全國(guó)碩士研究生入學(xué)考試英語(yǔ)模擬試題 Test One
Section Ⅰ Use of English
Directions:
Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark ［A］, ［B］, ［C］ or ［D］ on Answer Sheet 1. (10 points)
Most worthwhile careers require some kind of specialized training. Ideally, therefore, the choice of an 1 should be made even before choice of a curriculum in high school.
Actually, 2 , most people make several job choices during their working lives, 3 because of economic and industrial changes and partly to improve their position. The "one perfect job" does not exist. Young people should 4 enter into a broad flexible training program that will fit them for a 5 of work rather than for a single job.
Unfortunately many young people have to make career plans 6 benefit of help from a competent vocational counselor or psychologist. Knowing 7 about the occupational world, or themselves for that matter, they choose their lifework on a hit-or-miss 8 . Some drift from job to job. Others 9 to work in which they are unhappy and for which they are not fitted.
One common mistake is choosing an occupation for its real or 10 prestige. Too many high school students or their parents for them choose the professional field, 11 both the relatively small proportion of workers in the professions and the extremely high educational and personal 12 . The prestige that people tend to 13 to a profession or a white-collar job is no good reason for choosing it as life's work.
14 , these occupations are not always well paid. Since a large 15 of jobs are in mechanical and manual work, the majority of young people should give serious 16 to these fields.
Before making an occupational choice, a person should have a general idea of what he wants 17 life and how hard he is willing to work to get it. Some people desire social prestige, others intellectual 18 . Some want security; others are willing to take 19 for financial gain. Each occupational choice has its demands as well as its 20 .
1. ［A］ identification ［B］ entertainment ［C］ accommodation ［D］ occupation
2. ［A］ however ［B］ therefore ［C］ though ［D］ thereby
3. ［A］ entirely ［B］ mainly ［C］ partly ［D］ his
4. ［A］ since ［B］ therefore ［C］ furthermore ［D］ forever
5. ［A］ place ［B］ chance ［C］field ［D］ opening
6. ［A］ to ［B］ for ［C］ without ［D］ with
7. ［A］ little ［B］ few ［C］ much ［D］ a lot
8. ［A］ chance ［B］ basis ［C］ purpose ［D］ opportunity
9. ［A］ apply ［B］ appeal ［C］ stick ［D］ turn
10. ［A］ imagined ［B］ substantial ［C］ acquired ［D］ demanded
11. ［A］ concerning ［B］ following ［C］ considering ［D］ disregarding
12. ［A］ preferences ［B］ requirements ［C］ tendencies ［D］ ambitions
13. ［A］ contribute ［B］ attach ［C］ attribute ［D］ allot
14. ［A］ Therefore ［B］ However ［C］ Nevertheless ［D］ Moreover
15. ［A］ proportion ［B］ part ［C］ quantity ［D］ batch
16. ［A］ proposal ［B］ suggestion ［C］ consideration ［D］ appraisal
17. ［A］ towards ［B］ against ［C］ out of ［D］ without
18. ［A］ knowledge ［B］ satisfaction ［C］ culture ［D］ sensitivity
19. ［A］ turns ［B］ parts ［C］ choices ［D］ risks
20. ［A］ awards ［B］ requirements ［C］ results ［D］ needs
Section Ⅱ Reading Comprehension
Part A
Directions:
Read the following four texts. Answer the questions below each text by choosing ［A］, ［B］, ［C］ or ［D］. Mark your answers on Answer Sheet 1. (40 points)
Text 1
It is said that people buy contemporary art when they are confident about the future and old art when they are not. Conventional wisdom has it that older art holds its value, while contemporary stuff is for risk-lovers. William Goetzmann, a professor at Yale, estimates that during the last art-market depression, which set in after 1990, impressionist and contemporary works fell by most (51% and 40% respectively), while Old Masters suffered least (down by 16%). Yet despite the ups and downs, contemporary works have been rewarding for those who are prepared to hang on: according to Jianping Mei and Michael Moses, professors at New York University (NYU) since 1970 the returns on contemporary art have far exceeded those on Old Masters and 19th-century paintings.
Since the late 1980s, more sophisticated analysis of the art market and a growing interest in alternative investments have spurred the creation of several new investment funds focused on art. At a recent conference organised by one of these, the Fine Art Fund, Rachel Campbell of Maastricht University pointed out the low correlation between returns on art and on those other investments. Given that it usually pays to diversify, that is a good argument for investing in art, whatever your taste. The Fine Art Fund, which began buying this April (and has 36% of its money in cash), advises that investors spread their art allocation fairly evenly between Impressionists, Old Masters, modern art and contemporary works.
