Unit25（第74講—第76講）
本課主要語(yǔ)言點(diǎn)
1. American men don't cry because it is considered not characteristic of men to do so.
動(dòng)詞consider的用法如下：
① Consider ＋賓語(yǔ)＋賓補(bǔ)
They considered the attack a mistake. （他們認(rèn)為這次進(jìn)攻是錯(cuò)誤。）
② Consider ＋賓語(yǔ)＋動(dòng)詞不定式
They considered themselves to be very lucking.（他們認(rèn)為自己很幸運(yùn)。）
③ Consider ＋賓語(yǔ)＋ as
They don't consider it as important.（他們認(rèn)為那個(gè)不重要。）
④ Consider ＋賓語(yǔ)＋形容詞
They consider it wise not to criticize him.（他們認(rèn)為不批評(píng)他是明智的。）
⑤ Consider ＋賓語(yǔ)
He had no time to consider the matter.（他沒(méi)有時(shí)間考慮這個(gè)事情。）
⑥ Consider ＋V-ing
He is considering changing his job.（他在考慮換一份工作。）
“be considered not characteristic of ……，” consider 在此處的用法當(dāng)歸于④。be characteristic of 意思是 be typical of.如：
1）Carelessness and impatience are characteristic of him.（粗心、無(wú)耐心是他的特點(diǎn)。）
2）Long winter and short spring are characteristic of the climate here.（冬天漫長(zhǎng)，春天短暫是這兒的氣候特點(diǎn)。）
3）Crying is not the characteristic of man.（哭泣不是男子漢的特征。）
2. … no American male wants to be identified with anything in the least weak or feminine.
be identified with意思是 be closely involved or associated with.如：
1） Of the 34 candidates nearly a third were identified with big financial groups.
（在34名候選人當(dāng)中，近三分之一的人與大財(cái)團(tuán)有緊密聯(lián)系。）
2） He is closely identified with the former president.（他與前總統(tǒng)關(guān)系密切。）
in the least 用來(lái)強(qiáng)調(diào)否定，意思是“絲毫，一點(diǎn)兒。”如：
1）I don't mind in the least.（我一點(diǎn)也不在意。）
2）She was not in the least Jealous.（她絲毫不嫉妒。）
3. In a land so devoted to the pursuit of happiness as ours， crying really is rather un-American.
本句中的devoted是個(gè)形容詞，to是介詞，通常用be devoted to .devote用作動(dòng)詞，則可用devote………to
1） The students are devoted to their studies.（學(xué)生們專心學(xué)習(xí)。）
2） He is devoted to the cause of peace.（他致力于和平事業(yè)。）
3） They have devoted all their time to helping the poor.（他們把所有的時(shí)間都用在幫助窮人上。）
4） She devoted herself to her pupil.（她把全部身心傾注在學(xué)生身上。）
the pursuit of 意思是“對(duì)…追求（追捕）”。 in the pursuit of 是常用介詞短語(yǔ)。
1） They are in pursuit of the escaped criminal.（他們?cè)谧凡短臃浮＃?BR> 2） The album is produced in the pursuit of ellcellence.（這個(gè)專輯在制作過(guò)程中力求完美。）
land 在句中的意思是“country國(guó)家”。如：
1） He used to work in a distant land.（他曾在一個(gè)遙遠(yuǎn)的國(guó)度工作。）
2） He returned to his native land many years later.（許多年后，他回到了祖國(guó)。）
ours 在句中指our land
4. Women being the “weaker” and “dependent” sex， it is only natural that they should cry in certain emotional situations.
women being the “weaker” and “dependent” sex是名詞＋V-ing的獨(dú)立結(jié)構(gòu)，表示原因。這句話的意思是because women are the “weaker” and “dependent” sex.
