定語從句方式處理
定語從句當(dāng)然是屬于“從屬”的行列,所以,是處理為從屬方式的手段之一,而且用途極大。請(qǐng)看下面的例子:
This is the only book.
I read the book during the holiday.
兩句的重合點(diǎn)在the book上面;將第二句中的the book抽出來,放到第一句book后面,其它內(nèi)容向后甩。這樣,我們就會(huì)看到the only book后面馬上又在重復(fù)the book。為了避免重復(fù),我們?nèi)サ魌he book,而換用另外一個(gè)詞去替換,這個(gè)詞就是定語從句中指物的which或that。因?yàn)檫@里的book有only在修飾,所以,最終我們選用that;又因?yàn)閠hat在定語從句中作賓語,所以,可以省略。這樣,兩句就合并為:
This is the only book (that) I read during the holiday.
下面兩句的合并遵循同樣的原則:
She is the girl.
The girl’s father is my boss.
èShe is the girl the girl’s father is my bossè She is the girl who (’s) father is my boss.
èShe is the girl whose father is my boss.
我們預(yù)熱幾個(gè)組成復(fù)雜句的句型:
…, but… 結(jié)構(gòu)(前后兩個(gè)句子體現(xiàn)的是“轉(zhuǎn)折”關(guān)系)
…, for…結(jié)構(gòu)(前后兩個(gè)句子體現(xiàn)的是“果因”關(guān)系)
…, so…結(jié)構(gòu)(前后兩個(gè)句子體現(xiàn)的是“因果”關(guān)系)
…(,/;/.)however,…結(jié)構(gòu)(前后兩個(gè)句子體現(xiàn)的是更強(qiáng)烈的轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系)
…(,/;/.) therefore,…結(jié)構(gòu)(前后兩個(gè)句子體現(xiàn)了更強(qiáng)烈的因果關(guān)系)
…(,/;/.)meanwhile,…結(jié)構(gòu)(前后兩個(gè)句子體現(xiàn)了時(shí)間上的同步關(guān)系)
備注:一般情況下,however,therefore,meanwhile,還有其它類似功能級(jí)別的詞在標(biāo)點(diǎn)符號(hào)方面有這樣的要求:(1)前面是句號(hào),這些詞第一個(gè)字母需要大寫,然后跟逗號(hào);(2)前面是分號(hào);(3)前面句子用句號(hào)結(jié)束,然后將這些詞嵌入后面句子的1和2之間,前后皆為逗號(hào)。
示例1:She is rich and beautiful. However, I don’t like her.
示例2:She is rich and beautiful; however, I don’t like her.
示例3:She is rich and beautiful. I, however, don’t like her.
這些基本知識(shí)構(gòu)成了:1)句子結(jié)構(gòu)的順暢搭建;2)或由簡(jiǎn)單句合并為復(fù)雜句;2)或由復(fù)雜句拆分為簡(jiǎn)單句,或進(jìn)行意思組合、或?qū)⒕涫綇?fù)雜化、或?qū)⒕涫胶?jiǎn)單化的基石,也是本書要貫徹始終的根本理念。
定語從句當(dāng)然是屬于“從屬”的行列,所以,是處理為從屬方式的手段之一,而且用途極大。請(qǐng)看下面的例子:
This is the only book.
I read the book during the holiday.
兩句的重合點(diǎn)在the book上面;將第二句中的the book抽出來,放到第一句book后面,其它內(nèi)容向后甩。這樣,我們就會(huì)看到the only book后面馬上又在重復(fù)the book。為了避免重復(fù),我們?nèi)サ魌he book,而換用另外一個(gè)詞去替換,這個(gè)詞就是定語從句中指物的which或that。因?yàn)檫@里的book有only在修飾,所以,最終我們選用that;又因?yàn)閠hat在定語從句中作賓語,所以,可以省略。這樣,兩句就合并為:
This is the only book (that) I read during the holiday.
下面兩句的合并遵循同樣的原則:
She is the girl.
The girl’s father is my boss.
èShe is the girl the girl’s father is my bossè She is the girl who (’s) father is my boss.
èShe is the girl whose father is my boss.
我們預(yù)熱幾個(gè)組成復(fù)雜句的句型:
…, but… 結(jié)構(gòu)(前后兩個(gè)句子體現(xiàn)的是“轉(zhuǎn)折”關(guān)系)
…, for…結(jié)構(gòu)(前后兩個(gè)句子體現(xiàn)的是“果因”關(guān)系)
…, so…結(jié)構(gòu)(前后兩個(gè)句子體現(xiàn)的是“因果”關(guān)系)
…(,/;/.)however,…結(jié)構(gòu)(前后兩個(gè)句子體現(xiàn)的是更強(qiáng)烈的轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系)
…(,/;/.) therefore,…結(jié)構(gòu)(前后兩個(gè)句子體現(xiàn)了更強(qiáng)烈的因果關(guān)系)
…(,/;/.)meanwhile,…結(jié)構(gòu)(前后兩個(gè)句子體現(xiàn)了時(shí)間上的同步關(guān)系)
備注:一般情況下,however,therefore,meanwhile,還有其它類似功能級(jí)別的詞在標(biāo)點(diǎn)符號(hào)方面有這樣的要求:(1)前面是句號(hào),這些詞第一個(gè)字母需要大寫,然后跟逗號(hào);(2)前面是分號(hào);(3)前面句子用句號(hào)結(jié)束,然后將這些詞嵌入后面句子的1和2之間,前后皆為逗號(hào)。
示例1:She is rich and beautiful. However, I don’t like her.
示例2:She is rich and beautiful; however, I don’t like her.
示例3:She is rich and beautiful. I, however, don’t like her.
這些基本知識(shí)構(gòu)成了:1)句子結(jié)構(gòu)的順暢搭建;2)或由簡(jiǎn)單句合并為復(fù)雜句;2)或由復(fù)雜句拆分為簡(jiǎn)單句,或進(jìn)行意思組合、或?qū)⒕涫綇?fù)雜化、或?qū)⒕涫胶?jiǎn)單化的基石,也是本書要貫徹始終的根本理念。