Lesson Three 1. startle : to disturb suddenly as surprise驚嚇。
如:starling news/s startling discovery (disturbing,frightening )令人震驚的新聞/ 發(fā)現(xiàn)He startled us when he slammmed the door so loudly. 他砰的一聲把門關(guān)上,讓我們大吃一驚。
The noise startled me out of my sleep.喧嘩之聲把我從夢(mèng)中驚醒。
2.a. motion : to make a motion or gesture, as with the hand (用手等)作示意。
如:He motioned me to sit down. 他向我作了個(gè)手勢(shì),讓我坐下。
b. look over: examine, esp . briefly檢查。
如:I will look over your paper soon .我會(huì)很快看一下你的論文。
We looked over several new models before deciding.我們看過(guò)了幾種新的模型之后才做了決定。
He asked my age , height , weihgt and marriage status , and then looked me over。 他詢問(wèn)了我的年齡,身高,體重和婚姻狀況,然后打量了一番。
3. eye sb. up and down上下仔細(xì)打量。
如:They eyed the stanger up and down . 他們對(duì)那陌生人仔細(xì)上下打量了一番。
4. be up to sb. to do sth.: be one‘s responsbility to do sth.由……負(fù)責(zé)做……。
如:It‘s up to you to break the news to him . 應(yīng)該由你向他透露這條消息。
It‘s up to them to make the change .應(yīng)該由他們作這個(gè)變化。
5. in profusion : a great amount quantity( of something )充足。
如;a great profusion of colors = colors in rich profusion五顏六色profuse : adj. generous, lavish 豐富。
如:The critics were profuse in their praise of the new novel . 批評(píng)家慷慨地贊揚(yáng)了那部小說(shuō)。
He was profuse in his thanks for the help.他盛情感激他的幫助。
Be profuse with one‘s money 花錢大手大腳。
6. a sore throat:喉嚨痛, sore ; physically painful or sensitive, such as a wound or diseased part疼痛如:I‘m sore all over from the heavy work I did yesterday . 昨天干了一天重活,全身上下都痛了。
7. in my best professional manner :以我的職業(yè)方式;manner: a way of doing things做事情的方式。
manner: courtesy 禮貌。
如:good manner 有禮貌。
It‘s bad manner to spaek with your mouth full . 嘴巴里滿滿的對(duì)人說(shuō)話是不禮貌的。
8. coax : attempt to influence by gentle persuasion哄騙。
如:He tried to coax the secret from me . 他試圖哄騙我說(shuō)出秘方。
9. on the chance: counting on the slight possibility 懷著希望,也許可能。
on the off chance :抱著微弱的希望。
如;She applied on the off chance . 她抱著微弱的希望作了申請(qǐng)。
He offered the information on the chance that it might prove useful.他提供了信息,指望能有所幫助。
10. admonish: to warn or caution gently, to report mildly 訓(xùn)誡。
如;admonish sb. against sth. 勸戒……提防……: The teacher admonshed us against being late .( = us not to be late .)老師訓(xùn)教我們不要遲到。
He admonished him of the need for sincerity.他警告我為人必須真誠(chéng)。
11. a. savage : mercilessly cruel, uncivillzeed , wild 野蠻的。
如:a savage attack on野蠻攻擊; a savage lion野蠻的獅子: savage manners 野蠻的態(tài)度savage scenery殘酷的場(chǎng)面。
12. a. ensue: follow as a consequence跟隨,緊跟。
如:After the heavy rains , floods ensued. 大雨之后緊跟著發(fā)了洪水。
during the ensuing months / in the enusing year 隨后的幾個(gè)月/ 年;the war and the ensuing disorder戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)以及隨后緊跟著的混亂。
b. abject : humiliating and wretched ; contemptible and despicable可憐,可鄙的。
如:an abject apology 低聲下氣的道歉。
a. crushed: subdued壓服。
13. a. agony: extreme and prolonged suffering極大的痛苦。
如:in agony處于痛苦之中;pile up the agony 苦上加苦;in an agony of joy悲喜交加。
b. apprehension ; uneasiness and fear恐懼,擔(dān)心。
如:feel(show) apprehensions for the safety (failure )對(duì)安全(失?。└械剑@得)
很擔(dān)心。
14. let go of 松開(kāi),放開(kāi)。
如:He let go of the rope . 他放開(kāi)了繩子。
15. clench: close tightly緊緊抓住。
如:He clenched the cigar in his teeth .他用牙齒緊緊夾住香煙。
He clenched his fists in frustrations . 他沮喪地緊握拳頭。
with clenched teeth 咬緊牙關(guān)。