Contemporary art, in particular, has served rich investors well in the past few years. Prices stayed stable when stock markets fell. Nevertheless, one recent academic study has found a correlation with another asset class: during the last world art boom, in the late 1980s, prices were closely tied to property values, specifically Japanese land prices. After 1990, art and property fell together. Now property prices in several countries are once again at frightening heights.
Investing in art will always be a risky business. Works of art by definition belong to different categories; holding periods vary; the market is illiquid; art yields no income, producing only capital gain or loss; transaction costs are high. As for contemporary art in particular, it is a sobering thought that, according to Mr. Moses, each year an average of only two artists emerge whose work increases in value over time. All this speaks against a big commitment to speculating in art; better, maybe, simply to buy what you like, if you can: treat your money, in other words, not as invested but as consumed.
21. By saying that the market is illiquid (Line 2, Para. 4), the author suggests that .
［A］ art works seldom lose their value in the market
［B］ investment in art does not have guaranteed return of profits
［C］ the difficulty to trade art works is obvious and evident
［D］ the art market tends to be responsive to the economic situation
22. The Fine Art Fund advise that investors need to spread their art allocation because .
［A］ Old Masters always promise a high return of profits
［B］ different art works are valued differently in the market
［C］ buying art works is always a good way of investment
［D］ people should be aware of the risks of investment in art
23. The returns on contemporary art indicate .
［A］ people have come to see the value of contemporary art
［B］ the economic prospects are positively assessed
［C］ there is a growing interest in alternative art investments
［D］ investors have learned to spread their art allocation
24. We can learn from the text that .
［A］ the two NYU professors advise people against buying Old Masters
［B］ cautious investors are advised to stay away from the art market
［C］ the real estate market is a good indicator of the art market
［D］ art investors should not speculate in the art market
25. What is the possible attitude of Mr. Moses toward investing in contemporary art?
［A］ Investors in contemporary art should be more patient.
［B］ A supplicated analysis of the art market is always a must.
［C］ Contemporary art seems to promise greater returns of profits.
［D］ It is dangerous to speculate in the contemporary art market.
Text 2
They have been writers and actors, entertainers and creators. They have won Academy Awards and received critical acclaim. They have graced the covers of magazines.
In the arts and entertainment world, women have made a myriad of contributions to what we know as popular culture. Although many female celebrities may be known more for their figures than their talents, women remain more than just pretty faces. Women's History Month promises to take a look back at the influential female lives and legacies that have shaped our society.
In this century alone, a number of famous females have made their artistic marks. In the literary world, women such as Sylvia Plath and Colette composed celebrated works, establishing themselves as creative writers to be reckoned with. Colette, a prolific French novelist, tackled weighty themes such as the woman's struggle for independence. Her catalog of works includes celebrated novels such as Cheri and The Pure and the Impure. Plath, renowned for her suicide as much as for her writing, wrote The Bell Jar as well as a wealth of poetry.
Within the realm of fashion, influential designers such as Coco Chanel changed the face of female dressing. The Chanel name has become synonymous with high style. Coco invented the little black dress, perfected a trademark scent-Chanel No. 5-and became famous for her tweed suits and quilted handbags.
Hollywood starlets such as Katharine Hepburn transformed the film world. She was known for her portrayal of strong, spirited females in her films, clearly embodying what it means to be an independent woman. As Hepburn once said, "I never realized until lately that women were supposed to be the inferior sex. "
The music industry has also seen its share of barrier-breaking female stars. Women such as Billie Holiday and Ella Fitzgerald endure as revered names within the jazz world. Similarly, Joan Baez took the folk music genre by storm. She was one of the most outspoken performers during the social turmoil of the 1960s, establishing herself not only as an acclaimed singer/songwriter but also as an activist for civil rights and nonviolence.
Undeniably, women have contributed to our culture in immeasurable ways. From the silver screen to the record-store shelves, the most talented stars exhibit a wealth of creativity, a fan瞱inning charisma and a unique dedication to their respective crafts-and many of them also happen to be female.
26. Who may be considered as a feminist writer according to the passage?
［A］ Sylvia Plath.［B］ Colettle.
［C］ Both Plath and Colette.［D］ Neither Plath nor Colette.
