GMAT對(duì)語(yǔ)法改錯(cuò)的考查早已超過(guò)語(yǔ)言知識(shí)本身，具有很強(qiáng)的綜合性和很大的迷惑性。而其又具有自身固定的原則，由于考查范圍廣、出錯(cuò)點(diǎn)多、原則多樣化。如何把死原則來(lái)靈活處理運(yùn)用是我們提高的關(guān)鍵，下面通過(guò)幾個(gè)例子深入體會(huì)一下。
1. Dr. Hakuta's research among Hispanic children in theUnited Statesindicates that the more the children use both Spanish and English，their intellectual advantage is greater in skills underlying reading ability and nonverbal logic.
(A)their intellectual advantage is greater in skills underlying reading ability and nonverbal logic
(B)their intellectual advantage is the greater in skills underlaying reading ability and nonverbal logic
(C)the greater their intellectual advantage in skills underlying reading ability and nonverbal logic
(D)in skills that underlay reading ability and nonverbal logic, their intellectual advantage is the greater
(E) in skills underlying reading ability and nonverbal logic, the greater intellectual advantage is theirs
菜鳥語(yǔ)法手冊(cè)上給出了比較長(zhǎng)的解釋，如下：The best choice is C. The phrasethe more the childrenshould be completed by a parallel phrase that begins with a comparative adjective and a noun phrase, as inthe greater their... advantage.Only C correctly completes the structure with a parallel phrase. Choices A. B, D, and E present structures that are unwieldy and awkward in addition to being nonparallel, and that state the relationship between language use and skills development less clearly than C does. Also,underlayingin B andunderlayin D are incorrect; the meaning of this sentence requires the present participle of "underlie,"underlying,as a modifier ofskills.
其實(shí)本題不需要分析那么多，只要知道the more…the…的結(jié)構(gòu)形式就能直接確定，因?yàn)檫@是一個(gè)主要因素。
2.Unlike the acid smoke of cigarettes, pipe tobacco, cured by age-old methods, yields an alkaline smoketoo irritating to be drawn into the lungs.
(A) Unlike the acid smoke of cigarettes, pipe tobacco, cured by age-old methods, yields an alkaline smoke
(B) Unlike the acid smoke of cigarettes, pipe tobacco is cured by age-old methods, yielding an alkaline smoke
(C)Unlike cigarette tobacco, which yields an acid smoke, pipe tobacco, cured by age-old methods, yields an alkaline smoke
(D) Differing from cigarettes’ acid smoke, pipe tobacco’s alkaline smoke, cured by age-old methods, is
(E) The alkaline smoke of pipe tobacco differs from cigarettes’ acid smoke in that it is cured by age-old methods and is
解答本題時(shí)首先排除的是D答案，因?yàn)閐iffer from不能用在句首。本題的正確答案為C，但是很多考生的目光都是在C上暫作停留就轉(zhuǎn)向其他選項(xiàng)了。原因是C中連用了兩個(gè)yield，這樣的句子毫無(wú)美感可言，缺乏變化?？墒乔f(wàn)別忘記考慮到句子重心問題，其他幾個(gè)答案都是把句子重心搞錯(cuò)了，smoke和cigarette對(duì)應(yīng)有誤，這可是大禁忌，比起這個(gè)錯(cuò)誤來(lái)，用詞重復(fù)還算得了什么呢？
3. Acid rain and snow result from the chemical reactions between industrial emissions of sulfur dioxide and nitrogen oxideswith atmospheric water vapor to produce highly corrosive sulfuric and nitric acids.