16. a. desist : to cease , such as from some action 停止。
如;The company was forced to desist from false advertising . 公司被迫停止虛假?gòu)V告。
They desisted from evil ways .他們停止為非作歹。
b. “ should + 不定式完成體” 在這里所表示的是一種非真實(shí)情況,表達(dá)了作者一種遺憾的感情色彩。
在如:I should have come earlier .我本該早點(diǎn)來(lái)。
He should have taken my advice .他本應(yīng)接受我的建議。
17. a. neglect=negligence 疏忽neglect : pay no attention or too little attention to不(夠)重視,注意。
如;You shouldn‘t neglect your health . 你不應(yīng)該忽視自己的健康。
Benign neglect善意的疏忽;total neglect 完全疏忽;parental neglect養(yǎng)子不教。
b. case : the actual state of things 情況。
如;If that‘s the case, you’d better give it up .如果情況確實(shí)如此,你放棄。
18. go at assault ; begin or proceed vigorously攻擊,開(kāi)始,進(jìn)發(fā)。
如;The tow cocks are going at each other . 兩個(gè)公雞互相爭(zhēng)斗。
The students tend to go at their studies before the examination . 學(xué)生一般會(huì)在考試前才開(kāi)始學(xué)習(xí)。
19. beyond reason 沒(méi)有理由。 beyond : outside the limits of……超出……范圍。
如:beyond human power超出人力所能為;beyond human endurance讓人無(wú)法忍受;beyond description難以形容。
20. overpower : 1) overcome (someone or something) by superior force壓倒,制服2 ) affect or impress deeply or powerfully 使……無(wú)法忍受。
be overpowered by heat(grief )炎熱(悲痛)難忍。
Lesson Four 1. dodge: avoid, evade or elude 逃避。
如;He was accused of dodging his taxes . 他被指控逃稅。
You shouldn‘t dodge your responsibilities.你不能回避責(zé)認(rèn)。
move aside suddenly 突然閃開(kāi)。
如:I dodged out of the way when he threw a chair at me . 他將椅子向我扔來(lái)的時(shí)候,我急忙閃開(kāi)。
2. condemn: express an unfavorable judgement or opinion of 譴責(zé)。
如:We condemned empty talk instead of hard work. 我們譴責(zé)只說(shuō)空話不務(wù)實(shí)的行為。
3. to come to light : to be discovered or revealed 暴露。
如;On investigation some new facts came to light . 一經(jīng)調(diào)查,一些新的事實(shí)就被暴露了。
It has now come to light that he was financially backed by some interest group. 人們剛剛得知,他受到了某個(gè)利益集團(tuán)的經(jīng)濟(jì)支持。
4. languish : 1) become feeble;droop ; lose liveliness or the will to do things凋萎,有氣無(wú)力。
如;languish from the heat /in prison/ in his dull job由于天氣炎熱/ 坐牢/ 工作乏味而萎靡不振。
2 ) suffer from a feeling of longing 苦思。
如;languish for some kind words/her love 苦苦期盼一些安慰的話語(yǔ)/ 她的愛(ài)。
5. moral: the moral teaching or practical lesson continued in a fable, tale , experience,etc.寓意。
如;There is a moral to the story . 這個(gè)故事有個(gè)寓意。
6. bizarre: unusual in appearance, style, or characters外貌,風(fēng)格或性格怪異。
如;a bizarre coincidence 一次奇怪的巧合;his bizrre behavior 他怪異的行為。
7. at her own request 根據(jù)她本人的要求。
另如:He wrote this book at the request of his……他根據(jù)……的要求寫(xiě)了那本書(shū)。
8. vote on:就……進(jìn)行表決。
如:Let‘s vote on this issue, since we can’t agree . 既然我們不能達(dá)成一致意見(jiàn),就來(lái)投票表決吧。
9. inprivate: not publicly , secretly 私下。
如:Such a thing is best discussed in private . 這種事情私下討論。
He can be very rube in private, though he is usually polite in public .他私下可能很粗魯,但在大眾面前通常彬彬有禮。
10. taboo adj.忌諱的,禁止的。
如:This topic is taboo on the campus . 校園里忌諱討論這個(gè)話題。
11. A. prolong: cause sth. to continue longer延長(zhǎng)。
如:I have to prolong my stay here for another three days . 我必須繼續(xù)在這里呆三天時(shí)間。
You should not have prolonged the ceremony .你本不該延長(zhǎng)儀式的時(shí)間。
B. throes : agony痛苦。
如;in death throes 處于臨終痛苦。
12. hold out: continue to last 堅(jiān)持,挺住。
如:Can you hold out much longer?你能再堅(jiān)持一段時(shí)間嗎?
