不景氣 slump （衰退 recession）
二板市場(chǎng) the second board market
中國(guó)創(chuàng)業(yè)板 China Growth Enterprise Market
首次上市 IPOs （initial public offering）
市場(chǎng)資本總額 market capitalization
法人股 institutional shares
內(nèi)部股（非上市招股） private company shares
牛市 bull market
法律風(fēng)險(xiǎn) legal risk
風(fēng)險(xiǎn)管理 risk management
堅(jiān)持嚴(yán)格的貸款標(biāo)準(zhǔn) maintain strong underwriting standards
六大風(fēng)險(xiǎn) risks in 6 key areas （U.S. Federal Reserve criterion）
信用風(fēng)險(xiǎn) credit risk
供給學(xué)派 supply-side economist
第一產(chǎn)業(yè)（農(nóng)業(yè)） agriculture （primary industry）
第二產(chǎn)業(yè)（工業(yè)） manufacturing industry （secondary industry）
第三產(chǎn)業(yè)（服務(wù)業(yè)） service industry （tertiary industry）
主要經(jīng)濟(jì)指標(biāo) major economic indicators
國(guó)內(nèi)生產(chǎn)總值 GDP gross domestic product （商品和勞務(wù)幣值總和，不包括海外收入支出）
國(guó)民生產(chǎn)總值 GNP gross national product（商品和勞務(wù)幣值總和，包括海外收入支出）
人均國(guó)內(nèi)生產(chǎn)總值 GDP per capita
宏觀經(jīng)濟(jì) macro economy
互助基金 mutual fund
擴(kuò)大內(nèi)需 expand domestic demand
改善居民心理預(yù)期 inspire the general public's confidence in the future needs
鼓勵(lì)增加即期消費(fèi) encourage more immediate consumption
長(zhǎng)期國(guó)債 long-term treasury bonds
支付國(guó)債利息 to service treasury bonds
財(cái)政赤字和債務(wù) deficits and the national debt
按原口徑計(jì)算 calculate on the base line
按不變價(jià)格計(jì)算 calculate at constant price
按可比價(jià)格計(jì)算 calculate at comparable price
列入財(cái)政預(yù)算支出 listed in the fiscal budget
結(jié)售匯制度 the system of exchange， settlement and sales
經(jīng)常項(xiàng)目順差 favorable balance of current account， surplus of current account
開(kāi)辦人民幣業(yè)務(wù) engage in Renminbi （RMB） business
出口退稅制度 the system of refunding taxes on exported goods
保證金臺(tái)帳制度 Deposit account system for processing trade
分期付款 pay by installment
保值儲(chǔ)蓄 inflation-proof bank savings
抵押貸款 collateralised loans
住房抵押貸款 residential mortgage loan
貨幣主義者 monetarist
計(jì)劃經(jīng)濟(jì) planned economy
指令性計(jì)劃 mandatory plan
技術(shù)密集型 technology intensive
大規(guī)模生產(chǎn) mass production
經(jīng)濟(jì)林 cash tree
跟蹤審計(jì) follow-up auditing
流動(dòng)性風(fēng)險(xiǎn) liquidity risk
操作風(fēng)險(xiǎn) operational risk
內(nèi)部審計(jì) internal audit
拋售 bear sales
配套政策 supporting policies
中國(guó)人民銀行（中央銀行）The People's Bank of China（central bank）
四大國(guó)有商業(yè)銀行 4 major state-owned commercial banks
中國(guó)銀行 Bank of china
中國(guó)工商銀行 Industrial and Commercial Bank of China（）and
中國(guó)建設(shè)銀行 Construction Bank of China
中國(guó)農(nóng)業(yè)銀行 Agricultural Bank of China
招商銀行 China Merchants Bank
疲軟股票 soft stock
配股 allotment of shares
實(shí)際增長(zhǎng)率 growth rate in real terms
年均增長(zhǎng)率 average growth rate per annum
投資回報(bào)率 rate of return on investment
外貿(mào)進(jìn)出口總額 total foreign trade value
實(shí)際利用外資 incoming overseas capital （investment） in place
消費(fèi)價(jià)格指數(shù) consumer price index （CPI）
零售價(jià)格指數(shù) retail price index （RPI）
生活費(fèi)用價(jià)格總指數(shù) total price index of living cost
生活費(fèi)用 income available for living expenses
扣除物價(jià)因素 in real terms / on inflation-adjusted basis
居民儲(chǔ)蓄存款 residents' bank savings deposit
恩格爾系數(shù)（食品開(kāi)支占總支出的比例） Engel coefficient
基尼系數(shù)（衡量地區(qū)差別） Gini coefficient
購(gòu)買(mǎi)力平價(jià)法 purchasing power parity （PPP） （衡量使用不同貨幣的兩個(gè)國(guó)家或地區(qū)的經(jīng)濟(jì)水平、收入水平的一種計(jì)算法，用相等的匯率比較兩種貨幣各自的國(guó)內(nèi)購(gòu)買(mǎi)力）
片面追求發(fā)展速度 excessive pursuit of growth
泡沫經(jīng)濟(jì) bubble economy 經(jīng)濟(jì)過(guò)熱 overheating of economy
通貨膨脹 inflation
實(shí)體經(jīng)濟(jì) the real economy
經(jīng)濟(jì)規(guī)律 laws of economics
市場(chǎng)調(diào)節(jié) market regulation
優(yōu)化資源配置 optimize allocation of resources
規(guī)模經(jīng)營(yíng)優(yōu)勢(shì) advantage of economies of scale
勞動(dòng)密集型 labor intensive
市場(chǎng)風(fēng)險(xiǎn) market risk
收緊銀根 tighten up monetary policy
適度從緊的財(cái)政政策 moderately tight fiscal policy
信用緊縮 credit crunch
加強(qiáng)國(guó)有商業(yè)銀行內(nèi)部資金調(diào)度 In state commercial banks， internal capital allocation should be improved.