27. From the passage, we can learn that Chanel No. 5 is .
［A］ a typical style of little black dress
［B］ a perfume marketed by Chanel
［C］ a high class way of life advocated by Coco
［D］ the chanel tweed suits and quilted handbags.
28. By saying "women remain more than just pretty faces", the author means .
［A］ some women have nothing but pretty faces
［B］ beauty for many female celebrities is necessary
［C］ some women don't mange to be successful for beauty
［D］ each female celebrity has her own success story
29. Joan Baez is called an outspoken performer because she .
［A］ stunned the world by the message her music expressed
［B］ was expressive for her performance on the stage
［C］ had to suffer the social turmoil of the 1960s
［D］ openly voiced her opinions on the major social issues
30. Women's contributions to pop culture are NOT caused by .
［A］ their enthusiasm they have toward what they do
［B］ the physical appeal they have to the public
［C］ their understanding of the importance of pop culture
［D］ the display of their natural talents and gifts
Text 3
Old people are always saying that the young are not what they were. The same comment is made from generation to generation and it is always true. It has never been truer than it is today. The young are better educated; they have a lot more money to spend and enjoy more freedom. They grow up more quickly and are not so dependent on their parents. They think more for themselves and do not blindly accept the ideals of their elders. Events which the older generation remembers vividly are nothing more than past history. This is as it should be. Every new generation is different from the one that preceded it. Today the difference is very marked indeed. The old always assume that they know best for the simple reason that they have been around a bit longer. They don't like to feel that their values are being questioned or threatened. And this is precisely what the young are doing. They are questioning the assumptions of their elders and disturbing their sense of feeling contended. They doubt that the older generation has created the best of all possible worlds.
What they reject more than anything is conformity. Office hours, for instance, are nothing more than enforced slavery. Wouldn't people work best if they were given complete freedom and responsibility? And what about clothing? Who said that all the men in the world should wear dull gray suits and convict haircuts? If we turn our minds to more serious matters, who said that human differences can best be solved through conventional politics or by violent means? Why have the older generation so often used violence to solve their problems? Why are they so unhappy and guilt-ridden in their personal lives; so obsessed with mean ambitions and the desire to amass more and more material possessions? Can anything be right with the rat-race? Haven't the old lost touch with all that is important in life?
These are not questions the older generation can shrug off lightly. Their record over the past forty years or so hasn't been exactly spotless. Traditionally, the young have turned to the older for guidance. Today, the situation might be reversed. The old-if they are prepared to admit it-could learn a thing or two from their children. One of the biggest lessons they could learn is that enjoyment is not sinful. Enjoyment is a principle one could apply to all aspects of life. It is surely not wrong to enjoy your work and enjoy your leisure; to shed restricting inhibitions. It is surely not wrong to live in the present rather than in the past or future. The world is full of uncertainty and tension. This is their glorious heritage. Can we be surprised that they should so often question the sanity of the generation that passed it down?
31. Which of the following features in the young is NOT mentioned?
［A］ Better educated［B］ More money and freedom.
［C］ Greater independence. ［D］ Respect for work.
32. What do the young have an attitude for?
［A］ The differences between the old and young.
［B］ The assumption of the old generation.
［C］ The emphasis on violence as a solution to social problems.
［D］ The social conventions that they are expected to follow.
33. Why do the young stress on the present because .
［A］ the past is full of sanity that should be done with
［B］ the present is more secure than the past
［C］ the present world is substantial and sustaining
［D］ the present is made up of a glorious heritage
34. What can the old learn from the young generation?
［A］ Enjoyment is not despicable for what it is
［B］ People should have more time for leisure.
［C］ It is a blessing that people can learn to enjoy life
［D］ One should break free of the restrictions that life imposes
35. How do the young think about office hours?
［A］ They are more painful than enforced slavery
［B］ They are happier than enforced slavery
［C］ They are almost as painful as enforced slavery
［D］ They are the most painful enforced slavery
Text 4
Researchers are finding that boys and girls really are from two different planets. Experts say boys and girls have different "crisis points", stages in their emotional and social development where things can go very wrong. Until recently, girls got all the attention. But boys are much more likely than girls to have discipline problems at school and to be diagnosed with Attention Deficit Disorder (ADD). Boys far outnumber girls in special-education classes. They're also more likely to commit violent crimes and end up in jail.