請(qǐng)看下面的例句，注意掌握名詞＋V-ing表示原因的獨(dú)立結(jié)構(gòu)。
1） So many members being absent， the meeting had to be put off.（因?yàn)楹芏嗳瞬辉趫?chǎng)，會(huì)議只好延期。）
2） The question being so difficult， we must take time to consider it carefully.
（因?yàn)檫@個(gè)問(wèn)題很困難，我們得花時(shí)間仔細(xì)考慮。）
3） The weather being terrible， they had to change their plan.（天氣很糟糕，他們不得不改變計(jì)劃。）
5. …crying is a mark of weakness
mark 在句中作名詞用，意思是“標(biāo)示，特征”，如：
1） He gave her a gift as a mark of gratitude.（他送給她一份禮物以表謝意。）
2） They removed their hats as a mark of respect.（他們脫帽以表敬意。）
3） These buildings display the mark of early Greek influence.（這些建筑表現(xiàn)出受早期希臘影響的特征。）
mark還有許多其它意思，如：
1） He got 70 marks out of 100.（他得了100分中的70分。）
2） There are a lot of ink marks on the wall.（墻上有許多墨水漬。）
3） He made a few marks with his pen.（他用筆做了幾個(gè)記號(hào)。）
4） Be careful not to mark the table.（小心別在桌上留下痕跡。）
5） Mark all the big cities on the map.（在地圖上把所有大的城市標(biāo)出來(lái)。）
6. So goes the American belief with regard to crying.
so在句中用作副詞，表示前面所說(shuō)的（哭是軟弱的標(biāo)志）也適用于此。so在句首，句子倒裝。
1） －He looks very hot and dry.（他看上去又熱又干。）
－so would you if you had a high fever.（如果你發(fā)高燒，你也如此。）
2） His shoes are brightly polished， so is his briefcase.（他的鞋擦得很亮，他的公文包也是這樣。）
with regard to也可用in regard to，意思是“regarding， be concerned with”（至于，就…而文論）。如：
This plant is not at all demanding with regard to water， soil and climate.（這種植物對(duì)水土氣候一點(diǎn)不苛求。）
7. “A little man，” we impress on our male children， never cries動(dòng)詞impress用法如下：
① impress sb. with sth.（給某人留下…印象）
I hope I can impress my new boss with my diligence.（我希望我的勤勉能給新老板留下印象。）
② impress sth on sb.（給某人留下…印象；使某人理解…的重要）
She impressed on the Government the serious effect of high unemployment.（她使政府意識(shí)到高失業(yè)率的嚴(yán)重影響。）
課文中的這個(gè)句子的意思是we impress “A little man never cries” on the mind of our male children.（我們讓男孩銘記“小男子漢決不哭泣?！保?BR> 8. And so we condition males in America not to cry whenever they feel like doing so.
本句中的第一個(gè)so用作副詞，意思是“因此，所以”如：
1） She is the only person I know in the city，so I went to her for help（在這座城市里，她是我的熟人，所以我將去求她幫忙。）
2） He speaks very little Chinese， so I talked to him in English.（他不太會(huì)講中文，所以我用英文跟他交談。）
句中的第二個(gè)用作代詞，代替前文的詞語(yǔ)或意思，本句中代指cry（哭）。
1） If you say so， I'll have to believe it.（如果你這樣說(shuō)，我只有相信了。）
2） Is it raining？（在下雨嗎？）
I'm afraid so.（恐怕是的。）
condition在本句中用作動(dòng)詞，意思是“（訓(xùn)練，使適應(yīng)）”，如：
1） They conditioned her not to flare up over trifles.（他們使她養(yǎng)成不為小事發(fā)脾氣的習(xí)慣。）
2） They are conditioning the horse for a race.（他們?cè)谟?xùn)練那匹馬以參加比賽。）
feel的后面必須接名詞或動(dòng)名詞。如：
1） I feel like singing.（我想唱歌。）
He feels like having a talk with her.（他想與她談一談。）
9. It is not that American males are unable to cry because of some biological clock within them which cause them to run down in that capacity as they grow alder， but that they are trained not to cry.