合理劃分貸款審批權(quán)限 Limits of authority for examining and approving loans should be rationally defined.
保證有市場(chǎng)、有效益、守信用企業(yè)的流動(dòng)資金貸款 ensure floating capital loans for well- performing and trustworthy enterprises which turn out the right products for the right markets
啟動(dòng)民間投資 attract investment from the private sector
適銷(xiāo)對(duì)路的產(chǎn)品 the right products / readily marketable products
國(guó)有企業(yè) state-owned enterprises （SOEs）
集體企業(yè) collectively-owned （partnership） enterprises
私營(yíng)企業(yè) private businesses
民營(yíng)企業(yè) privately-run businesses
中小企業(yè) small-and-medium-sized enterprises
三資企業(yè)（中外合資、中外合作、外商獨(dú)資） overseas-invested enterprises； foreign- invested enterprises （Chinese-overseas equity joint ventures， Chinese-overseas contractual joint ventures， wholly foreign- owned enterprises）
存款保證金 guaranty money for deposits
貨幣回籠 withdrawal of currency from circulation
吸收游資 absorb idle fund
經(jīng)常性貸款 commercial lending
經(jīng)常性支出 operating expenses
再貸款 re-lending； subloan
支持國(guó)有大型企業(yè)和高新技術(shù)企業(yè)上市融資 support large state- owned enterprises and high and innovative technology companies in their efforts to seek financing by listing on the stock market
改制上市 An enterprise is re-organized according to modern corporate system so that it will get listed on the stock market.
進(jìn)一步規(guī)范和發(fā)展證券市場(chǎng) further standardize and develop the securities market
增加直接融資比重 increase the proportion of direct financing
完善股票發(fā)行上市制度 improve the system for IPO and listing on stock markets
中國(guó)證監(jiān)會(huì) China Securities Regulatory Commission （CSRC）
深圳證券交易所市 Shenzhen Stock Exchange
上海證券交易所 Shanghai Stock Exchange
綜合指數(shù) composite index
納斯達(dá)克（高技術(shù)企業(yè)板） NASDAQ （National Association of Securities Dealers Automated Quotation
主板市場(chǎng) the main board
通貨緊縮 deflation
中國(guó)現(xiàn)代化建設(shè)分三步走的戰(zhàn)略the three- step development strategy of China's modernization drive第一步，到1990年國(guó)民生產(chǎn)總值比1980年翻一番 Step One： GDP of 1990 doubles that of 1980.第二步，到2000年人均國(guó)民生產(chǎn)總值比 1980年翻兩番，人民生活達(dá)到小康水平 Step Two： GDP of 2000 quadruples that of 1980； people live a fairly comfortable life.第三步，到21世紀(jì)中期建國(guó)100周年時(shí)，達(dá)到中等發(fā)達(dá)國(guó)家水平 Step Three： By the year 2049， the 100th anniversary of the P.R.C.， China's level of development is expected to be on par with the mid-ranking developed countries
與世界經(jīng)濟(jì)的聯(lián)系將更加緊密 be more closely linked to the world economy
中國(guó)巨大的市場(chǎng)潛力將逐步轉(zhuǎn)化為現(xiàn)實(shí)的購(gòu)買(mǎi)力 The huge market potential that China enjoys will be turned into tangible purchasing power.
適應(yīng)市場(chǎng)經(jīng)濟(jì)需要的法律法規(guī)體系還不夠健全 The regulatory and legal system is not well established as to adapt to the demand of market economy.
經(jīng)濟(jì)管理體制可能會(huì)出現(xiàn)一些不適應(yīng) The economic management system may not be readily adapted to the changes.
一些行業(yè)和企業(yè)可能會(huì)受到?jīng)_擊 Some sectors of economy and some businesses may be adversely affected.
立足中國(guó)國(guó)情，發(fā)揮自身優(yōu)勢(shì) proceed from national conditions in China and bring our advantages into play
揚(yáng)長(zhǎng)避短，趨利避害，迎接經(jīng)濟(jì)全球化的挑戰(zhàn) foster strengths and circumvent weaknesses and rise to the challenge of economic globalization
瓶頸制約 bottleneck constraints
放權(quán)讓利 decentralization and interest concessions （in late 1980s and early 1990s）
深化改革 intensify reform； deepen one's commitment to reform
配套改革 supporting （concomitant） reforms
配套資金 counterpart funds； local funding of
提高經(jīng)濟(jì)效益 improve economic performance； increase economic returns
講求社會(huì)效益 value contribution to society； pay attention to social effect
加速?lài)?guó)民經(jīng)濟(jì)信息化 develop information-based economy accelerate IT application in economy
拉動(dòng)經(jīng)濟(jì)增長(zhǎng) fuel economic growth
利改稅 substitution of tax payment for profit delivery
費(fèi)改稅 transform administrative fees into taxes
債轉(zhuǎn)股 debt-to-equity swap
頭寸寬裕（頭寸緊缺） in an easy position （tight position）
朝陽(yáng)產(chǎn)業(yè) sunrise industry
招標(biāo)投標(biāo)制 the system of public bidding for project
充分發(fā)揮貨幣政策的作用 give full play to the role of monetary policy
實(shí)施積極的財(cái)政政策 follow a pro-active fiscal policy
向銀行增發(fā)國(guó)債，擴(kuò)大投資 The government issued additional treasury bonds to banks to increase investment.