Even normal boy behavior has come to be considered pathological（病態(tài)的）in the wake of the feminist movement. An abundance of physical energy and the urge to conquer－these are normal male characteristics, and in an earlier age they were good things, even essential to survival. "If Huck Finn or Tom Sawyer were alive today," says Michael Gurian, author of The Wonder of Boys, "we'd say they had ADD." He says one of the new insights we're gaining about boys is a very old one: boys will be boys. "They are who they are," says Gurian, "and we need to love them for who they are. Let's not try to rewire them."
But what exactly is the essential nature of boys? Even as infants, boys and girls behave differently. A recent study at Children's Hospital in Boston found that boy babies are more emotionally expressive; girls are more reflective. (That means boy babies tend to cry when they're unhappy; girl babies suck their thumbs.) This could indicate that girls are innately more able to control their emotions. Boys have higher levels of testosterone and lower levels of neurotransmitter serotonin(神經(jīng)傳遞素), which inhabits aggression(睪丸激素) and impulsivity. That may help explain why more males than females carry through with suicide or become alcoholics.
There's a struggle between a desire and need for warmth on the one hand and a pull toward independence on the other. Boys are going through what psychologists long ago declared an integral part of growing up: individualization and disconnection from parents, especially mothers. But now some researchers think that process is too abrupt. When boys repress normal feelings like love because of social pressure, says William Pollack, head of the Center for Men at Boston's McLean Hospital, "they've lost contact with the genuine nature of whom they are and what they feel. Boys are in a silent crisis. The only time we notice it is when they pull the trigger."
36. Which of the following is NOT true according to the first paragraph?
［A］ Boys and girls are different.
［B］ Boys need more attention than girls.
［C］ Girls almost need no help from society.
［D］ Boys are more difficult to educate than girls.
37. What can be inferred about Tom Sawyer and Huck Finn (Line 4, Para. 2)?
［A］ They were more like today's girls than boys.
［B］ They suffered Attention Deficit Disorder but were not diagnosed.
［C］ They were energetic and conquering.
［D］ They had more problems than today's boys.
38. The word "rewire" (Line 7, Para. 2) could best be replaced by .
［A］ restore to a former condition ［B］ recognize the worth of
［C］ change the nature of ［D］ address the problems of
39. Which aspect of the boy and the girl differences does Para. 3 discuss?
［A］ Physiological. ［B］ Psychological. ［C］ Cultural. ［D］ Intellectual.
40. It is implied in the passage that .
［A］ society approves of boys who have tender feelings
［B］ society expects boys to be independent
［C］ boys take more time to grow up than girls
［D］ boys and girls can never receive similar treatment
Part B
Directions:
In the following article, some sentences have been removed. For Questions 41-45, choose the most suitable one from the list A-G to fit into each of the numbered blank. There are two extra choices, which do not fit in any of the gaps. Mark your answers on Answer Sheet 1.
William Lanouette's biography of Leo Szilard, Genius in the Shadows, does more than reveal the life of a brilliant physicist and social activist; it sheds a perceptive light on the role of scientists in public policy. World War II is usually recognized as the coming of age of science in U.S. politics. Albert Einstein had become the world's first science celebrity and a person to whom presidents felt obliged to listen. (41) Bush laid the foundation for a postwar science policy that would put government in the dominant role in funding basic research.
What is instructive about Szilard's life, however, is not the political influence of scientists as a group. (42) He believed that scientists should have more influence in policymaking in general-not because of their knowledge but because of their ability to think rationally. This faith in reason was a weakness in Szilard's political thinking, however, because it prevented him from understanding the emotional forces that must also be taken into account.
(43) And although he often used the reputation of his friend Einstein to gain access to decision makers, he believed firmly that it was the power of his ideas that deserved attention. He felt the same way about science. Even as an unemployed and relatively unknown physicist, he expected the giants in the field to respect his ideas if they made sense.
(44) He didn't assume that he should be listened to just because he was a brilliant physicist, and he accepted that even the most enlightened thinking had to be promoted vigorously to be influential. Of course, it didn't hurt that he was way ahead of his time in recognizing the threat posed by Hitler, the importance of nuclear weapons, and the problems with nuclear weapons that would arise after the war.
(45) First, the most important policies are those that address issues bigger than science itself. Szilard studied and cared deeply about the larger issues of governance, not just the role of science. Second, he understood that his scientific training did not entitle him to influence and that the quality of his thinking did not mean that the world's leaders would come knocking at his door. He knew that to make a difference in the world it is necessary to think broadly; to win support through compelling analysis, not reputation; and to work tirelessly to promote one's ideas.
［A］ What Szilard did was to approach public policy with the same vigor, determination, and persistence with which good scientists approach science. What works in advancing science can also work in improving policy.