本句中的（It is ）not that…but that…。 是英語(yǔ)中的常用結(jié)構(gòu)，意思是“不是因?yàn)椤且驗(yàn)椤?。如?BR> 1） It is not that I am not interested in it， but that I am fully occupied.（不是因?yàn)槲覍?duì)這個(gè)沒(méi)興趣，而是因?yàn)槲姨α?。?BR> 2） It is not that I have no trust in him， but that I have to keep the promise of secrecy.（不是因?yàn)槲也恍湃嗡且驗(yàn)槲业眯攀乇Ｃ艿闹Z言。）
cause sb. to do sth.意思是“使某人做某事”。如：
1） Careless caused him to fail the exam. （粗心致使他考試不及格。）
2） What caused him to change his mind？ （是什么使他改變主意？）
run down 意思是“reduce；exhaust” （降低；耗盡）。如：
1） The battery is run down. （電池的電用完了。）
2） The factory is running down its production. （工廠在緊縮生產(chǎn)。）
10. Thus do we produce a trained incapacity in the American male to cry.
本句可以理解為：
Therefore， we make the American males have a trained ability not to cry.（于是我們使得美國(guó)男人具有了不會(huì)哭的能力。）
thus放在句首時(shí)，句子、可倒裝，也可不用倒裝。
11. … to restore the emotionally disequilibrated person to a state of equilibrium.
restore sb. to a state of …（使某人恢復(fù)…狀態(tài)），如：
1） The doctor restored the old man to a state of health. （醫(yī)生使那位老人恢復(fù)了健康。）
2） It is difficult to restore the country to a state of stability. （ 要使那個(gè)國(guó)家恢復(fù)穩(wěn)定是件困難的事。）
12. Crying serves a homeostatic function for the organism as a whole.
動(dòng)詞serve通常用在短語(yǔ)serve as中，意思是“起…作用”）
1）He served as an adviser to the company. （ 他任公司顧問(wèn)。）
2）This sofa serves as a bed. （這張沙發(fā)當(dāng)床用。）
serve the function也是“起…作用”的意思。
as a whole 意思是“作為一個(gè)整體，總的來(lái)說(shuō)”。如：
The temperature for that country as a whole is high. （這個(gè)國(guó)家的氣溫總的來(lái)說(shuō)是高的。）
13. The human species is the only one in the whole of animated nature that shed tears.
that shed tears 是定語(yǔ)從句，修飾one .當(dāng)先行詞的前面有only時(shí)，定語(yǔ)從句不可以用which引導(dǎo)，而必須用that引導(dǎo)。如：
1） He is the only person that I trust. （他是我信任的人。）
2） This is the only game that I enjoy. （這是我喜歡的比賽。
shed tears 意思是“流淚”，如：
1）The story made me shed tears. （那個(gè)故事使我流了淚。）
2）When a crocodile sheds tears， it doesn't mean it is sad. （ 鱷魚(yú)流淚并不意味它傷心。）
14. And this， among other things， is what American parents -with the best intention in the world-have achieved for the American male.
本句中的this 代指上一句所講的內(nèi)容。
with the best intention 意思是“有著美好的意愿”。
achieve sth. 意思是“取得成就”。如：
1） I achieved nothing. （我一無(wú)所成。）
2） He achieved his goal after many hardships. （ 經(jīng)過(guò)很多艱難困苦后他實(shí)現(xiàn)了自己的目標(biāo)。）
15. …and clear our minds of those cobwebs of confusion which have for so long prevented us from understanding the natural necessity of crying.
clear 在本句中作動(dòng)詞用，意思是“清除”。如：
Let me clear the furnace of ash. （讓我把爐子里的灰清掉。）
prevent sb. from doing sth.意思是“妨礙（阻止）某人做某事”。如：
1） The traffic jam prevented me from getting home earlier. （交通阻塞使我無(wú)法早點(diǎn)到家。）
The heavy fog prevented the train from arriving on schedule. （大雪使火車無(wú)法準(zhǔn)點(diǎn)到達(dá)。）
本課主要短語(yǔ)及表達(dá)
1. be characteristic of
2. identify with
3. in the least
4. disapprove of
5. devote to
6. （in） the pursuit of
7. a mark of
8. with regard to
9. impress sth. on sb
10. feel like doing sth.