再注資 recapitalization
放松銀根 to ease monetary policy
信息經(jīng)濟(jì) IT economy
外向型經(jīng)濟(jì) export-oriented economy
信息時(shí)代 information age
全球化 globalization （全球性globality）
信譽(yù)風(fēng)險(xiǎn) reputational risk
風(fēng)險(xiǎn)評(píng)級(jí) risk rating
到期不還貸 default on a loan
資不抵債 insolvency； be insolvent
亞洲金融危機(jī) Asian financial crisis （1997-98）
投資（貸款）組合 investment （loan） portfolio
外匯儲(chǔ)備充足 sufficient foreign exchange reserves
中國(guó)金融業(yè)問(wèn)題 problems with financial sector in China
儲(chǔ)蓄比例過(guò)高 the excessively large proportion of savings in the money supply
國(guó)有企業(yè)產(chǎn)負(fù)債率過(guò)高 high leverage ratio of the state-owned enterprises，
國(guó)有獨(dú)資商業(yè)銀行不良資產(chǎn)比例過(guò)高 high ratio of non-performing loans of the state commercial banks
少數(shù)中小存款金融機(jī)構(gòu)不能支付到期債務(wù) insolvency of a handful of small and medium-sized financial institutions
不良貸款 non-performing loans
防范和化解金融風(fēng)險(xiǎn) address financial risks
提高企業(yè)借貸和行使民事責(zé)任的能力 improve enterprises' creditworthiness and ability to fulfil their civil liabilities
監(jiān)事會(huì) supervisory board
實(shí)行謹(jǐn)慎會(huì)計(jì)制度 adopt prudential accounting standards
五級(jí)分類(lèi)法劃分貸款質(zhì)量 the five-category asset classification approach
金融資產(chǎn)管理公司 financial asset management companies
分離和收回不良資產(chǎn) substantially reduce the ratio of non-performing assets
分業(yè)管理、規(guī)模經(jīng)營(yíng) business segregation， economy of scale
規(guī)范金融機(jī)構(gòu)市場(chǎng)退出制度 improve the market exit mechanism for financial institutions
政策性銀行 state policy-related bank
國(guó)家發(fā)展銀行 State Development Bank
知識(shí)經(jīng)濟(jì) knowledge-based economy
網(wǎng)絡(luò)經(jīng)濟(jì) Internet-based networked economy
指導(dǎo)性計(jì)劃 guidance plan
社會(huì)主義市場(chǎng)經(jīng)濟(jì)（中國(guó)） socialist market economy
社會(huì)市場(chǎng)經(jīng)濟(jì)（德國(guó)） social market economy
新經(jīng)濟(jì)（美國(guó)） new economy
中國(guó)光大銀行 Everbright Bank of China
中國(guó)民聲銀行 China Minsheng Banking Corporation Ltd.
中信實(shí)業(yè)銀行 CITIC Industrial Bank
中國(guó)進(jìn)出口銀行 China EXIM Bank
匯豐銀行 Hong Kong and Shanghai Banking Corporation （HKSBC）
金融監(jiān)管 financial supervision
中國(guó)人民銀行法 Law of the People's Bank of China
商業(yè)銀行法 Law of Commercial Banks
保險(xiǎn)法 Law of Insurance
證券法 Law of Securities
巴塞爾原則 Basel Core Principles
監(jiān)管對(duì)象的行為有問(wèn)題、管理機(jī)制不健全 problems of supervised entities' behavior and the unsound internal governance mechanism
風(fēng)險(xiǎn)意識(shí) consciousness of risk prevention
事前監(jiān)管 proactive regulation and supervision
account number 帳目編號(hào)
depositor 存戶(hù)
pay-in slip 存款單
a deposit form 存款單
a banding machine 自動(dòng)存取機(jī)
to deposit 存款
deposit receipt 存款收據(jù)
private deposits 私人存款
certificate of deposit 存單
deposit book， passbook 存折
credit card 信用卡
principal 本金
overdraft， overdraw 透支
to counter sign 雙簽
to endorse 背書(shū)
endorser 背書(shū)人
to cash 兌現(xiàn)
to honor a check 兌付
to dishonor a check 拒付
to suspend payment 止付
check 支票
check book 支票本
order check 記名支票
bearer check 不記名支票
crossed check 橫線支票
blank check 空白支票
rubber check 空頭支票
check stub， counterfoil 票根
cash check 現(xiàn)金支票
traveler's check 旅行支票
check for transfer 轉(zhuǎn)帳支票
outstanding check 未付支票
canceled check 已付支票
forged check 偽支票
Bandar's note 莊票，銀票
banker 銀行家
president 行長(zhǎng)
savings bank 儲(chǔ)蓄銀行
Chase Bank 大通銀行
National City Bank of New York 花旗銀行
Hongkong Shanghai Banking Corporation 匯豐銀行
Chartered Bank of India， Australia and China 麥加利銀行
Banque de I'Indo Chine 東方匯理銀行
central bank， national bank， banker's bank 中央銀行
bank of issue， bank of circulation 發(fā)行幣銀行
commercial bank 商業(yè)銀行，儲(chǔ)蓄信貸銀行
member bank， credit bank 儲(chǔ)蓄信貸銀行
discount bank 貼現(xiàn)銀行
exchange bank 匯兌銀行
requesting bank 委托開(kāi)證銀行
issuing bank， opening bank 開(kāi)證銀行
advising bank， notifying bank 通知銀行
negotiation bank 議付銀行
confirming bank 保兌銀行
paying bank 付款銀行
associate banker of collection 代收銀行
consigned banker of collection 委托銀行
clearing bank 清算銀行
local bank 本地銀行
domestic bank 國(guó)內(nèi)銀行
overseas bank 國(guó)外銀行
unincorporated bank 錢(qián)莊
branch bank 銀行分行
trustee savings bank 信托儲(chǔ)蓄銀行
trust company 信托公司
financial trust 金融信托公司