［B］ The key to Szilard's effectiveness and influence was his sense of responsibility for making the world a better place. Once he decided that something should be done, he devoted enormous energy, resourcefulness, and audacity to advancing his proposal.
［C］ But Szilard was not expecting to be influential in policy debates just because he was a scientist. An avid newspaper reader, he was extremely well informed about public affairs.
［D］ The Manhattan Project to develop the atomic bomb was an unprecedented federal investment in research, and questions about how to use the insights of nuclear physics for military and civilian purposes brought scientists into direct conversation with the nation's leaders.
［E］ Not everything that Szilard advocated was wise; reason sometimes overwhelmed common sense. Still, his life illustrates important lessons for scientists who want to influence public policy.
［F］ Indeed, it was the scientific hyper-rationality of someone like Szilard that Roald Hoffman had in mind when he questioned why scientists shouldn't run the world.
［G］ Szilard's efforts to convince the government to develop nuclear weapons and his subsequent campaigns to establish civilian and international control of the power of the atom are an inspiring example of how a determined individual can play a major role in public policy.
Section Ⅲ Writing
Part A
51.Directions:
Six months from now, you will be graduating from the university. For the time being, you are looking for a chance of internship at the Evening Post of the city.
1) State your wish to work as an intern with the newspaper;
2) Explain what kind of job that you're looking for;
3) And State your reasons why you can do the job well.
Write your letter with no less than 100 words. Write it neatly on Answer Sheet 2. Do not sign your own name at the end of the letter, use "Li Ming" instead. You do not need to write the address. (10 points)
Part B
52.Directions:
Write an essay of 160-200 words based on the following drawing. In your essay, you should first describe the drawing, interpret its meaning, and give your comment on it.
You should write neatly on Answer Sheet 2. (20 points)
Test One 答案速查
Section One DACBC CABCA DBCDA CCBDA
Section Two CBBCD BBCDC DDCAC CCCAB DGCBE
答案精析
Section Ⅰ Use of English