11. run down
12. go on doing sth.
13. restore …to …
14. a state of
15. be known as
16. as a whole
17. shed tears
18. with the best intention
19. clear sth. of
20. prevent from
Text B stop worrying now！
短語(yǔ)表達(dá)
1. deal with
He is really hard to deal with.
You may have to have extensive experiences to deal with issues like this.
2. choose to
After graduation from college， he chooses to take a poorly paid job instead.
If you choose to stay， I'm afraid you will also have to finish that writing first.
3. in the first place
You shouldn't take him on that trip in the first place.
There was this hidden error in the first place. How could you put all the blame on me？
4. label as
I can hardly believe that you could label it as toys.
His pitiful copy of my writing was labeled as the most creative in his class. What a joke！
5. can't help doing something
Despite repeated advice by my doctor， I simply can't help eating this fatty meat whenever there is a chance.
The boy could not help crying when he lost sight of his loving father.
6. hang on to sth
He hung on to his toy gun.
The little girl hung on to her mother's hand when they crossed the street.
7. risk doing sth
You will risk losing your job if you go on like this.
He risked being criticized when he was late for the meeting.
8. result in
The safety measures will result in the reduction of work accidents.
The game resulted in a tie.
9. use up
Since the energy on the earth can be used up one day， we will have to look for new energy sources right now.
Can you fetch me some paper？ I've used up all of them.
10. back down
I backed down carefully when I spotted a cobra on the island.
If they are not going to back down， we may have to find another way of compromise.
本課主要語(yǔ)言點(diǎn)
1. American men don't cry because it is considered not characteristic of men to do so.
動(dòng)詞consider的用法如下：
① Consider ＋賓語(yǔ)＋賓補(bǔ)
They considered the attack a mistake. （他們認(rèn)為這次進(jìn)攻是錯(cuò)誤。）
② Consider ＋賓語(yǔ)＋動(dòng)詞不定式
They considered themselves to be very lucking.（他們認(rèn)為自己很幸運(yùn)。）
③ Consider ＋賓語(yǔ)＋ as
They don't consider it as important.（他們認(rèn)為那個(gè)不重要。）
④ Consider ＋賓語(yǔ)＋形容詞
They consider it wise not to criticize him.（他們認(rèn)為不批評(píng)他是明智的。）
⑤ Consider ＋賓語(yǔ)
He had no time to consider the matter.（他沒(méi)有時(shí)間考慮這個(gè)事情。）
⑥ Consider ＋V-ing
He is considering changing his job.（他在考慮換一份工作。）
“be considered not characteristic of ……，” consider 在此處的用法當(dāng)歸于④。be characteristic of 意思是 be typical of.如：
1）Carelessness and impatience are characteristic of him.（粗心、無(wú)耐心是他的特點(diǎn)。）
2）Long winter and short spring are characteristic of the climate here.（冬天漫長(zhǎng)，春天短暫是這兒的氣候特點(diǎn)。）
3）Crying is not the characteristic of man.（哭泣不是男子漢的特征。）
2. … no American male wants to be identified with anything in the least weak or feminine.
be identified with意思是 be closely involved or associated with.如：
1） Of the 34 candidates nearly a third were identified with big financial groups.