unit trust 信托投資公司
trust institution 銀行的信托部
credit department 銀行的信用部
commercial credit company（discount company） 商業(yè)信貸公司（貼現(xiàn)公司）
neighborhood savings bank， bank of deposit 街道儲(chǔ)蓄所
credit union 合作銀行
credit bureau 商業(yè)興信所
self-service bank 無(wú)人銀行
land bank 土地銀行
construction bank 建設(shè)銀行
industrial and commercial bank 工商銀行
bank of communications 交通銀行
mutual savings bank 互助儲(chǔ)蓄銀行
post office savings bank 郵局儲(chǔ)蓄銀行
mortgage bank， building society 抵押銀行
industrial bank 實(shí)業(yè)銀行
home loan bank 家宅貸款銀行
reserve bank 準(zhǔn)備銀行
chartered bank 特許銀行
corresponding bank 往來(lái)銀行
merchant bank， accepting bank 承兌銀行
investment bank 投資銀行
import and export bank （EXIMBANK） 進(jìn)出口銀行
joint venture bank 合資銀行
money shop， native bank 錢(qián)莊
credit cooperatives 信用社
clearing house 票據(jù)交換所
public accounting 公共會(huì)計(jì)
business accounting 商業(yè)會(huì)計(jì)
cost accounting 成本會(huì)計(jì)
depreciation accounting 折舊會(huì)計(jì)
computerized accounting 電腦化會(huì)計(jì)
general ledger 總帳
subsidiary ledger 分戶(hù)帳
cash book 現(xiàn)金出納帳
cash account 現(xiàn)金帳
journal， day-book 日記帳，流水帳
bad debts 壞帳
investment 投資
surplus 結(jié)余
idle capital 游資
economic cycle 經(jīng)濟(jì)周期
economic boom 經(jīng)濟(jì)繁榮
economic recession 經(jīng)濟(jì)衰退
economic depression 經(jīng)濟(jì)蕭條
economic crisis 經(jīng)濟(jì)危機(jī)
economic recovery 經(jīng)濟(jì)復(fù)蘇
inflation 通貨膨脹
deflation 通貨收縮
devaluation 貨幣貶值
revaluation 貨幣增值
international balance of payment 國(guó)際收支
favorable balance 順差
adverse balance 逆差
hard currency 硬通貨
soft currency 軟通貨
international monetary system 國(guó)際貨幣制度
the purchasing power of money 貨幣購(gòu)買(mǎi)力
money in circulation 貨幣流通量
note issue 紙幣發(fā)行量
national budget 國(guó)家預(yù)算
national gross product 國(guó)民生產(chǎn)總值
public bond 公債
stock， share 股票
debenture 債券
treasury bill 國(guó)庫(kù)券
debt chain 債務(wù)鏈
direct exchange 直接（對(duì)角）套匯
indirect exchange 間接（三角）套匯
cross rate， arbitrage rate 套匯匯率
foreign currency （exchange） reserve 外匯儲(chǔ)備
foreign exchange fluctuation 外匯波動(dòng)
foreign exchange crisis 外匯危機(jī)
discount 貼現(xiàn)
discount rate， bank rate 貼現(xiàn)率
gold reserve 黃金儲(chǔ)備
money （financial） market 金融市場(chǎng)
stock exchange 股票交易所
broker 經(jīng)紀(jì)人
commission 傭金
bookkeeping 簿記
bookkeeper 簿記員
an application form 申請(qǐng)單
bank statement 對(duì)帳單
letter of credit 信用證
strong room， vault 保險(xiǎn)庫(kù)
equitable tax system 等價(jià)稅則
specimen signature 簽字式樣
banking hours， business hours 營(yíng)業(yè)時(shí)間
share， equity， stock 股票、股權(quán)
negotiable share 可流通股份
treasury /government bond 國(guó)庫(kù)券/政府債券
closed-end securities investment fund 封閉式證券投資基金
open-end securities investment fund 開(kāi)放式證券投資基金
market capitalization 市值
mark-to-market 逐日盯市
clearing and settlement 清算/結(jié)算
put / call option 看跌/看漲期權(quán)
rights issue/offering 配股
ADR（American Depository Receipt）美國(guó)存托憑證/存股證
GDR（Global Depository Receipt） 全球存托憑證/存股證
institutional investor 機(jī)構(gòu)投資者
proprietary trading 自營(yíng)
market manipulation 市場(chǎng)操縱
IPO（Initial Public Offering）新股初始公開(kāi)發(fā)行
securities 證券
premium 溢價(jià)
share capital 股本
composite index 綜合指數(shù)
capital market 資本市場(chǎng)
liquidity 流通性
highly-leveraged institutions（HLI） 高杠桿交易機(jī)構(gòu)
subscribe 申購(gòu)
underwriter承銷(xiāo)商
road show 路演
primary market 一級(jí)市場(chǎng)
information disclosure 信息披露
blue chips 藍(lán)籌股
gilt-edged bond 金邊債券
rating agency 評(píng)級(jí)機(jī)構(gòu)
credit trading 信用交易
open/close a position 建/平倉(cāng)
bond， debenture， debts 債券
convertible bond 可轉(zhuǎn)換債券
corporate bond 企業(yè)債券
fund manager 基金經(jīng)理/管理公司
fund custodian bank 基金托管銀行
p/e （price/earning） ratio 市盈率
payment versus delivery 銀券交付
commodity/financial derivatives 商品/金融衍生產(chǎn)品
margins， collateral 保證金
bonus share 紅股
dividend 紅利/股息
retail / private investor 個(gè)人投資者/散戶(hù)
broker/dealer 券商
insider trading/dealing 內(nèi)幕交易
prospectus招股說(shuō)明書(shū)
merger and acquisition收購(gòu)兼并
warrant 認(rèn)股權(quán)證
raised capital/proceeds 籌資
component index 成份指數(shù)
turnover rate 換手率
monetary market 貨幣市場(chǎng)
hedge fund 對(duì)沖基金
self-regulatory organization（SRO）自律組織
issuer 發(fā)行人
intermediary 中介機(jī)構(gòu)