1. ［答案］ D名詞辨析。
此句的意思是"在高中選課前就應(yīng)選擇好職業(yè)。"A）identification 意為"識(shí)別，鑒定"；B）entertainment意為"款待, 娛樂(lè)"；C）accommodation 意為"住處, 膳宿"：D）occupation意為"職業(yè)"。故D正確。
2. ［答案］ A連詞辨析?？崭窈蟮木渥右馑际?實(shí)際上大多數(shù)人在職業(yè)生涯中要換幾次工作，……"該句和上一句之間顯然是轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系。故A正確。
3. ［答案］ C副詞辨析。這是由and 連接的并列句，既然and 后面跟著partly，那前面肯定也是 partly。故C正確。此句的意思是"……部分是因?yàn)榻?jīng)濟(jì)和產(chǎn)業(yè)的變化，部分是因?yàn)橄胩岣咚麄兊牡匚弧?
4. ［答案］ B連詞辨析。前一句意思是"理想的工作是不存在的。"后一句意思是"年輕人應(yīng)該參加廣泛的職業(yè)訓(xùn)練活動(dòng)……。"這兩句顯然是因果關(guān)系。故B正確。
5. ［答案］ C名詞辨別。從上下文來(lái)看，空格所填的單詞與work連用應(yīng)該涵蓋a single job，因此應(yīng)該選擇field。a field of work表示"工作的領(lǐng)域"。正確答案為C。
6. ［答案］ C介詞辨析。從空格后benefit of help from……（受益于……的幫助）和此句句首的副詞unfortunately（不幸的是）可知要選的詞要有否定意義。故C正確。
7. ［答案］ A副詞辨析。此句的意思是"對(duì)職業(yè)世界知道很少……"。故A正確。
8. ［答案］ B名詞辨析。此句的意思是"他們是毫無(wú)目的地尋找他們一生的工作"。on……basis, 或on the basis of……意思是"基于……"。故B正確。
9. ［答案］ C動(dòng)詞辨析。由前一句的some 和此句的others 可知兩句是對(duì)應(yīng)的關(guān)系，由此可知這兩句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞也應(yīng)是對(duì)應(yīng)的。動(dòng)詞drift"漂??；漂蕩" 對(duì)應(yīng)的詞應(yīng)該是stick "固守, 堅(jiān)持"。故C正確。A）apply意為"申請(qǐng), 應(yīng)用"；B)appeal意為"求助；吸引"D) turn意為"轉(zhuǎn)動(dòng)"。
10. ［答案］ A形容詞辨析。注意句中的or，這個(gè)連詞通常表示一種選擇，即兩者必選其一。既然or前面的單詞是real，那么or所接的單詞應(yīng)該表示與real相反的意思。因此，正確的答案是A）imagined想象的，不真實(shí)的。
11. ［答案］ D動(dòng)詞辨析。四個(gè)選項(xiàng)是現(xiàn)在分詞，實(shí)際上就是動(dòng)詞的辨析。A）concern意為"涉及, 關(guān)系到"；B）follow意為"跟隨, 接著"；C）consider意為"考慮, 認(rèn)為"；D）disregard意為"忽視，不顧"。故D正確。
12. ［答案］ B名詞辨析。A）preference意為"偏愛(ài), 優(yōu)先選擇"；B）requirement意為"要求, 必要條件"；C）tendency意為"趨向, 傾向"；D）ambition意為"雄心，野心"。根據(jù)句意，應(yīng)該選B。
13. ［答案］ C動(dòng)詞辨析。A）contribute意為"貢獻(xiàn)"；B）attach表示"隸屬"；C）attribute意為"歸結(jié)"；D）allot意為"分配"。正確的選項(xiàng)是C。
14. ［答案］ D副詞辨析?？崭窈蟮木渥拥囊馑际?這些工作的工資也不總是很高"，顯然這是繼前面進(jìn)一步說(shuō)明職業(yè)性工作不一定就是好的選擇。故D正確。Moreover意為"而且, 此外"。
15. ［答案］ A名詞辨析。A) proportion意為"部分"，作量詞時(shí)一般修飾可數(shù)名詞；B) part作量詞意為"部分"，但是后面一般跟不可數(shù)名詞；C) quantity意為"數(shù)量"，后面也通常接不可數(shù)名詞；D)batch意為"（一）批"，一般作貨物的量詞。故A正確。
16. ［答案］ C名詞辨析。該句的意思為："大多數(shù)年輕人應(yīng)該認(rèn)真考慮這些領(lǐng)域。" A) proposal意為"提議, 建議"；B) suggestion意為"建議"；C) consideration意為"體諒, 考慮"；D) appraisal意為"評(píng)價(jià), 估價(jià)，鑒定"。根據(jù)句意應(yīng)選C。
17. ［答案］ C介詞搭配。該句的意思是"一個(gè)人應(yīng)該對(duì)生活的期望有個(gè)大致的想法"。out of意思是"從……中"。what he wants out of life意為"想從生活中得到什么"。故C正確。