13. administer to apple as a remedy 施用。
如:administer laws 執(zhí)行法律。
The doctor administered some me medicine to the girl .醫(yī)生給女孩施用了一些藥。
14. comply with : act in accordance with wishes, requirements or conditions 遵守(意愿,要求或條件等)。
如;You ought to comply with the rules /the demands/ the law/ the requests. 你應(yīng)該遵守規(guī)章/ 命令/ 法律/ 要求。
15. pose danger 造成危險(xiǎn)。
pose: cause sth. to exist導(dǎo)致產(chǎn)生。
另如:pose problems 引起問(wèn)題。
16. by contrast 相比之下。
By contrast , his brother is quite easygoing . 相比之下,他的兄弟比較好相處。
17. usher in: herald 預(yù)報(bào),宣告。
如;usher in a new age of prosperity宣告新的繁榮時(shí)期的到來(lái)。
The rising sun ushered in a new day . 太陽(yáng)的升起宣告新的一天開(kāi)始了。
The cuckoo ushered in Spring. 布谷鳥(niǎo)宣布春天到來(lái)。
如:starling news/s startling discovery (disturbing,frightening )令人震驚的新聞/ 發(fā)現(xiàn)He startled us when he slammmed the door so loudly. 他砰的一聲把門關(guān)上,讓我們大吃一驚。
The noise startled me out of my sleep.喧嘩之聲把我從夢(mèng)中驚醒。
2.a. motion : to make a motion or gesture, as with the hand (用手等)作示意。
如:He motioned me to sit down. 他向我作了個(gè)手勢(shì),讓我坐下。
b. look over: examine, esp . briefly檢查。
如:I will look over your paper soon .我會(huì)很快看一下你的論文。
We looked over several new models before deciding.我們看過(guò)了幾種新的模型之后才做了決定。
He asked my age , height , weihgt and marriage status , and then looked me over。 他詢問(wèn)了我的年齡,身高,體重和婚姻狀況,然后打量了一番。
3. eye sb. up and down上下仔細(xì)打量。
如:They eyed the stanger up and down . 他們對(duì)那陌生人仔細(xì)上下打量了一番。
4. be up to sb. to do sth.: be one‘s responsbility to do sth.由……負(fù)責(zé)做……。
如:It‘s up to you to break the news to him . 應(yīng)該由你向他透露這條消息。
It‘s up to them to make the change .應(yīng)該由他們作這個(gè)變化。
5. in profusion : a great amount quantity( of something )充足。
如;a great profusion of colors = colors in rich profusion五顏六色profuse : adj. generous, lavish 豐富。
如:The critics were profuse in their praise of the new novel . 批評(píng)家慷慨地贊揚(yáng)了那部小說(shuō)。
He was profuse in his thanks for the help.他盛情感激他的幫助。
Be profuse with one‘s money 花錢大手大腳。
6. a sore throat:喉嚨痛, sore ; physically painful or sensitive, such as a wound or diseased part疼痛如:I‘m sore all over from the heavy work I did yesterday . 昨天干了一天重活,全身上下都痛了。
7. in my best professional manner :以我的職業(yè)方式;manner: a way of doing things做事情的方式。
manner: courtesy 禮貌。
如:good manner 有禮貌。
It‘s bad manner to spaek with your mouth full . 嘴巴里滿滿的對(duì)人說(shuō)話是不禮貌的。
8. coax : attempt to influence by gentle persuasion哄騙。
如:He tried to coax the secret from me . 他試圖哄騙我說(shuō)出秘方。
9. on the chance: counting on the slight possibility 懷著希望,也許可能。
on the off chance :抱著微弱的希望。
如;She applied on the off chance . 她抱著微弱的希望作了申請(qǐng)。
He offered the information on the chance that it might prove useful.他提供了信息,指望能有所幫助。