secondary listing 第二上市
secondary market 二級(jí)市場(chǎng)
controlling shareholder 控股股東
red chips紅籌股
junk bond 立即債券
securities loan 融券
financing 融資
二板市場(chǎng) the second board market
中國(guó)創(chuàng)業(yè)板 China Growth Enterprise Market
首次上市 IPOs （initial public offering）
市場(chǎng)資本總額 market capitalization
法人股 institutional shares
內(nèi)部股（非上市招股） private company shares
牛市 bull market
法律風(fēng)險(xiǎn) legal risk
風(fēng)險(xiǎn)管理 risk management
堅(jiān)持嚴(yán)格的貸款標(biāo)準(zhǔn) maintain strong underwriting standards
六大風(fēng)險(xiǎn) risks in 6 key areas （U.S. Federal Reserve criterion）
信用風(fēng)險(xiǎn) credit risk
供給學(xué)派 supply-side economist
第一產(chǎn)業(yè)（農(nóng)業(yè)） agriculture （primary industry）
第二產(chǎn)業(yè)（工業(yè)） manufacturing industry （secondary industry）
第三產(chǎn)業(yè)（服務(wù)業(yè)） service industry （tertiary industry）
主要經(jīng)濟(jì)指標(biāo) major economic indicators
國(guó)內(nèi)生產(chǎn)總值 GDP gross domestic product （商品和勞務(wù)幣值總和，不包括海外收入支出）
國(guó)民生產(chǎn)總值 GNP gross national product（商品和勞務(wù)幣值總和，包括海外收入支出）
人均國(guó)內(nèi)生產(chǎn)總值 GDP per capita
宏觀經(jīng)濟(jì) macro economy
互助基金 mutual fund
擴(kuò)大內(nèi)需 expand domestic demand
改善居民心理預(yù)期 inspire the general public's confidence in the future needs
鼓勵(lì)增加即期消費(fèi) encourage more immediate consumption
長(zhǎng)期國(guó)債 long-term treasury bonds
支付國(guó)債利息 to service treasury bonds
財(cái)政赤字和債務(wù) deficits and the national debt
按原口徑計(jì)算 calculate on the base line
按不變價(jià)格計(jì)算 calculate at constant price
按可比價(jià)格計(jì)算 calculate at comparable price
列入財(cái)政預(yù)算支出 listed in the fiscal budget
結(jié)售匯制度 the system of exchange， settlement and sales
經(jīng)常項(xiàng)目順差 favorable balance of current account， surplus of current account
開(kāi)辦人民幣業(yè)務(wù) engage in Renminbi （RMB） business
出口退稅制度 the system of refunding taxes on exported goods
保證金臺(tái)帳制度 Deposit account system for processing trade
分期付款 pay by installment
保值儲(chǔ)蓄 inflation-proof bank savings
抵押貸款 collateralised loans
住房抵押貸款 residential mortgage loan
貨幣主義者 monetarist
計(jì)劃經(jīng)濟(jì) planned economy
指令性計(jì)劃 mandatory plan
技術(shù)密集型 technology intensive
大規(guī)模生產(chǎn) mass production
經(jīng)濟(jì)林 cash tree
跟蹤審計(jì) follow-up auditing
流動(dòng)性風(fēng)險(xiǎn) liquidity risk
操作風(fēng)險(xiǎn) operational risk
內(nèi)部審計(jì) internal audit
拋售 bear sales
配套政策 supporting policies
中國(guó)人民銀行（中央銀行）The People's Bank of China（central bank）
四大國(guó)有商業(yè)銀行 4 major state-owned commercial banks
中國(guó)銀行 Bank of china
中國(guó)工商銀行 Industrial and Commercial Bank of China（）and
中國(guó)建設(shè)銀行 Construction Bank of China
中國(guó)農(nóng)業(yè)銀行 Agricultural Bank of China
招商銀行 China Merchants Bank
疲軟股票 soft stock
配股 allotment of shares
實(shí)際增長(zhǎng)率 growth rate in real terms
年均增長(zhǎng)率 average growth rate per annum
投資回報(bào)率 rate of return on investment
外貿(mào)進(jìn)出口總額 total foreign trade value
實(shí)際利用外資 incoming overseas capital （investment） in place
消費(fèi)價(jià)格指數(shù) consumer price index （CPI）
零售價(jià)格指數(shù) retail price index （RPI）
生活費(fèi)用價(jià)格總指數(shù) total price index of living cost
生活費(fèi)用 income available for living expenses
扣除物價(jià)因素 in real terms / on inflation-adjusted basis
居民儲(chǔ)蓄存款 residents' bank savings deposit
恩格爾系數(shù)（食品開(kāi)支占總支出的比例） Engel coefficient
基尼系數(shù)（衡量地區(qū)差別） Gini coefficient
購(gòu)買(mǎi)力平價(jià)法 purchasing power parity （PPP） （衡量使用不同貨幣的兩個(gè)國(guó)家或地區(qū)的經(jīng)濟(jì)水平、收入水平的一種計(jì)算法，用相等的匯率比較兩種貨幣各自的國(guó)內(nèi)購(gòu)買(mǎi)力）
片面追求發(fā)展速度 excessive pursuit of growth
泡沫經(jīng)濟(jì) bubble economy 經(jīng)濟(jì)過(guò)熱 overheating of economy
通貨膨脹 inflation
實(shí)體經(jīng)濟(jì) the real economy
經(jīng)濟(jì)規(guī)律 laws of economics
市場(chǎng)調(diào)節(jié) market regulation
優(yōu)化資源配置 optimize allocation of resources
規(guī)模經(jīng)營(yíng)優(yōu)勢(shì) advantage of economies of scale
勞動(dòng)密集型 labor intensive
市場(chǎng)風(fēng)險(xiǎn) market risk
收緊銀根 tighten up monetary policy
適度從緊的財(cái)政政策 moderately tight fiscal policy
信用緊縮 credit crunch
加強(qiáng)國(guó)有商業(yè)銀行內(nèi)部資金調(diào)度 In state commercial banks， internal capital allocation should be improved.