（在34名候選人當(dāng)中，近三分之一的人與大財(cái)團(tuán)有緊密聯(lián)系。）
2） He is closely identified with the former president.（他與前總統(tǒng)關(guān)系密切。）
in the least 用來(lái)強(qiáng)調(diào)否定，意思是“絲毫，一點(diǎn)兒。”如：
1）I don't mind in the least.（我一點(diǎn)也不在意。）
2）She was not in the least Jealous.（她絲毫不嫉妒。）
3. In a land so devoted to the pursuit of happiness as ours， crying really is rather un-American.
本句中的devoted是個(gè)形容詞，to是介詞，通常用be devoted to .devote用作動(dòng)詞，則可用devote………to
1） The students are devoted to their studies.（學(xué)生們專心學(xué)習(xí)。）
2） He is devoted to the cause of peace.（他致力于和平事業(yè)。）
3） They have devoted all their time to helping the poor.（他們把所有的時(shí)間都用在幫助窮人上。）
4） She devoted herself to her pupil.（她把全部身心傾注在學(xué)生身上。）
the pursuit of 意思是“對(duì)…追求（追捕）”。 in the pursuit of 是常用介詞短語(yǔ)。
1） They are in pursuit of the escaped criminal.（他們?cè)谧凡短臃浮＃?BR> 2） The album is produced in the pursuit of ellcellence.（這個(gè)專輯在制作過(guò)程中力求完美。）
land 在句中的意思是“country國(guó)家”。如：
1） He used to work in a distant land.（他曾在一個(gè)遙遠(yuǎn)的國(guó)度工作。）
2） He returned to his native land many years later.（許多年后，他回到了祖國(guó)。）
ours 在句中指our land
4. Women being the “weaker” and “dependent” sex， it is only natural that they should cry in certain emotional situations.
women being the “weaker” and “dependent” sex是名詞＋V-ing的獨(dú)立結(jié)構(gòu)，表示原因。這句話的意思是because women are the “weaker” and “dependent” sex.
請(qǐng)看下面的例句，注意掌握名詞＋V-ing表示原因的獨(dú)立結(jié)構(gòu)。
1） So many members being absent， the meeting had to be put off.（因?yàn)楹芏嗳瞬辉趫?chǎng)，會(huì)議只好延期。）
2） The question being so difficult， we must take time to consider it carefully.
（因?yàn)檫@個(gè)問(wèn)題很困難，我們得花時(shí)間仔細(xì)考慮。）
3） The weather being terrible， they had to change their plan.（天氣很糟糕，他們不得不改變計(jì)劃。）
5. …crying is a mark of weakness
mark 在句中作名詞用，意思是“標(biāo)示，特征”，如：
1） He gave her a gift as a mark of gratitude.（他送給她一份禮物以表謝意。）
2） They removed their hats as a mark of respect.（他們脫帽以表敬意。）
3） These buildings display the mark of early Greek influence.（這些建筑表現(xiàn)出受早期希臘影響的特征。）
