雅思考試的提問方法和布局
作文是許多雅思考生心中永遠的痛，凱德雅思提出“十篇作文搞定雅思六分”(以下稱“十篇”)幫助許多學生實現(xiàn)了有效率的提高寫作水平和分數(shù)。
教學方法的革新永遠是學生的福音，作為新穎的教學方法，“十篇”教學法的第一階段是扎實基礎，通過專門的寫作詞匯整理學習，結(jié)構(gòu)、技巧、論證的方法掌握了解，和閱讀有效的范圍，每個學生都能夠得到長足的進步，當然一切的前提是有效，所有的基礎工作都是建立在凱德教研組研究的基礎上，學生所學習的內(nèi)容都是新有效的部分，這種效率的工作讓不少學生克服了作文的病痛，取得了高分。
當然，在正式練習寫作的階段，不同基礎的學生將在老師的指導下完成不同主題、不同篇幅的文章，這些文章都是經(jīng)過嚴格的篩選，由于每次考試的預測內(nèi)容不同，每個班級的學生拿到的文章甚至略有不同。通過典型性文章的寫作練習，也就是說寫文章很有可能就是即將考到的文章，學生掌握每種文章的方法，也學習了舉一反三的能力，就能夠輕松應對雅思作文考試。
那么2006年究竟考什么？學生要注意什么？在本篇中，我做一個大致的勾勒，具體考試內(nèi)容預測還要在每場考試之前。
不變應萬變 無招勝有招
先了解一下雅思寫作題目要求，IELTS寫作的題目一般分成兩部分：話題和提問。
比如：Scientific and technological advances have produced many benefits as well as problems in our daily lives. However, most scientists in the world are no longer able to find the solutions of the problems they have created. To what extent do you agree or disagree with this opinion. Give your reasons.
前兩句是話題，后兩句是提問。話題部分主要告訴考生寫作的內(nèi)容；而提問部分則影響文章的結(jié)構(gòu)，不同的提問方式會有不同的文章結(jié)構(gòu)，根據(jù)這些不同的提問方法，一般的情況，我總結(jié)為以下的幾種，并且羅列了相應的文章布局：
I.Discuss
Eg: 2005年7月9日
Some people think the government should pay for health care and education, but other people do not think it the government’s responsibility. Discuss both and give your opinion.
應對文章布局：這種文章一般寫四段：首段表明不同的人有不同的觀點；正文段要寫兩段，一段寫正方，一段寫反方；結(jié)尾段總結(jié)一下并表明自己的觀點。
II. Advantages and Disadvantages
Eg: 2005年5月14日
Some school leavers go to travel or work for a period of time instead of going directly to university. What are the advantages and disadvantages for their studies?
應對文章布局：這種文章一般也寫四段：首段表明既有好處
又有壞處；正文段分別說明其好處和壞處；后總結(jié)一下。
III. Agree or Disagree
Eg: 2005年6月25日
People think that the news media has influenced people’s lives nowadays, and it is a negative development. To what extent do you agree or disagree?
應對文章布局：這種文章有兩種寫法：1。一邊倒的寫法；2。兩面寫(即同意的理由和不同意的理由)。
IV. Your Opinion
Eg: 2005年3月5日
Some academic subjects are useful for children’s future career while others such as music and sports are not so useful. What is your opinion. Give your reasons.
應對文章布局：這種文章一般寫5段：首段表明觀點；正文段分3段分別舉出3個理由來證明自己的觀點；后總結(jié)一下。
V. Problem, Reasons and Solutions
Eg: 2005年1月22日
Statistics suggest that nowadays an increasing number of crimes are committed by the young people. Explain the reasons for this and give solutions.