合理劃分貸款審批權(quán)限 Limits of authority for examining and approving loans should be rationally defined.
保證有市場(chǎng)、有效益、守信用企業(yè)的流動(dòng)資金貸款 ensure floating capital loans for well- performing and trustworthy enterprises which turn out the right products for the right markets
啟動(dòng)民間投資 attract investment from the private sector
適銷(xiāo)對(duì)路的產(chǎn)品 the right products / readily marketable products
國(guó)有企業(yè) state-owned enterprises （SOEs）
集體企業(yè) collectively-owned （partnership） enterprises
私營(yíng)企業(yè) private businesses
民營(yíng)企業(yè) privately-run businesses
中小企業(yè) small-and-medium-sized enterprises
三資企業(yè)（中外合資、中外合作、外商獨(dú)資） overseas-invested enterprises； foreign- invested enterprises （Chinese-overseas equity joint ventures， Chinese-overseas contractual joint ventures， wholly foreign- owned enterprises）
存款保證金 guaranty money for deposits
貨幣回籠 withdrawal of currency from circulation
吸收游資 absorb idle fund
經(jīng)常性貸款 commercial lending
經(jīng)常性支出 operating expenses
再貸款 re-lending； subloan
支持國(guó)有大型企業(yè)和高新技術(shù)企業(yè)上市融資 support large state- owned enterprises and high and innovative technology companies in their efforts to seek financing by listing on the stock market
改制上市 An enterprise is re-organized according to modern corporate system so that it will get listed on the stock market.
進(jìn)一步規(guī)范和發(fā)展證券市場(chǎng) further standardize and develop the securities market
增加直接融資比重 increase the proportion of direct financing
完善股票發(fā)行上市制度 improve the system for IPO and listing on stock markets
中國(guó)證監(jiān)會(huì) China Securities Regulatory Commission （CSRC）
深圳證券交易所市 Shenzhen Stock Exchange
上海證券交易所 Shanghai Stock Exchange
綜合指數(shù) composite index
納斯達(dá)克（高技術(shù)企業(yè)板） NASDAQ （National Association of Securities Dealers Automated Quotation
主板市場(chǎng) the main board
通貨緊縮 deflation
中國(guó)現(xiàn)代化建設(shè)分三步走的戰(zhàn)略the three- step development strategy of China's modernization drive第一步，到1990年國(guó)民生產(chǎn)總值比1980年翻一番 Step One： GDP of 1990 doubles that of 1980.第二步，到2000年人均國(guó)民生產(chǎn)總值比 1980年翻兩番，人民生活達(dá)到小康水平 Step Two： GDP of 2000 quadruples that of 1980； people live a fairly comfortable life.第三步，到21世紀(jì)中期建國(guó)100周年時(shí)，達(dá)到中等發(fā)達(dá)國(guó)家水平 Step Three： By the year 2049， the 100th anniversary of the P.R.C.， China's level of development is expected to be on par with the mid-ranking developed countries
與世界經(jīng)濟(jì)的聯(lián)系將更加緊密 be more closely linked to the world economy
中國(guó)巨大的市場(chǎng)潛力將逐步轉(zhuǎn)化為現(xiàn)實(shí)的購(gòu)買(mǎi)力 The huge market potential that China enjoys will be turned into tangible purchasing power.
適應(yīng)市場(chǎng)經(jīng)濟(jì)需要的法律法規(guī)體系還不夠健全 The regulatory and legal system is not well established as to adapt to the demand of market economy.
經(jīng)濟(jì)管理體制可能會(huì)出現(xiàn)一些不適應(yīng) The economic management system may not be readily adapted to the changes.
一些行業(yè)和企業(yè)可能會(huì)受到?jīng)_擊 Some sectors of economy and some businesses may be adversely affected.
立足中國(guó)國(guó)情，發(fā)揮自身優(yōu)勢(shì) proceed from national conditions in China and bring our advantages into play
揚(yáng)長(zhǎng)避短，趨利避害，迎接經(jīng)濟(jì)全球化的挑戰(zhàn) foster strengths and circumvent weaknesses and rise to the challenge of economic globalization
瓶頸制約 bottleneck constraints
放權(quán)讓利 decentralization and interest concessions （in late 1980s and early 1990s）
深化改革 intensify reform； deepen one's commitment to reform
配套改革 supporting （concomitant） reforms
配套資金 counterpart funds； local funding of
提高經(jīng)濟(jì)效益 improve economic performance； increase economic returns
講求社會(huì)效益 value contribution to society； pay attention to social effect
加速?lài)?guó)民經(jīng)濟(jì)信息化 develop information-based economy accelerate IT application in economy
拉動(dòng)經(jīng)濟(jì)增長(zhǎng) fuel economic growth
利改稅 substitution of tax payment for profit delivery
費(fèi)改稅 transform administrative fees into taxes
債轉(zhuǎn)股 debt-to-equity swap
頭寸寬裕（頭寸緊缺） in an easy position （tight position）
朝陽(yáng)產(chǎn)業(yè) sunrise industry
招標(biāo)投標(biāo)制 the system of public bidding for project
充分發(fā)揮貨幣政策的作用 give full play to the role of monetary policy
實(shí)施積極的財(cái)政政策 follow a pro-active fiscal policy
向銀行增發(fā)國(guó)債，擴(kuò)大投資 The government issued additional treasury bonds to banks to increase investment.
