在日常生活中,我們經(jīng)常給別人提建議,同樣也經(jīng)常接受他人的建議。提建議是一門藝術(shù)。那么,怎樣才能給別人委婉地提出建議呢?在英語中,提建議的方法很多,表達方式也各有不同。
一、提建議的幾種常見表達法
1. What about / How about +n. ( one's doing …)?
“你認為……怎么樣?”。例如:
What about / How about a visit to Beijing this summer holiday?
今年暑假去北京旅游,你認為怎么樣?
2. Why not + n. ( do …) ? = Why don't you / we do … ?
“你為何不……?”。例如:
You are hungry. Why not a cake?
你餓了。為什么不吃塊蛋糕呢?
Since you want a new bicycle for your birthday, why not tell your parents about it?
既然你想要買一輛新的自行車來慶祝你的生日,為什么不告訴你的父母呢?
3. Will you do … , please? = Will you please do … ? “請你……,好嗎?”。這種句式也可以用否定問句形式來表達: Won't you do … ? 表示一種試探性的建議。例如:
It's cold. Will you close the window, please?
天很冷,請你把窗子關(guān)起來,好嗎?
Will you please come to have dinner with me this evening, Mary?
瑪莉,今晚跟我一起吃飯,好嗎?
- Won't you have more tea?
再喝點茶,好嗎?
- Yes, please ( thanks ) . 好,謝謝。
4. Would you do … ? “你愿意……?”,還可以表達為: Would you please do … ? = Would you like … / to do … ? = Would you be good enough to do … ? 等。例如:
- Would you lend me your pen a minute?
你愿意把你的鋼筆借給我用一會嗎?
- Certain I will. 當(dāng)然可以。
- Would you be good enough to carry the box for me?
請您幫我拿一下這箱子,好嗎?
- With pleasure. 很樂意。
5. Shall / we do … / “我們干……,好嗎?”表示“意圖”,是征詢聽話人的意見或意圖,而不是表達說話人的意圖。例如:
Shall I get some chalks for you, Mr. Smith = Do you want me to get some chalks for you, Mr. Smith?
史密斯先生,我給你拿點粉筆來,好嗎?
Shall we begin the meeting now? = Do you agree to our beginning the meeting now?
我們現(xiàn)在開始開會,好嗎?
6. Let's do … ,shall we? “讓我們干……,好嗎?”在表示“建議”的交際用語 Let's …后,常常跟一個簡短的問句…, shall we? 以使口氣變得更加客氣一些。例如:
- Let's meet at the entrance to the cinema, shall we?
我們在電*入口處見,好嗎?
- OK. 行。
- Let's go out and have some coffee, shall we?
讓我們出去喝點咖啡,好嗎?
- OK. Let's go. 行
7. 主語+ advise sb. ( not ) +to do … / 主語+ suggest ( one's ) doing …=主語+ advise / suggest that sb. ( should ) do …“建議某人干……”。例如:
I advised her not to believe him.
我建議她不要相信他的話。
They suggested / advised that I ( should ) come another day.
他們建議我另找個時間來。
8. You'd better ( not )+ do …“干(不干)……”。例如:
You'd better give up smoking. It's bad for your health.
你戒煙,抽煙對你的健康有害。
9. 主語+ should ( ought to ) +do …表示語氣委婉、謙遜。意為“應(yīng)該、總該……”。例如:
You should do what your parents tell you to.
你應(yīng)該按你父母的要求去做。
He is in trouble now, and we ought to give him a hand.
他現(xiàn)在處于困境中,我們應(yīng)該助他一臂之力。
10. 主語+ could do …。 could 用于現(xiàn)在,表示虛擬語氣,或作為 can 的委婉形式。意為“需要、可以、能夠”。例如:
That man could do with a haircut.
那人需要理發(fā)了。(表示現(xiàn)在)
If I could go, I should be glad.
假如我能去,那我就會很高興的。(表示虛擬語氣)
If you want to read it, you could get the book from the library.
如果你想讀這本書,你可以從圖書館里借到它。(表示委婉)
11. If I were you, I would do …。用虛擬語氣形式來表示語氣委婉的建議。例如:
If I were you, I would study harder.