應對文章布局：這種文章一般寫四段：首段分析現(xiàn)象；正文段分兩段交代造成這種現(xiàn)象的原因；后給出2-3個解決方法。
這是雅思考試五種基本需要了解的提問方法類型，學生一定要學會判斷類型，再根據(jù)類型迅速反應出相應的文章布局和結(jié)構(gòu)。這個基礎是無論雅思考試如何變化，學生都必須了解的常識。
三種?？荚掝}
作文是許多雅思考生心中永遠的痛，凱德雅思提出“十篇作文搞定雅思六分”(以下稱“十篇”)幫助許多學生實現(xiàn)了有效率的提高寫作水平和分數(shù)。
教學方法的革新永遠是學生的福音，作為新穎的教學方法，“十篇”教學法的第一階段是扎實基礎，通過專門的寫作詞匯整理學習，結(jié)構(gòu)、技巧、論證的方法掌握了解，和閱讀有效的范圍，每個學生都能夠得到長足的進步，當然一切的前提是有效，所有的基礎工作都是建立在凱德教研組研究的基礎上，學生所學習的內(nèi)容都是新有效的部分，這種效率的工作讓不少學生克服了作文的病痛，取得了高分。
當然，在正式練習寫作的階段，不同基礎的學生將在老師的指導下完成不同主題、不同篇幅的文章，這些文章都是經(jīng)過嚴格的篩選，由于每次考試的預測內(nèi)容不同，每個班級的學生拿到的文章甚至略有不同。通過典型性文章的寫作練習，也就是說寫文章很有可能就是即將考到的文章，學生掌握每種文章的方法，也學習了舉一反三的能力，就能夠輕松應對雅思作文考試。
那么2006年究竟考什么？學生要注意什么？在本篇中，我做一個大致的勾勒，具體考試內(nèi)容預測還要在每場考試之前。
在說完了寫作提問部分的規(guī)律后，就該談一下話題部分的情況了。寫作部分雖然出題很靈活，但總結(jié)起來，有3種話題在考試中經(jīng)常出現(xiàn)，這里舉一些2005年的例子，希望學生重視這些題材和內(nèi)容：
I. 教育類
1. 2005年1月15日
Some teachers say students should be organized into group study. Others argue that students should be made to study alone. What’s your opinion?
2. 2005年3月12日
Education is of vital importance to the development of individuals and to the well-being of societies. Please discuss what should education consist of to meet fulfill these functions?
3. 2005年4月9日
In order to improve the quality of education, high school students should be encouraged to evaluate and criticize their teachers, but others think it will result in loss of respect and discipline in classroom. Discuss and give your opinion.
4. 2005年5月28日
Nowadays, some universities offer graduate students skills that assist them to find employment, but some people believe the main function of university should be the access to knowledge for its sake. What’s your opinion?
5. 2004年1月17日
Some people think the function of university education is to prepare students for their future employment. However, others believe that it must have other important functions. Discuss and indicate what other functions the university education can provide.
6. 2004年1月31日
Some people think that the Internet can bring various kinds of information to school children, so schools and colleges are no longer playing an important role in modern education. To what extent do you agree or disagree?
7. 2004年2月21日
Some people think that teaching children of different abilities together benefits everyone. But some people believe that the intelligent students should be taught separately and be given special treatment. Discuss both and give your own opinion.
8. 2004年7月17日
Computers are less helpful to children's studies. Therefore, some people say computers have a negative effect on their physical and mental development. To what extent do you agree or disagree?
9. 2004年10月23日
Schools should teach children some academic subjects which will be beneficial to their future careers. Therefore, other subjects such as music and sports are not important. To what extent do you agree or disagree with this opinion?
10. 2004年11月13日
Many people use distance-learning programs, such as study material post, TV and the Internet, to study at home. However, some people think that it cannot bring the benefits as much as attending college or university. Do you agree or disagree? Give your reasons.
II. 文化傳統(tǒng)
1. 2005年3月5日
Some people think that people should follow the local customs when moving to a foreign country? Others think that host countries should welcome different culture. Discuss both and give your own opinion
2. 2005年3月19日
Some people think that culture traditions may be destroyed when they are used as money-making attractions aimed to tourists. Others believe that it is the only way that traditions can be remained in the world. Discuss both and give your opinion.
3. 2005年4月16日
The advantage brought by the spread if English as ‘global language’ will outweigh the disadvantages. TO what extent do you agree or disagree with the view?
4. 2005年6月11日
Modern buildings have been changing the appearance of cities and towns. Some people argue that we should build all buildings in traditional styles to protect culture identity; to what extent do you agree or disagree?
5. 2004年6月26日
Some people say the government should not put money on arts such as music and painting. Instead, they should spend more money on construction of public facilities. What is your opinion?
III. 社會問題
1. 2005年2月5日
Food can be cheaper if we use improved facilities and better machinery. However, some of the methods may be dangerous for human health, and have negative effects for local community. What’s your opinion?
2. 2005年2月26日
Now people can do many things such as shopping and banking, especially banking transaction without having to meet other people. What is the possible social impact on individual and the society?
3. 2005年5月21日
Many people are optimistic about the 21st century and see it as an opportunity to make positive changes to the world. To what extent do you agree or disagree with their optimism? What changes would you like to be made in the new century?