再注資 recapitalization
放松銀根 to ease monetary policy
信息經(jīng)濟(jì) IT economy
外向型經(jīng)濟(jì) export-oriented economy
信息時(shí)代 information age
全球化 globalization （全球性globality）
信譽(yù)風(fēng)險(xiǎn) reputational risk
風(fēng)險(xiǎn)評(píng)級(jí) risk rating
到期不還貸 default on a loan
資不抵債 insolvency； be insolvent
亞洲金融危機(jī) Asian financial crisis （1997-98）
投資（貸款）組合 investment （loan） portfolio
外匯儲(chǔ)備充足 sufficient foreign exchange reserves
中國(guó)金融業(yè)問(wèn)題 problems with financial sector in China
儲(chǔ)蓄比例過(guò)高 the excessively large proportion of savings in the money supply
國(guó)有企業(yè)產(chǎn)負(fù)債率過(guò)高 high leverage ratio of the state-owned enterprises，
國(guó)有獨(dú)資商業(yè)銀行不良資產(chǎn)比例過(guò)高 high ratio of non-performing loans of the state commercial banks
少數(shù)中小存款金融機(jī)構(gòu)不能支付到期債務(wù) insolvency of a handful of small and medium-sized financial institutions
不良貸款 non-performing loans
防范和化解金融風(fēng)險(xiǎn) address financial risks
提高企業(yè)借貸和行使民事責(zé)任的能力 improve enterprises' creditworthiness and ability to fulfil their civil liabilities
監(jiān)事會(huì) supervisory board
實(shí)行謹(jǐn)慎會(huì)計(jì)制度 adopt prudential accounting standards
五級(jí)分類(lèi)法劃分貸款質(zhì)量 the five-category asset classification approach
金融資產(chǎn)管理公司 financial asset management companies
分離和收回不良資產(chǎn) substantially reduce the ratio of non-performing assets
分業(yè)管理、規(guī)模經(jīng)營(yíng) business segregation， economy of scale
規(guī)范金融機(jī)構(gòu)市場(chǎng)退出制度 improve the market exit mechanism for financial institutions
政策性銀行 state policy-related bank
國(guó)家發(fā)展銀行 State Development Bank
知識(shí)經(jīng)濟(jì) knowledge-based economy
網(wǎng)絡(luò)經(jīng)濟(jì) Internet-based networked economy
指導(dǎo)性計(jì)劃 guidance plan
社會(huì)主義市場(chǎng)經(jīng)濟(jì)（中國(guó)） socialist market economy
社會(huì)市場(chǎng)經(jīng)濟(jì)（德國(guó)） social market economy
新經(jīng)濟(jì)（美國(guó)） new economy
中國(guó)光大銀行 Everbright Bank of China
中國(guó)民聲銀行 China Minsheng Banking Corporation Ltd.
中信實(shí)業(yè)銀行 CITIC Industrial Bank
中國(guó)進(jìn)出口銀行 China EXIM Bank
匯豐銀行 Hong Kong and Shanghai Banking Corporation （HKSBC）
金融監(jiān)管 financial supervision
中國(guó)人民銀行法 Law of the People's Bank of China
商業(yè)銀行法 Law of Commercial Banks
保險(xiǎn)法 Law of Insurance
證券法 Law of Securities
巴塞爾原則 Basel Core Principles
監(jiān)管對(duì)象的行為有問(wèn)題、管理機(jī)制不健全 problems of supervised entities' behavior and the unsound internal governance mechanism
風(fēng)險(xiǎn)意識(shí) consciousness of risk prevention
事前監(jiān)管 proactive regulation and supervision
account number 帳目編號(hào)
depositor 存戶(hù)
pay-in slip 存款單
a deposit form 存款單
a banding machine 自動(dòng)存取機(jī)
to deposit 存款
deposit receipt 存款收據(jù)
private deposits 私人存款
certificate of deposit 存單
deposit book， passbook 存折
credit card 信用卡
principal 本金
overdraft， overdraw 透支
to counter sign 雙簽
to endorse 背書(shū)
endorser 背書(shū)人
to cash 兌現(xiàn)
to honor a check 兌付
to dishonor a check 拒付
to suspend payment 止付
check 支票
check book 支票本
order check 記名支票
bearer check 不記名支票
crossed check 橫線支票
blank check 空白支票
rubber check 空頭支票
check stub， counterfoil 票根
cash check 現(xiàn)金支票
traveler's check 旅行支票
check for transfer 轉(zhuǎn)帳支票
outstanding check 未付支票
canceled check 已付支票
forged check 偽支票
Bandar's note 莊票，銀票
banker 銀行家
president 行長(zhǎng)
savings bank 儲(chǔ)蓄銀行
Chase Bank 大通銀行
National City Bank of New York 花旗銀行
Hongkong Shanghai Banking Corporation 匯豐銀行
Chartered Bank of India， Australia and China 麥加利銀行
Banque de I'Indo Chine 東方匯理銀行
central bank， national bank， banker's bank 中央銀行
bank of issue， bank of circulation 發(fā)行幣銀行
commercial bank 商業(yè)銀行，儲(chǔ)蓄信貸銀行
member bank， credit bank 儲(chǔ)蓄信貸銀行
discount bank 貼現(xiàn)銀行
exchange bank 匯兌銀行
requesting bank 委托開(kāi)證銀行
issuing bank， opening bank 開(kāi)證銀行
advising bank， notifying bank 通知銀行
negotiation bank 議付銀行
confirming bank 保兌銀行
paying bank 付款銀行
associate banker of collection 代收銀行
consigned banker of collection 委托銀行
clearing bank 清算銀行
local bank 本地銀行
domestic bank 國(guó)內(nèi)銀行
overseas bank 國(guó)外銀行
unincorporated bank 錢(qián)莊
branch bank 銀行分行
trustee savings bank 信托儲(chǔ)蓄銀行
trust company 信托公司
financial trust 金融信托公司
unit trust 信托投資公司
trust institution 銀行的信托部
credit department 銀行的信用部