10. admonish: to warn or caution gently, to report mildly 訓(xùn)誡。
如;admonish sb. against sth. 勸戒……提防……: The teacher admonshed us against being late .( = us not to be late .)老師訓(xùn)教我們不要遲到。
He admonished him of the need for sincerity.他警告我為人必須真誠(chéng)。
11. a. savage : mercilessly cruel, uncivillzeed , wild 野蠻的。
如:a savage attack on野蠻攻擊; a savage lion野蠻的獅子: savage manners 野蠻的態(tài)度savage scenery殘酷的場(chǎng)面。
12. a. ensue: follow as a consequence跟隨,緊跟。
如:After the heavy rains , floods ensued. 大雨之后緊跟著發(fā)了洪水。
during the ensuing months / in the enusing year 隨后的幾個(gè)月/ 年;the war and the ensuing disorder戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)以及隨后緊跟著的混亂。
b. abject : humiliating and wretched ; contemptible and despicable可憐,可鄙的。
如:an abject apology 低聲下氣的道歉。
a. crushed: subdued壓服。
13. a. agony: extreme and prolonged suffering極大的痛苦。
如:in agony處于痛苦之中;pile up the agony 苦上加苦;in an agony of joy悲喜交加。
b. apprehension ; uneasiness and fear恐懼,擔(dān)心。
如:feel(show) apprehensions for the safety (failure )對(duì)安全(失?。└械剑@得)
很擔(dān)心。
14. let go of 松開(kāi),放開(kāi)。
如:He let go of the rope . 他放開(kāi)了繩子。
15. clench: close tightly緊緊抓住。
如:He clenched the cigar in his teeth .他用牙齒緊緊夾住香煙。
He clenched his fists in frustrations . 他沮喪地緊握拳頭。
with clenched teeth 咬緊牙關(guān)。
16. a. desist : to cease , such as from some action 停止。
如;The company was forced to desist from false advertising . 公司被迫停止虛假?gòu)V告。
They desisted from evil ways .他們停止為非作歹。
b. “ should + 不定式完成體” 在這里所表示的是一種非真實(shí)情況,表達(dá)了作者一種遺憾的感情色彩。
在如:I should have come earlier .我本該早點(diǎn)來(lái)。
He should have taken my advice .他本應(yīng)接受我的建議。
17. a. neglect=negligence 疏忽neglect : pay no attention or too little attention to不(夠)重視,注意。
如;You shouldn‘t neglect your health . 你不應(yīng)該忽視自己的健康。
Benign neglect善意的疏忽;total neglect 完全疏忽;parental neglect養(yǎng)子不教。
b. case : the actual state of things 情況。
如;If that‘s the case, you’d better give it up .如果情況確實(shí)如此,你放棄。
18. go at assault ; begin or proceed vigorously攻擊,開(kāi)始,進(jìn)發(fā)。
如;The tow cocks are going at each other . 兩個(gè)公雞互相爭(zhēng)斗。
The students tend to go at their studies before the examination . 學(xué)生一般會(huì)在考試前才開(kāi)始學(xué)習(xí)。
19. beyond reason 沒(méi)有理由。 beyond : outside the limits of……超出……范圍。
如:beyond human power超出人力所能為;beyond human endurance讓人無(wú)法忍受;beyond description難以形容。
20. overpower : 1) overcome (someone or something) by superior force壓倒,制服2 ) affect or impress deeply or powerfully 使……無(wú)法忍受。
be overpowered by heat(grief )炎熱(悲痛)難忍。
Lesson Four 1. dodge: avoid, evade or elude 逃避。
如;He was accused of dodging his taxes . 他被指控逃稅。
You shouldn‘t dodge your responsibilities.你不能回避責(zé)認(rèn)。