4. 2005年6月18日
Sending criminals to prisons is not the best method to deal with them. Education and job training are two better ways to help them. What’s your opinion?
5. 2004年1月10日
There are many women serving in the army, the navy, and the air force. What do you think of females joining the armed forces? Do you agree or disagree? Give your reasons.
6. 2004年2月14日
People have shown their selfishness and greed in modern society. Therefore, some people would like to go back to those traditional societies. To what extent do you agree or disagree?
7. 2004年4月17日
Traffic and housing problems in major cities can be solved by moving large companies and factories and their employees to the countryside. To what extent do you agree or disagree with this opinion?
8. 2004年5月22日[與2月14日考題極為相似]
Individual greed and selfishness are a basis of modern society. But some people think we should go back to the old times when people respect their family and community. To what extent do you agree or disagree?
9. 2004年6月12日
Many old buildings are protected by law because they are part of a nation’s history. However, some people think that they should be knocked down to make way for new ones because people need houses and offices. How important is it to maintain old buildings? Should history stand in the way of progress?
10. 2004年8月28日
Many people think that public libraries should only provide books to readers and shouldn’t waste their limited funds on expensive high-tech media, such as computer software, DVD or videos. To what extent do you agree or disagree with this opinion?
11. 2004年9月18日
Air transport is increasingly used to export various types of fruits and vegetables to countries where those plants cannot grow or are out of season. Some say it is a good thing, but others consider this use of air transport can’t be justified. Discuss both views and give your opinion.
12. 2004年9月25日[亞太區(qū)]
In some societies, sports and entertainment personalities are more valued than professional workers like doctors, nurses and teachers. Why do you think this has happened? Do you think it is a good development?
事實上，以上三種話題幾乎已經(jīng)占據(jù)了全部考題的一半，其重要性實在不容忽視！而我們也看到了雖然是同一個話題，但是內(nèi)容卻差別很大，我們通過了解這些話題只能了解雅思的出題關(guān)注重點，那么我們平時在復習的時候就要關(guān)注積累相關(guān)的例證，因為06年的變化趨勢是對于論據(jù)的要求明顯提高了。另外，一切文章圍繞一個主題，一些例證和語言組織方法是可以“一個中心，幾手準備”的，也就是可以根據(jù)不同主題靈活的將已經(jīng)掌握的文章變成題目要求的文章，這種技巧在凱德雅思的課堂中會重點練習。
2006年作文命題要求改變
作文是許多雅思考生心中永遠的痛，凱德雅思提出“十篇作文搞定雅思六分”(以下稱“十篇”)幫助許多學生實現(xiàn)了有效率的提高寫作水平和分數(shù)。
教學方法的革新永遠是學生的福音，作為新穎的教學方法，“十篇”教學法的第一階段是扎實基礎，通過專門的寫作詞匯整理學習，結(jié)構(gòu)、技巧、論證的方法掌握了解，和閱讀有效的范圍，每個學生都能夠得到長足的進步，當然一切的前提是有效，所有的基礎工作都是建立在凱德教研組研究的基礎上，學生所學習的內(nèi)容都是新有效的部分，這種效率的工作讓不少學生克服了作文的病痛，取得了高分。
當然，在正式練習寫作的階段，不同基礎的學生將在老師的指導下完成不同主題、不同篇幅的文章，這些文章都是經(jīng)過嚴格的篩選，由于每次考試的預測內(nèi)容不同，每個班級的學生拿到的文章甚至略有不同。通過典型性文章的寫作練習，也就是說寫文章很有可能就是即將考到的文章，學生掌握每種文章的方法，也學習了舉一反三的能力，就能夠輕松應對雅思作文考試。
那么2006年究竟考什么？學生要注意什么？在本篇中，我做一個大致的勾勒，具體考試內(nèi)容預測還要在每場考試之前。
2006年，在2005年評分標準不發(fā)生變化的情況下，雅思考試官方網(wǎng)站宣布了雅思寫作命題部分的新變化，其實，這種變化對我們考生來說是一件好事情，它的事實上是把過去的命題原則進行細化，使考生在準備寫作考試的時候目標更明確、觀點更清晰、論證更充分，援引官方網(wǎng)站的說法，“進行這些改變是為了讓考生進一步明確我們希望他們寫什么?！?BR> 1、 A類TASK1：從“描述”到“總結(jié)”與“對比”
2006年以前的命題只要求“描述”信息，2006年的命題原則中把“描述”這個詞給切分為兩部分，一個是總結(jié)重要趨勢中所反映的信息；第二是對比相關(guān)的數(shù)據(jù)，從而突出重要趨勢。我的意思是說，描述信息“描述”過去都是很籠統(tǒng)的，現(xiàn)在細分為總結(jié)和對比兩部分。