18. ［答案］ B名詞辨別。選項(xiàng)中的名詞都能與intellectual連用，但是只有satisfaction合適。
19. ［答案］ D名詞辨析。A） turn意為"轉(zhuǎn)動(dòng),輪流"； B）part意為"部分, 零件, 角色"；C）choice意為"選擇"；D）risk意為"冒險(xiǎn), 風(fēng)險(xiǎn)"。由前一句的some 和本句的others 可知兩句在意義上是對(duì)應(yīng)的，既然前面是security"安全"，后面當(dāng)然就是 risk。
20. ［答案］ A名詞辨析。該句的意思為："每一份工作既有索取也有回報(bào)。" A）awards意為"獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)，回報(bào)"；B）requirements意為"要求"；C）results表示"結(jié)果"；D）needs表示"需求"。故A正確。
Section Ⅱ Reading Comprehension
Part A
Text 1
文章概要：一般人們?nèi)鐚?duì)未來(lái)抱有信心就會(huì)購(gòu)買當(dāng)代藝術(shù)品，若沒(méi)有才會(huì)收藏古典藝術(shù)品。作者指出藝術(shù)品投資應(yīng)多樣化，并強(qiáng)調(diào)藝術(shù)品投資風(fēng)險(xiǎn)大，尤其是當(dāng)代藝術(shù)品。
21. ［答案］ C詞義理解題。這句的意思是"市場(chǎng)是非流動(dòng)的"，也就是說(shuō)市場(chǎng)上藝術(shù)品的交換很困難。因此C正確。
22. ［答案］ B細(xì)節(jié)理解題。 在文章的第二段里the Fine Art Fund指出，在藝術(shù)品投資上多樣化通常會(huì)很合算。也就是說(shuō)不同的藝術(shù)品有不同的價(jià)值。故B正確。
23. ［答案］ B細(xì)節(jié)理解題。文章第一段第一句話就說(shuō)："當(dāng)人們對(duì)未來(lái)有信心時(shí)，就會(huì)買當(dāng)代藝術(shù)品；沒(méi)信心時(shí)就會(huì)買古代藝術(shù)品。七十年代人們熱衷于收藏當(dāng)代藝術(shù)品肯定因?yàn)槿藗儗?duì)經(jīng)濟(jì)前景持樂(lè)觀態(tài)度。故B正確。
24. ［答案］ C判斷題。A不符合文章原意，因?yàn)榧~約大學(xué)的兩位教授只說(shuō)在七十年代人們對(duì)當(dāng)代藝術(shù)品的熱情高于對(duì)古代藝術(shù)品。B是說(shuō)建議謹(jǐn)慎投資者遠(yuǎn)離藝術(shù)品市場(chǎng)。也不符合文章原意，文章只是說(shuō)藝術(shù)品投資風(fēng)險(xiǎn)大，并沒(méi)有建議人們不要投資藝術(shù)品。C是說(shuō)房地產(chǎn)是藝術(shù)品市場(chǎng)的晴雨表。作者在第三段里指出，近的一項(xiàng)研究發(fā)現(xiàn)藝術(shù)品的價(jià)格與財(cái)產(chǎn)的價(jià)值緊緊連在一起，尤其是日本的土地價(jià)格。由此可判斷C為正確選項(xiàng)。D是說(shuō)藝術(shù)品投資者不應(yīng)該在藝術(shù)品市場(chǎng)上做投機(jī)買賣。這一點(diǎn)文章也沒(méi)有提及。
25. ［答案］ D細(xì)節(jié)理解題。題干問(wèn)Mr. Moses對(duì)投資當(dāng)代藝術(shù)品所持的態(tài)度。在文章后一段倒數(shù)第二句中，Mr. Moses說(shuō)每年平均只能出現(xiàn)兩位藝術(shù)家，其作品會(huì)隨著時(shí)間而增值。也就是說(shuō)投資當(dāng)代藝術(shù)品風(fēng)險(xiǎn)很大。故D正確。
Text 2
文章概要：文學(xué)、電影、時(shí)尚和音樂(lè)等方面涌現(xiàn)了一大批杰出的女性，她們以其創(chuàng)造力、魅力和奉獻(xiàn)精神為通俗文化做出了巨大的貢獻(xiàn)。
26. ［答案］ B細(xì)節(jié)理解題。文章第三段第三句說(shuō)Colette是一位多產(chǎn)的法國(guó)小說(shuō)家，寫(xiě)諸如女性為獨(dú)立而斗爭(zhēng)的重大主題，由此可判斷B正確。
27. ［答案］ B細(xì)節(jié)理解題。注意Channel No.5 和scent之間的破折號(hào)，可知Channel No.5就是scent。Scent不僅指"香味"，也可指香水。故B正確。
28. ［答案］ C語(yǔ)義理解題。這是轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系復(fù)合句里的一個(gè)從句，前一個(gè)分句意思為"雖然許多女性名人更多的是以身材而不是以才能"，由此可理解下一個(gè)分句"但許多女性的成功不僅僅是漂亮的臉蛋"。故B正確。