（A）with atmospheric water vapor to produce highly corrosive sulfuric and nitric acids
（B）with atmospheric water vapor producing highly corrosive sulfuric and nitric acids
（C）and atmospheric water vapor which has produced highly corrosive sulfuric and nitric acids
（D）and atmospheric water vapor which have produced sulfuric and nitric acids which are highly corrosive
（E）and atmospheric water vapor to produce highly corrosive sulfuric and nitric acids
這道題目的考查對(duì)象為between…and…這一常見的固定搭配，用來(lái)連接兩個(gè)名詞或名詞短語(yǔ)，本題對(duì)考生的干擾主要在于sulfur dioxide和nitrogen oxides中間已經(jīng)出現(xiàn)了一個(gè)and，有些考生就想到GMAT語(yǔ)法要求句子簡(jiǎn)明，那么連用and肯定不合適，首先將C，D和E排除掉了。但是如果用with，整句話邏輯關(guān)系不通，這個(gè)錯(cuò)誤當(dāng)然要比用詞重復(fù)嚴(yán)重得多，相比之下還是選擇使語(yǔ)意合乎邏輯的選項(xiàng)，正確答案為E。我們不選C和D的理由并不是由于句子不簡(jiǎn)潔，而是其邏輯關(guān)系有誤。
下面這道題目請(qǐng)考生自己按照上面所提到的思路去分析，不難得出正確答案為D。
4. Lacking information about energy use, people tend to overestimate the amount of energy used byequipment, such as lights, that are visible and must be turned on and off and underestimate thatused by unobtrusive equipment, such as water heaters.
(A)equipment, such as lights, that are visible and must be turned on and off and underestimate that
(B)equipment, such as lights, that are visible and must be turned on and off and underestimate it when
(C)equipment, such as lights, that is visible and must be turned on and off and underestimate it when
(D)visible equipment, such as lights, that must be turned on and off and underestimate that
(E) visible equipment, such as lights, that must be turned on and off and underestimate it when
雖然語(yǔ)法改錯(cuò)部分看起來(lái)容易把握，但在實(shí)際解題過(guò)程中，考生經(jīng)常顧此失彼，在幾個(gè)選項(xiàng)間徘徊猶豫半天依然難以確定最終答案。GMAT語(yǔ)法改錯(cuò)的難度一方面來(lái)自題干，另一方面來(lái)自選項(xiàng)，因?yàn)槲覀円揽窟x項(xiàng)之間的差別來(lái)獲得信息、尋求提示，其實(shí)這就反映了GMAT語(yǔ)法改錯(cuò)答案的特點(diǎn)，也就是需要我們善于運(yùn)用排除法，挑選出相對(duì)準(zhǔn)確而有效的那一個(gè)。
1. Dr. Hakuta's research among Hispanic children in theUnited Statesindicates that the more the children use both Spanish and English，their intellectual advantage is greater in skills underlying reading ability and nonverbal logic.
(A)their intellectual advantage is greater in skills underlying reading ability and nonverbal logic
(B)their intellectual advantage is the greater in skills underlaying reading ability and nonverbal logic
(C)the greater their intellectual advantage in skills underlying reading ability and nonverbal logic
(D)in skills that underlay reading ability and nonverbal logic, their intellectual advantage is the greater
(E) in skills underlying reading ability and nonverbal logic, the greater intellectual advantage is theirs
菜鳥語(yǔ)法手冊(cè)上給出了比較長(zhǎng)的解釋，如下：The best choice is C. The phrasethe more the childrenshould be completed by a parallel phrase that begins with a comparative adjective and a noun phrase, as inthe greater their... advantage.Only C correctly completes the structure with a parallel phrase. Choices A. B, D, and E present structures that are unwieldy and awkward in addition to being nonparallel, and that state the relationship between language use and skills development less clearly than C does. Also,underlayingin B andunderlayin D are incorrect; the meaning of this sentence requires the present participle of "underlie,"underlying,as a modifier ofskills.
其實(shí)本題不需要分析那么多，只要知道the more…the…的結(jié)構(gòu)形式就能直接確定，因?yàn)檫@是一個(gè)主要因素。
2.Unlike the acid smoke of cigarettes, pipe tobacco, cured by age-old methods, yields an alkaline smoketoo irritating to be drawn into the lungs.