如果我是你的話,我將會更加努力地學(xué)習(xí)。
If I were in your position, I would do the work better.
如果我在你這個位置,我將會把工作做得更好。
一、提建議的幾種常見表達法
1. What about / How about +n. ( one's doing …)?
“你認為……怎么樣?”。例如:
What about / How about a visit to Beijing this summer holiday?
今年暑假去北京旅游,你認為怎么樣?
2. Why not + n. ( do …) ? = Why don't you / we do … ?
“你為何不……?”。例如:
You are hungry. Why not a cake?
你餓了。為什么不吃塊蛋糕呢?
Since you want a new bicycle for your birthday, why not tell your parents about it?
既然你想要買一輛新的自行車來慶祝你的生日,為什么不告訴你的父母呢?
3. Will you do … , please? = Will you please do … ? “請你……,好嗎?”。這種句式也可以用否定問句形式來表達: Won't you do … ? 表示一種試探性的建議。例如:
It's cold. Will you close the window, please?
天很冷,請你把窗子關(guān)起來,好嗎?
Will you please come to have dinner with me this evening, Mary?
瑪莉,今晚跟我一起吃飯,好嗎?
- Won't you have more tea?
再喝點茶,好嗎?
- Yes, please ( thanks ) . 好,謝謝。
4. Would you do … ? “你愿意……?”,還可以表達為: Would you please do … ? = Would you like … / to do … ? = Would you be good enough to do … ? 等。例如:
- Would you lend me your pen a minute?
你愿意把你的鋼筆借給我用一會嗎?
- Certain I will. 當(dāng)然可以。
- Would you be good enough to carry the box for me?
請您幫我拿一下這箱子,好嗎?
- With pleasure. 很樂意。
5. Shall / we do … / “我們干……,好嗎?”表示“意圖”,是征詢聽話人的意見或意圖,而不是表達說話人的意圖。例如:
Shall I get some chalks for you, Mr. Smith = Do you want me to get some chalks for you, Mr. Smith?
史密斯先生,我給你拿點粉筆來,好嗎?
Shall we begin the meeting now? = Do you agree to our beginning the meeting now?
我們現(xiàn)在開始開會,好嗎?
6. Let's do … ,shall we? “讓我們干……,好嗎?”在表示“建議”的交際用語 Let's …后,常常跟一個簡短的問句…, shall we? 以使口氣變得更加客氣一些。例如:
- Let's meet at the entrance to the cinema, shall we?
我們在電*入口處見,好嗎?
- OK. 行。
- Let's go out and have some coffee, shall we?
讓我們出去喝點咖啡,好嗎?
- OK. Let's go. 行
7. 主語+ advise sb. ( not ) +to do … / 主語+ suggest ( one's ) doing …=主語+ advise / suggest that sb. ( should ) do …“建議某人干……”。例如:
I advised her not to believe him.
我建議她不要相信他的話。
They suggested / advised that I ( should ) come another day.
他們建議我另找個時間來。
8. You'd better ( not )+ do …“干(不干)……”。例如:
You'd better give up smoking. It's bad for your health.
你戒煙,抽煙對你的健康有害。
9. 主語+ should ( ought to ) +do …表示語氣委婉、謙遜。意為“應(yīng)該、總該……”。例如:
You should do what your parents tell you to.
你應(yīng)該按你父母的要求去做。
He is in trouble now, and we ought to give him a hand.
他現(xiàn)在處于困境中,我們應(yīng)該助他一臂之力。
10. 主語+ could do …。 could 用于現(xiàn)在,表示虛擬語氣,或作為 can 的委婉形式。意為“需要、可以、能夠”。例如:
That man could do with a haircut.
那人需要理發(fā)了。(表示現(xiàn)在)
If I could go, I should be glad.
假如我能去,那我就會很高興的。(表示虛擬語氣)
If you want to read it, you could get the book from the library.
如果你想讀這本書,你可以從圖書館里借到它。(表示委婉)
11. If I were you, I would do …。用虛擬語氣形式來表示語氣委婉的建議。例如:
If I were you, I would study harder.
如果我是你的話,我將會更加努力地學(xué)習(xí)。
If I were in your position, I would do the work better.
如果我在你這個位置,我將會把工作做得更好。