commercial credit company（discount company） 商業(yè)信貸公司（貼現(xiàn)公司）
neighborhood savings bank， bank of deposit 街道儲(chǔ)蓄所
credit union 合作銀行
credit bureau 商業(yè)興信所
self-service bank 無(wú)人銀行
land bank 土地銀行
construction bank 建設(shè)銀行
industrial and commercial bank 工商銀行
bank of communications 交通銀行
mutual savings bank 互助儲(chǔ)蓄銀行
post office savings bank 郵局儲(chǔ)蓄銀行
mortgage bank， building society 抵押銀行
industrial bank 實(shí)業(yè)銀行
home loan bank 家宅貸款銀行
reserve bank 準(zhǔn)備銀行
chartered bank 特許銀行
corresponding bank 往來(lái)銀行
merchant bank， accepting bank 承兌銀行
investment bank 投資銀行
import and export bank （EXIMBANK） 進(jìn)出口銀行
joint venture bank 合資銀行
money shop， native bank 錢(qián)莊
credit cooperatives 信用社
clearing house 票據(jù)交換所
public accounting 公共會(huì)計(jì)
business accounting 商業(yè)會(huì)計(jì)
cost accounting 成本會(huì)計(jì)
depreciation accounting 折舊會(huì)計(jì)
computerized accounting 電腦化會(huì)計(jì)
general ledger 總帳
subsidiary ledger 分戶(hù)帳
cash book 現(xiàn)金出納帳
cash account 現(xiàn)金帳
journal， day-book 日記帳，流水帳
bad debts 壞帳
investment 投資
surplus 結(jié)余
idle capital 游資
economic cycle 經(jīng)濟(jì)周期
economic boom 經(jīng)濟(jì)繁榮
economic recession 經(jīng)濟(jì)衰退
economic depression 經(jīng)濟(jì)蕭條
economic crisis 經(jīng)濟(jì)危機(jī)
economic recovery 經(jīng)濟(jì)復(fù)蘇
inflation 通貨膨脹
deflation 通貨收縮
devaluation 貨幣貶值
revaluation 貨幣增值
international balance of payment 國(guó)際收支
favorable balance 順差
adverse balance 逆差
hard currency 硬通貨
soft currency 軟通貨
international monetary system 國(guó)際貨幣制度
the purchasing power of money 貨幣購(gòu)買(mǎi)力
money in circulation 貨幣流通量
note issue 紙幣發(fā)行量
national budget 國(guó)家預(yù)算
national gross product 國(guó)民生產(chǎn)總值
public bond 公債
stock， share 股票
debenture 債券
treasury bill 國(guó)庫(kù)券
debt chain 債務(wù)鏈
direct exchange 直接（對(duì)角）套匯
indirect exchange 間接（三角）套匯
cross rate， arbitrage rate 套匯匯率
foreign currency （exchange） reserve 外匯儲(chǔ)備
foreign exchange fluctuation 外匯波動(dòng)
foreign exchange crisis 外匯危機(jī)
discount 貼現(xiàn)
discount rate， bank rate 貼現(xiàn)率
gold reserve 黃金儲(chǔ)備
money （financial） market 金融市場(chǎng)
stock exchange 股票交易所
broker 經(jīng)紀(jì)人
commission 傭金
bookkeeping 簿記
bookkeeper 簿記員
an application form 申請(qǐng)單
bank statement 對(duì)帳單
letter of credit 信用證
strong room， vault 保險(xiǎn)庫(kù)
equitable tax system 等價(jià)稅則
specimen signature 簽字式樣
banking hours， business hours 營(yíng)業(yè)時(shí)間
share， equity， stock 股票、股權(quán)
negotiable share 可流通股份
treasury /government bond 國(guó)庫(kù)券/政府債券
closed-end securities investment fund 封閉式證券投資基金
open-end securities investment fund 開(kāi)放式證券投資基金
market capitalization 市值
mark-to-market 逐日盯市
clearing and settlement 清算/結(jié)算
put / call option 看跌/看漲期權(quán)
rights issue/offering 配股
ADR（American Depository Receipt）美國(guó)存托憑證/存股證
GDR（Global Depository Receipt） 全球存托憑證/存股證
institutional investor 機(jī)構(gòu)投資者
proprietary trading 自營(yíng)
market manipulation 市場(chǎng)操縱
IPO（Initial Public Offering）新股初始公開(kāi)發(fā)行
securities 證券
premium 溢價(jià)
share capital 股本
composite index 綜合指數(shù)
capital market 資本市場(chǎng)
liquidity 流通性
highly-leveraged institutions（HLI） 高杠桿交易機(jī)構(gòu)
subscribe 申購(gòu)
underwriter承銷(xiāo)商
road show 路演
primary market 一級(jí)市場(chǎng)
information disclosure 信息披露
blue chips 藍(lán)籌股
gilt-edged bond 金邊債券
rating agency 評(píng)級(jí)機(jī)構(gòu)
credit trading 信用交易
open/close a position 建/平倉(cāng)
bond， debenture， debts 債券
convertible bond 可轉(zhuǎn)換債券
corporate bond 企業(yè)債券
fund manager 基金經(jīng)理/管理公司
fund custodian bank 基金托管銀行
p/e （price/earning） ratio 市盈率
payment versus delivery 銀券交付
commodity/financial derivatives 商品/金融衍生產(chǎn)品
margins， collateral 保證金
bonus share 紅股
dividend 紅利/股息
retail / private investor 個(gè)人投資者/散戶(hù)
broker/dealer 券商
insider trading/dealing 內(nèi)幕交易
prospectus招股說(shuō)明書(shū)
merger and acquisition收購(gòu)兼并
warrant 認(rèn)股權(quán)證
raised capital/proceeds 籌資
component index 成份指數(shù)
turnover rate 換手率
monetary market 貨幣市場(chǎng)
hedge fund 對(duì)沖基金
self-regulatory organization（SRO）自律組織
issuer 發(fā)行人
intermediary 中介機(jī)構(gòu)
secondary listing 第二上市
secondary market 二級(jí)市場(chǎng)
controlling shareholder 控股股東
red chips紅籌股
junk bond 立即債券
securities loan 融券
financing 融資