2、 A類TASK2：“論點”+“例證”
2006年的命題要求的變化對總論點和分論點進行論證的時候給出具體的理由和相關(guān)的例子，就是要求給出具體的理由。也就是說，新的命題要求強調(diào)了原因或者理由作為論據(jù)的重要性。
變也不變、穩(wěn)操勝券
2006年作文提問、話題雙管齊下
I.“提問”部分預測
這一部分大家可以放心，提問的方式還是以上面所提到的5種方式為主，但在布局方面需要細化。
明確的講，正文部分是關(guān)鍵。根據(jù)雅思考試官方網(wǎng)站所公布的信息，A類TASK2更加強調(diào)了原因和理由作為論據(jù)的重要性。而原因和理由恰恰是寫在正文部分的。
換句話說，從2006年開始雅思寫作文章的正文就是由分論點和論據(jù)兩部分組成，而且分論點一般就是總論點的理由或原因，論據(jù)好就是與自己的知識或經(jīng)歷相關(guān)的例子。其實，這樣的變化，考生們寫起作文來，目的性更明確，是件好事！
II.“話題”部分的預測
06年寫作話題部分應該有兩種：1.舊題重考；2.新題再現(xiàn)
首先，同學們并不用過分懼怕新題。1。新題再現(xiàn)常見的一種手法就是paraphrase，即用不同的表達方法表達同一個意思。比如2004年5月22日與2月14日的考題就是非常典型的例子，2005年6月25日與7月23日的題目也是如此(具體題目請見凱德所公布的機經(jīng))。2。新題的話題范圍有限。雅思考到現(xiàn)在新題很多，但其“話題”部分所涉及的內(nèi)容蓯悄羌父?見下面的分類)，因此，考生只要平時訓練得當，遇到新題照樣可以應付自如。
此外，舊題重考的概率仍然很高。我們知道，近雅思官方公布雅思出題所必須經(jīng)過的10道非常嚴密的步驟，這不僅保證了雅思試題的高質(zhì)量，也限制了雅思試題不可能更新很快。因此，2006年雅思寫作可能的情況就是新題+舊題，并且舊題應該占據(jù)較大的比例。
后，話題部分雖然類型繁多，但還是有一定規(guī)律的，因此，這里給出10篇萬能作文，考生若能靈活運用，對考試是非常有幫助的！
1. 文化傳統(tǒng)類
Some people think that culture traditions may be destroyed when they are used as money-making attractions aimed to tourists. Others believe that it is the only way that traditions can be remained in the world. Discuss both and give your opinion.
2. 青少年犯罪問題
Recent figures of crimes committed by young people are increasing in major cities throughout the world. Discuss the possible reasons and how to solve it?
3. 教育類(1)
In order to improve the quality of education, high school students should be encouraged to evaluate and criticize their teachers, but others think it will result in loss of respect and discipline in classroom. Discuss and give your opinion.
4. 科技類
Many employees may work at home with the modern technology. Some people claim that it can benefit only the workers, not the employers. Do you agree or disagree?
5.國家政策類
Some people think the government should pay for health care and education, but other people think it’s not government’s responsibility. Discuss both and give your opinion.
6. 社會問題
Many people think that public libraries should only provide books to readers and shouldn’t waste their limited funds on expensive high-tech media, such as computer software, DVD or videos. To what extent do you agree or disagree with this opinion?
7. 教育類(2)
Some teachers say students should be organized into group study. Others argue that students should be made to study alone. What’s your opinion?
8.冷門題(1)
Food can be cheaper if we use improved facilities and better machinery. However, some of the methods may be dangerous for human health, and have negative effects on local community. What’s your opinion?
9. 廣告類
Advertising is playing an important role in our modern society and we are confronted with various advertisements on a daily basis. Do the positive effects of advertising outweigh its negative effects? What is your opinion about modern advertising?
10.冷門題(2)
Some people say that the large amounts of money used in space research are not worthwhile. Instead, governments should make more efforts to improve the living conditions of humans on Earth. What is your opinion?
以上10篇作文主要是按照歷次雅思寫作題目所涉及的內(nèi)容分的，考生們?nèi)裟芘e一反三，那么作文部分就不用愁了。此外，這也是06年上半年重要的備考題，希望大家予以重視。