mark還有許多其它意思，如：
1） He got 70 marks out of 100.（他得了100分中的70分。）
2） There are a lot of ink marks on the wall.（墻上有許多墨水漬。）
3） He made a few marks with his pen.（他用筆做了幾個(gè)記號(hào)。）
4） Be careful not to mark the table.（小心別在桌上留下痕跡。）
5） Mark all the big cities on the map.（在地圖上把所有大的城市標(biāo)出來(lái)。）
6. So goes the American belief with regard to crying.
so在句中用作副詞，表示前面所說(shuō)的（哭是軟弱的標(biāo)志）也適用于此。so在句首，句子倒裝。
1） －He looks very hot and dry.（他看上去又熱又干。）
－so would you if you had a high fever.（如果你發(fā)高燒，你也如此。）
2） His shoes are brightly polished， so is his briefcase.（他的鞋擦得很亮，他的公文包也是這樣。）
with regard to也可用in regard to，意思是“regarding， be concerned with”（至于，就…而文論）。如：
This plant is not at all demanding with regard to water， soil and climate.（這種植物對(duì)水土氣候一點(diǎn)不苛求。）
7. “A little man，” we impress on our male children， never cries動(dòng)詞impress用法如下：
① impress sb. with sth.（給某人留下…印象）
I hope I can impress my new boss with my diligence.（我希望我的勤勉能給新老板留下印象。）
② impress sth on sb.（給某人留下…印象；使某人理解…的重要）
She impressed on the Government the serious effect of high unemployment.（她使政府意識(shí)到高失業(yè)率的嚴(yán)重影響。）
課文中的這個(gè)句子的意思是we impress “A little man never cries” on the mind of our male children.（我們讓男孩銘記“小男子漢決不哭泣?！保?BR> 8. And so we condition males in America not to cry whenever they feel like doing so.
本句中的第一個(gè)so用作副詞，意思是“因此，所以”如：
1） She is the only person I know in the city，so I went to her for help（在這座城市里，她是我的熟人，所以我將去求她幫忙。）
2） He speaks very little Chinese， so I talked to him in English.（他不太會(huì)講中文，所以我用英文跟他交談。）
句中的第二個(gè)用作代詞，代替前文的詞語(yǔ)或意思，本句中代指cry（哭）。
1） If you say so， I'll have to believe it.（如果你這樣說(shuō)，我只有相信了。）
2） Is it raining？（在下雨嗎？）
I'm afraid so.（恐怕是的。）
condition在本句中用作動(dòng)詞，意思是“（訓(xùn)練，使適應(yīng)）”，如：
1） They conditioned her not to flare up over trifles.（他們使她養(yǎng)成不為小事發(fā)脾氣的習(xí)慣。）
2） They are conditioning the horse for a race.（他們?cè)谟?xùn)練那匹馬以參加比賽。）
feel的后面必須接名詞或動(dòng)名詞。如：
1） I feel like singing.（我想唱歌。）
He feels like having a talk with her.（他想與她談一談。）
9. It is not that American males are unable to cry because of some biological clock within them which cause them to run down in that capacity as they grow alder， but that they are trained not to cry.
本句中的（It is ）not that…but that…。 是英語(yǔ)中的常用結(jié)構(gòu)，意思是“不是因?yàn)椤且驗(yàn)椤?。如?BR> 1） It is not that I am not interested in it， but that I am fully occupied.（不是因?yàn)槲覍?duì)這個(gè)沒(méi)興趣，而是因?yàn)槲姨α?。?BR> 2） It is not that I have no trust in him， but that I have to keep the promise of secrecy.（不是因?yàn)槲也恍湃嗡且驗(yàn)槲业眯攀乇Ｃ艿闹Z言。）
cause sb. to do sth.意思是“使某人做某事”。如：
1） Careless caused him to fail the exam. （粗心致使他考試不及格。）
2） What caused him to change his mind？ （是什么使他改變主意？）
run down 意思是“reduce；exhaust” （降低；耗盡）。如：
1） The battery is run down. （電池的電用完了。）
2） The factory is running down its production. （工廠在緊縮生產(chǎn)。）
10. Thus do we produce a trained incapacity in the American male to cry.
本句可以理解為：
Therefore， we make the American males have a trained ability not to cry.（于是我們使得美國(guó)男人具有了不會(huì)哭的能力。）
thus放在句首時(shí)，句子、可倒裝，也可不用倒裝。
11. … to restore the emotionally disequilibrated person to a state of equilibrium.
