自考“英語(一)”筆記(67)

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Text A Animals at Risk:Who Cares?
    本課主要單詞
    1.Species n.(單復(fù)數(shù)同形)種,類
    1)There are more than 250 species of shark in the world.(世界上有250多種鯊魚。)
    2)Darwin wrote “The Origin of Species.” (達(dá)爾文寫了《物種起源》。)
    3)She feels a species of nervousness.(她有一種緊張的感覺。)
    2.Extinct adj. dead, wiped out, no longer existing(火熄滅了;消亡了的;滅絕了的)
    extinction n.
    1)Please make sure that the fire is extinct before you leave.(在你離開前,請確保爐火已滅。)
    2)All hope was extinct.(所有的希望都落空了。)
    3)This species will be extinct in a few decades.(幾十年后這個物種將會滅絕。)
    4)Pandas are in danger of extinction.(大熊貓正面臨滅絕的危險。)
    5)The sudden extinction of lights in the room frightened the children.(室內(nèi)燈光突然熄滅把孩子們嚇壞了。)
    請指出下面句子中的錯誤:
    The total extinction of this species is inevitable.
    句子中的total應(yīng)去掉,因為extinction已包含“所有”的意思,再用total就多余子。
    3.Pace n. 步速;速度;節(jié)奏;步    v. 踱步;用步量
    1)The tree is ten paces from the house.(樹與房屋相距十步。)
    2)He quickened his pace when he found he was lagging behind.(發(fā)現(xiàn)自己落了后他便加快了步伐。)
    3)They had to slow down the pace of new product development because of lack of fund.
    (由于缺少資金他們不得不放慢新產(chǎn)品開發(fā)的速度。)
    4)The pace he set was too fast for the others.(他定的步速對其他人來說太快了。)
    5)He is trying hard to keep pace with his classmates.(他正努力跟上他的同學(xué)。)
    6)Many people complain of the rapid pace of modern life.(許多人抱怨現(xiàn)代生活節(jié)奏太快。)
    7)He paced slowly around the room.(他慢悠地在房間里踱著步。)
    8)He paced out the distance between the two trees.(他用步子測出兩棵樹之間的距離。)
    At a snail's pace(非常緩慢地)
    At one's own pace(以輕松自在的速度)
    Set the pace(定步速,起帶頭作用)
    Pace car(賽車開始時在跑道上領(lǐng)駛一圈但本身不參賽的領(lǐng)駛車)
    Pacemaker(領(lǐng)跑人;帶頭人;起博器)
    4.Compete v. 競爭,比賽
    competition n. 競爭,比賽
    competitive adj. 競爭的
    1)He would compete with three others for a trip to Korea……(他將和另三個人競爭以得到去韓國旅游的機(jī)會。)
    2)I am going to compete in two items——100 meter dash and broad jump.
    (我將參加兩個項目的比賽:100米短跑和跳遠(yuǎn)。)
    3)Young people should be prepared for the fierce competition in the future job market.
    (年輕人應(yīng)為今后就業(yè)市場的激烈競爭做好準(zhǔn)備。)
    4)There is a lot of competition for this job.(有許多人爭奪這工作。)
    5)He is no competition for Mike.(他不是邁克的對手。)
    6)He doesn't like competitive sports.(他不喜歡競技性體育項目。)
    7)How can we adapt ourselves to the highly competitive society?(我們怎樣才能適應(yīng)這個高度競爭的社會?)
    8)He holds that women are not as competitive as men.(他認(rèn)為女性不像男性那樣有競爭力。)
    5.Likelihood n. 可能性;有希望的事
    likely adj. 有可能的;可信的;恰當(dāng)?shù)?BR>    1)Is there any likelihood of his coming?(他有可能來嗎?)
    2)There is every likelihood that the performance will be a success.(演出極有可能獲得成功。)
    3)In all likelihood it will be a sunny day to morrow.(十之八九,明天是個大晴天。)
    4)It is likely that they will agree with us.(他有可能會同意我們的意見。)
    5)He is not likely to be elected.(他不可能當(dāng)選。)
    6)Her story doesn't sound likely.(她的說法不太可信。)
    7)They are looking out for a likely place to build the school.(他們正在找尋建這所學(xué)校的合適地點。)
    6.Clearance n. 清除,清理;余地
    clear v. 清除;越過;不觸及地通過
    -ance是一個名詞后綴,用在動詞后面可構(gòu)成名詞。如:
    appearance(出現(xiàn),外表),endurance(忍受),utterance(發(fā)言,發(fā)聲),attendance(出席,侍候)等等。
    1)The clearance of the old furniture made the room more spacious.(清理了舊家俱,屋里更寬敞了。)
    2)He was responsible for the clearance of the theatre when the fire broke out.