(A) Unlike the acid smoke of cigarettes, pipe tobacco, cured by age-old methods, yields an alkaline smoke
(B) Unlike the acid smoke of cigarettes, pipe tobacco is cured by age-old methods, yielding an alkaline smoke
(C)Unlike cigarette tobacco, which yields an acid smoke, pipe tobacco, cured by age-old methods, yields an alkaline smoke
(D) Differing from cigarettes’ acid smoke, pipe tobacco’s alkaline smoke, cured by age-old methods, is
(E) The alkaline smoke of pipe tobacco differs from cigarettes’ acid smoke in that it is cured by age-old methods and is
解答本題時(shí)首先排除的是D答案，因?yàn)閐iffer from不能用在句首。本題的正確答案為C，但是很多考生的目光都是在C上暫作停留就轉(zhuǎn)向其他選項(xiàng)了。原因是C中連用了兩個(gè)yield，這樣的句子毫無(wú)美感可言，缺乏變化?？墒乔f(wàn)別忘記考慮到句子重心問題，其他幾個(gè)答案都是把句子重心搞錯(cuò)了，smoke和cigarette對(duì)應(yīng)有誤，這可是大禁忌，比起這個(gè)錯(cuò)誤來(lái)，用詞重復(fù)還算得了什么呢？
3. Acid rain and snow result from the chemical reactions between industrial emissions of sulfur dioxide and nitrogen oxideswith atmospheric water vapor to produce highly corrosive sulfuric and nitric acids.
（A）with atmospheric water vapor to produce highly corrosive sulfuric and nitric acids
（B）with atmospheric water vapor producing highly corrosive sulfuric and nitric acids
（C）and atmospheric water vapor which has produced highly corrosive sulfuric and nitric acids
（D）and atmospheric water vapor which have produced sulfuric and nitric acids which are highly corrosive
（E）and atmospheric water vapor to produce highly corrosive sulfuric and nitric acids
這道題目的考查對(duì)象為between…and…這一常見的固定搭配，用來(lái)連接兩個(gè)名詞或名詞短語(yǔ)，本題對(duì)考生的干擾主要在于sulfur dioxide和nitrogen oxides中間已經(jīng)出現(xiàn)了一個(gè)and，有些考生就想到GMAT語(yǔ)法要求句子簡(jiǎn)明，那么連用and肯定不合適，首先將C，D和E排除掉了。但是如果用with，整句話邏輯關(guān)系不通，這個(gè)錯(cuò)誤當(dāng)然要比用詞重復(fù)嚴(yán)重得多，相比之下還是選擇使語(yǔ)意合乎邏輯的選項(xiàng)，正確答案為E。我們不選C和D的理由并不是由于句子不簡(jiǎn)潔，而是其邏輯關(guān)系有誤。
下面這道題目請(qǐng)考生自己按照上面所提到的思路去分析，不難得出正確答案為D。
4. Lacking information about energy use, people tend to overestimate the amount of energy used byequipment, such as lights, that are visible and must be turned on and off and underestimate thatused by unobtrusive equipment, such as water heaters.
(A)equipment, such as lights, that are visible and must be turned on and off and underestimate that
(B)equipment, such as lights, that are visible and must be turned on and off and underestimate it when
(C)equipment, such as lights, that is visible and must be turned on and off and underestimate it when
(D)visible equipment, such as lights, that must be turned on and off and underestimate that
(E) visible equipment, such as lights, that must be turned on and off and underestimate it when
雖然語(yǔ)法改錯(cuò)部分看起來(lái)容易把握，但在實(shí)際解題過(guò)程中，考生經(jīng)常顧此失彼，在幾個(gè)選項(xiàng)間徘徊猶豫半天依然難以確定最終答案。GMAT語(yǔ)法改錯(cuò)的難度一方面來(lái)自題干，另一方面來(lái)自選項(xiàng)，因?yàn)槲覀円揽窟x項(xiàng)之間的差別來(lái)獲得信息、尋求提示，其實(shí)這就反映了GMAT語(yǔ)法改錯(cuò)答案的特點(diǎn)，也就是需要我們善于運(yùn)用排除法，挑選出相對(duì)準(zhǔn)確而有效的那一個(gè)。