.我非常感謝你告訴我。(后接代名詞you)。she was obliged to abandon the idea.她被迫放棄那種想法。(后接不定式)。本句to之后是動(dòng)名詞carrying,故(a)應(yīng)排除。(b)(be)committed(to):同意承擔(dān);答應(yīng)干某事,后接動(dòng)名詞、不定式、名詞均可。例如:he was committed to fulfilling the task within two weeks.后接動(dòng)名詞fulfilling,符合題意,故(b)為正確答案。(c)engaged (in):從事……,后接介詞in.而本題的空白處后為to+動(dòng)名詞。(c)明顯不符合題意,故(c)也應(yīng)立即排除。(d)resolved (to):決心,后接不定式,不接動(dòng)名詞,故(d)也應(yīng)排除。
    19.本題的答案是(a)
    (a)came off:結(jié)果;離開;舉行;實(shí)現(xiàn),成功,這個(gè)短語的意思很多,大家要注意區(qū)分。(b)went off:離去;變壞,爆炸.(c)brought out:使出現(xiàn);出版,公布.(d)made out:書寫,拼湊,完成.從題意上看,(a)最為合適,故應(yīng)選(a)。全句的意思是:在深山谷建造一座發(fā)電站是一個(gè)大膽的設(shè)想,但結(jié)果和我們原來希望的一樣。
    20.本題的答案是(d)
    (a) improve:改善,是個(gè)及物動(dòng)詞,后面直接接名詞作賓語,但不再加to+…n,本句后面有這種to+n…的結(jié)構(gòu),故(a)不符合題目的句型結(jié)構(gòu),應(yīng)排除。(b)enhance:增加,提高,及物動(dòng)詞,后面也可接名詞作賓語,但不再接to+n……的結(jié)構(gòu),故也應(yīng)排除。(c)guarantee:保證,擔(dān)保,保修,是及物動(dòng)詞,后不接to+n……的結(jié)構(gòu),故也應(yīng)排除。(d)gear(to):使適應(yīng),使適合,(d)與本題結(jié)構(gòu)相吻合,故應(yīng)選(d)。(a)、(b)和(c)表面上意思與題意接近或吻合,但與本考題后半部分的to+n不吻合,故均應(yīng)排除。全句的意思是:為了在國與國之間的激烈競爭中能生存下去,我們必須使我們的產(chǎn)品質(zhì)量和品種適應(yīng)世界市場需求。