    (著火時,由他負(fù)責(zé)出清劇院的觀眾。)
    3)The bridge has a clearance of three metres above water.(該橋橋下凈空有3米。)
    4)Clearance sale(清倉削價銷售)
    Take-off clearance(起飛許可)
    Foreign exchange clearance(國際匯兌清算)
    Clearance order(清拆命令)
    5)He is clearing the table.(他正在收拾桌子。)
    6)The athlete cleared the bar easily.(那位運(yùn)動員輕松越過橫桿。)
    7)The truck cleared the tunnel.(卡車通過了隧道。)
    7.Vegetation n.(總稱)植物,植被
    vegetate. v.(植物)生長
    vegetable n. 蔬菜的;植物的
    1)He was amazed by the colorful vegetation of the tropical forest.(熱帶森林中奇異多彩的植物令他驚奇。)
    2)It is essential that the vegetation of this area should be preserved.(保護(hù)這一地區(qū)的植被是很必要的。)
    3)He had some green vegetables for dinner.(他晚餐吃了些蔬菜。)
    4)The vegetables in the garden vegetate vigorously.(園子里的植物在茁壯成長。)
    8.Ignore v. 不顧,不理,忽視
    ignorance n. 無知
    ignorant adj. 無知的
    1)He was fined for ignoring a red light.(他因為闖紅燈而被罰款。)
    2)The teacher ignored the question raised by one of the students.(那位老師對學(xué)生提出的問題沒加理會。)
    3)Some species become extinct because of people's ignorance.(有些物種由于人們的無和而滅絕。)
    4)Ignorance of this law is no excuse if you break the law.(不懂法不能作為違法的借口。)
    5)They demanded to know why they had been kept in ignorance of the truth.
    (他們要求知道不讓他們了解除事情的真相的原因。)
    6)He was kept ignorant of the fact that his son failed the exam.(他對兒子考試不及格這件事一無所知。)
    7)I am ignorant about /of what has happened.(對所發(fā)生的事情我全然不知。)
    9.Threat n. 威脅;兇兆
    threaten v. 威脅
    1)The survival of civilization is under threat.(人類文明的生存在受到威脅。)
    2)This might be a threat to national security.(這可能對國家安全構(gòu)成威脅。)
    3)The boy threatened that he would leave home if his parents beat again.
    (那男孩威脅說如果父母再揍他,他就離家出走。)
    4)They were threatened with starvation when flood drowned their village.
    (洪水淹沒他們村子時他們受到了饑餓的威脅。)
    10.Ornament n. 裝飾;裝飾品      v. 裝飾,美化
    1)They bought a lot of ornaments and hung them on the Christmas tree.
    (他們買了許多裝飾品并把它們掛在圣誕樹上。)
    2)She wouldn't buy it as it is more for ornament than for use.
    (她不原意買那個東西,因為它主要供裝飾而不實用。)
    3)They ornament the hall with oil paintings.(他們用油畫裝點大廳。)
    4)They found themselves entering a manificently ornamented house.
    (他們發(fā)現(xiàn)自己進(jìn)入了一座裝飾華美的屋子。)
    11.Tourist n. 旅游者,觀光者    adj. 游覽的
    tourism n. 旅游業(yè)
    tour n. 旅行;參觀
    v. 旅行;參觀
    1)She showed a group of tourists round the museum.(如領(lǐng)著一群游客參觀博物館。)
    2)The Great wall is one of the chief tourist attractions in Beijing.(長城是北京的主要旅游點之一。)
    3)Tourism is a big industry in this country.(旅游業(yè)在這個國家是一個龐大的行業(yè)。)
    4)His dream is to make a round-the-world tour.(他的夢想是作環(huán)球旅行。)
    5)We are going to tour north-west China this summer.(今夏我們打算游歷中國西北地區(qū)。)
    6)He toured music halls in Germany.(他在德國的音樂廳作巡回演出。)
    12.Variation n. 變化
    variable adj. 易變的
    vary v. 變化
    1)He always told us the same story with no variations.(他總是給我們講那個沒有任何變化的故事。)
    2)Weather conditions may cause variations in blood pressure.(天氣狀況可能引起血壓的變化。)
    3)The variable weather gave us a lot of trouble.(多變的天氣給我們帶來不少麻煩。)
    4)He is hard to get along with as he has a variable temper.(他的脾氣反復(fù)無常很難相處。)
    5)Opinions vary on this point.(對這一點看法各異。)
    6)He doesn't want to vary his habit.(他不想改變自己的習(xí)慣。)
    12.Trophy n. 戰(zhàn)利品;獎品
    1)He was going to hang the horns of the antler on the wall as a trophy.(他將把鹿角掛在墻上作為紀(jì)念品。)
    2)She got a gold trophy for badminton.(她獲得了羽毛球比賽的金杯。)
    13.Magnificent adj. 壯麗的,宏偉的;極美的
    1)The king lived in this magnificent palace.(國王住在這座宏偉的宮殿里。)
    2)The magnificent scenery dazzled the tourists.(壯麗的景色使游客的眼花繚亂。)
    3)Their magnificent performance gripped the audience.(他們動人的表演牢牢地抓住了觀眾。)
    14.Survive v. 幸存;比活得長
    survival n. 幸存
    survivor n. 幸存者
    1)Eight people survived the fire.(八人在大火中幸免于死。)
    2)The old woman survived her husband by 10 years.(那位老婦人比她丈夫多活十年。)
    3)Survival was unlikely since the river water was so deep and cold.(河水既深又冷清活無望。)
    4)He was the only survivor of the massacre.(他是*的幸存者。)