restore sb. to a state of …（使某人恢復(fù)…狀態(tài)），如：
1） The doctor restored the old man to a state of health. （醫(yī)生使那位老人恢復(fù)了健康。）
2） It is difficult to restore the country to a state of stability. （ 要使那個(gè)國(guó)家恢復(fù)穩(wěn)定是件困難的事。）
12. Crying serves a homeostatic function for the organism as a whole.
動(dòng)詞serve通常用在短語(yǔ)serve as中，意思是“起…作用”）
1）He served as an adviser to the company. （ 他任公司顧問(wèn)。）
2）This sofa serves as a bed. （這張沙發(fā)當(dāng)床用。）
serve the function也是“起…作用”的意思。
as a whole 意思是“作為一個(gè)整體，總的來(lái)說(shuō)”。如：
The temperature for that country as a whole is high. （這個(gè)國(guó)家的氣溫總的來(lái)說(shuō)是高的。）
13. The human species is the only one in the whole of animated nature that shed tears.
that shed tears 是定語(yǔ)從句，修飾one .當(dāng)先行詞的前面有only時(shí)，定語(yǔ)從句不可以用which引導(dǎo)，而必須用that引導(dǎo)。如：
1） He is the only person that I trust. （他是我信任的人。）
2） This is the only game that I enjoy. （這是我喜歡的比賽。
shed tears 意思是“流淚”，如：
1）The story made me shed tears. （那個(gè)故事使我流了淚。）
2）When a crocodile sheds tears， it doesn't mean it is sad. （ 鱷魚(yú)流淚并不意味它傷心。）
14. And this， among other things， is what American parents -with the best intention in the world-have achieved for the American male.
本句中的this 代指上一句所講的內(nèi)容。
with the best intention 意思是“有著美好的意愿”。
achieve sth. 意思是“取得成就”。如：
1） I achieved nothing. （我一無(wú)所成。）
2） He achieved his goal after many hardships. （ 經(jīng)過(guò)很多艱難困苦后他實(shí)現(xiàn)了自己的目標(biāo)。）
15. …and clear our minds of those cobwebs of confusion which have for so long prevented us from understanding the natural necessity of crying.
clear 在本句中作動(dòng)詞用，意思是“清除”。如：
Let me clear the furnace of ash. （讓我把爐子里的灰清掉。）
prevent sb. from doing sth.意思是“妨礙（阻止）某人做某事”。如：
1） The traffic jam prevented me from getting home earlier. （交通阻塞使我無(wú)法早點(diǎn)到家。）
The heavy fog prevented the train from arriving on schedule. （大雪使火車無(wú)法準(zhǔn)點(diǎn)到達(dá)。）
本課主要短語(yǔ)及表達(dá)
1. be characteristic of
2. identify with
3. in the least
4. disapprove of
5. devote to
6. （in） the pursuit of
7. a mark of
8. with regard to
9. impress sth. on sb
10. feel like doing sth.
11. run down
12. go on doing sth.
13. restore …to …
14. a state of
15. be known as
16. as a whole
17. shed tears
18. with the best intention
19. clear sth. of
20. prevent from
Text B stop worrying now！
短語(yǔ)表達(dá)
1. deal with
He is really hard to deal with.
You may have to have extensive experiences to deal with issues like this.
2. choose to
After graduation from college， he chooses to take a poorly paid job instead.
If you choose to stay， I'm afraid you will also have to finish that writing first.
3. in the first place
You shouldn't take him on that trip in the first place.
There was this hidden error in the first place. How could you put all the blame on me？
4. label as
I can hardly believe that you could label it as toys.
His pitiful copy of my writing was labeled as the most creative in his class. What a joke！
5. can't help doing something
Despite repeated advice by my doctor， I simply can't help eating this fatty meat whenever there is a chance.
The boy could not help crying when he lost sight of his loving father.
6. hang on to sth
He hung on to his toy gun.
The little girl hung on to her mother's hand when they crossed the street.
7. risk doing sth
You will risk losing your job if you go on like this.
He risked being criticized when he was late for the meeting.
8. result in
The safety measures will result in the reduction of work accidents.
The game resulted in a tie.
9. use up
Since the energy on the earth can be used up one day， we will have to look for new energy sources right now.
Can you fetch me some paper？ I've used up all of them.
10. back down
I backed down carefully when I spotted a cobra on the island.
If they are not going to back down， we may have to find another way of compromise.