move aside suddenly 突然閃開(kāi)。
如:I dodged out of the way when he threw a chair at me . 他將椅子向我扔來(lái)的時(shí)候,我急忙閃開(kāi)。
2. condemn: express an unfavorable judgement or opinion of 譴責(zé)。
如:We condemned empty talk instead of hard work. 我們譴責(zé)只說(shuō)空話不務(wù)實(shí)的行為。
3. to come to light : to be discovered or revealed 暴露。
如;On investigation some new facts came to light . 一經(jīng)調(diào)查,一些新的事實(shí)就被暴露了。
It has now come to light that he was financially backed by some interest group. 人們剛剛得知,他受到了某個(gè)利益集團(tuán)的經(jīng)濟(jì)支持。
4. languish : 1) become feeble;droop ; lose liveliness or the will to do things凋萎,有氣無(wú)力。
如;languish from the heat /in prison/ in his dull job由于天氣炎熱/ 坐牢/ 工作乏味而萎靡不振。
2 ) suffer from a feeling of longing 苦思。
如;languish for some kind words/her love 苦苦期盼一些安慰的話語(yǔ)/ 她的愛(ài)。
5. moral: the moral teaching or practical lesson continued in a fable, tale , experience,etc.寓意。
如;There is a moral to the story . 這個(gè)故事有個(gè)寓意。
6. bizarre: unusual in appearance, style, or characters外貌,風(fēng)格或性格怪異。
如;a bizarre coincidence 一次奇怪的巧合;his bizrre behavior 他怪異的行為。
7. at her own request 根據(jù)她本人的要求。
另如:He wrote this book at the request of his……他根據(jù)……的要求寫(xiě)了那本書(shū)。
8. vote on:就……進(jìn)行表決。
如:Let‘s vote on this issue, since we can’t agree . 既然我們不能達(dá)成一致意見(jiàn),就來(lái)投票表決吧。
9. inprivate: not publicly , secretly 私下。
如:Such a thing is best discussed in private . 這種事情私下討論。
He can be very rube in private, though he is usually polite in public .他私下可能很粗魯,但在大眾面前通常彬彬有禮。
10. taboo adj.忌諱的,禁止的。
如:This topic is taboo on the campus . 校園里忌諱討論這個(gè)話題。
11. A. prolong: cause sth. to continue longer延長(zhǎng)。
如:I have to prolong my stay here for another three days . 我必須繼續(xù)在這里呆三天時(shí)間。
You should not have prolonged the ceremony .你本不該延長(zhǎng)儀式的時(shí)間。
B. throes : agony痛苦。
如;in death throes 處于臨終痛苦。
12. hold out: continue to last 堅(jiān)持,挺住。
如:Can you hold out much longer?你能再堅(jiān)持一段時(shí)間嗎?
13. administer to apple as a remedy 施用。
如:administer laws 執(zhí)行法律。
The doctor administered some me medicine to the girl .醫(yī)生給女孩施用了一些藥。
14. comply with : act in accordance with wishes, requirements or conditions 遵守(意愿,要求或條件等)。
如;You ought to comply with the rules /the demands/ the law/ the requests. 你應(yīng)該遵守規(guī)章/ 命令/ 法律/ 要求。
15. pose danger 造成危險(xiǎn)。
pose: cause sth. to exist導(dǎo)致產(chǎn)生。
另如:pose problems 引起問(wèn)題。
16. by contrast 相比之下。
By contrast , his brother is quite easygoing . 相比之下,他的兄弟比較好相處。
17. usher in: herald 預(yù)報(bào),宣告。
如;usher in a new age of prosperity宣告新的繁榮時(shí)期的到來(lái)。
The rising sun ushered in a new day . 太陽(yáng)的升起宣告新的一天開(kāi)始了。
The cuckoo ushered in Spring. 布谷鳥(niǎo)宣布春天到來(lái)。