29. ［答案］ D細(xì)節(jié)理解題。答案的依據(jù)在第六段后一句："在二十世紀(jì)六十年代的社會(huì)混亂期，她是坦率直言的活動(dòng)分子之一，不僅使自己成了受歡迎的歌手和作曲者，而且還成為民權(quán)和非暴力的激進(jìn)主義分子。"由此可知D為正確選項(xiàng)。
30. ［答案］ C細(xì)節(jié)理解題。答案的依據(jù)在后一段里。作者在這里指出，許多女性以其創(chuàng)造力、魅力和奉獻(xiàn)精神為通俗文化做出了貢獻(xiàn)。故C正確。
Text 3
文章概要：年輕人不同于年長(zhǎng)者，他們得到更好的教育，享受更多的自由，他們獨(dú)立，討厭順從。年長(zhǎng)者可以從他們的子女身上學(xué)到兩樣?xùn)|西：一是享樂(lè)無(wú)罪,二是把快樂(lè)的原則應(yīng)用到生活的各個(gè)方面。
31. ［答案］ D細(xì)節(jié)理解題。題干中的"the young"出自原文第一段第四句話。文章第一段指出：年輕人得到更好的教育；他們有更多的錢花,享受更多的自由；他們的成長(zhǎng)更迅速,不那么依賴父母；他們更多地考慮自己,不盲目認(rèn)可長(zhǎng)輩的理想。顯然應(yīng)選項(xiàng)D，"尊重工作"沒(méi)有提到。
32. ［答案］ D細(xì)節(jié)理解題。問(wèn)題問(wèn)年輕人反感什么。作者在第二段第一句就說(shuō)，年輕人討厭的就是順從。接著還列舉了種種年輕人質(zhì)疑的社會(huì)習(xí)俗。因此D正確。
33. ［答案］ C細(xì)節(jié)理解題。作者在文章后一段里指出：年輕人認(rèn)為生活在現(xiàn)在而不是過(guò)去或?qū)?lái)肯定不是錯(cuò)誤的,因?yàn)檫@個(gè)世界充滿了緊張和不確定性。故C正確。
34. ［答案］ A細(xì)節(jié)理解題。作者在后一段中間部分指出,年長(zhǎng)者可以從他們的子女身上學(xué)到兩樣?xùn)|西,一是享樂(lè)無(wú)罪,二是可以把快樂(lè)的原則應(yīng)用到生活的各個(gè)方面。因此A正確。
35. ［答案］ C細(xì)節(jié)理解題。文章第二段講到,工作時(shí)間對(duì)他們來(lái)說(shuō)不過(guò)是強(qiáng)加的苦役。如果賦予人們完全的自由與責(zé)任,難道他們不會(huì)出色地完成工作嗎？換句話來(lái)說(shuō),工作時(shí)間與強(qiáng)加的苦役一樣。故C正確。
Text 4
文章概要：本文通過(guò)介紹男女孩子在生理和行為上的差異，作者說(shuō)明男孩子更難控制情感，更容易成為問(wèn)題孩子，更容易走上犯罪道路。作者后指出，男孩子在成長(zhǎng)過(guò)程中一方面渴望和需要溫暖，另一方面又急于成為獨(dú)立的個(gè)體。
36. ［答案］ C作者在文章的第一段里指出：男孩子和女孩子不一樣，在學(xué)校里男孩子比女孩子更可能有紀(jì)律問(wèn)題，在特殊教育的班上男孩子的人數(shù)要超過(guò)女孩子，男孩子也更有可能犯暴力罪而進(jìn)監(jiān)獄。A、B、D三個(gè)選項(xiàng)內(nèi)容文章都提及了，就是沒(méi)說(shuō)到C"女孩子幾乎不需要社會(huì)的幫助"。故C正確。
37. ［答案］ C答案的依據(jù)在第二段第二句里："充沛的精力和想征服的強(qiáng)烈欲望——這些都是正常的男性特征，而且在早期被看作是好事情，甚至是生存的要素。"由此可判斷C正確。
38. ［答案］ C詞意理解題。作者在第二段里引用了Gurian的話："男孩子就是男孩子，我們需要愛(ài)他們就因?yàn)槭撬麄?。我們不要試圖去改變他們。"由此可判斷C正確。
39. ［答案］ A作者在第三段里討論了男女孩子在嬰兒期的情況，指出女孩子比男孩子更能控制情感，因?yàn)槟泻⒆硬G丸激素高，而神經(jīng)傳遞素卻低。由此可知第三段討論的是男女孩子生理上的問(wèn)題，故A正確。
40. ［答案］ B作者在后一段一開(kāi)始就指出，男孩子的成長(zhǎng)充滿著掙扎，一方面渴望和需要溫暖，另一方面被拉向獨(dú)立。換句話說(shuō)，社會(huì)期待男孩子獨(dú)立。因此B正確。
Part B
篇章導(dǎo)讀
本文是一篇書(shū)評(píng)，作者介紹了一部關(guān)于Leo Szilard的傳記，并在同時(shí)對(duì)此人進(jìn)行了一番評(píng)價(jià)。
作者認(rèn)為Szilard是一位杰出的物理學(xué)和社會(huì)活動(dòng)家，閱讀這部傳記可以了解一位科學(xué)家是如何影響公共政策的。作者指出，科學(xué)家要想影響公共政策，首先要認(rèn)識(shí)到重要的政策涉及的面要比科學(xué)本身大，其次僅有科學(xué)素養(yǎng)是不夠的，科學(xué)家還應(yīng)思路開(kāi)闊，多作分析。
精析精解
41. ［答案］ D注意第一段第二句話中的"it sheds a perceptive light on the role of scientists in public policy."（它使我們明白科學(xué)家在制定公共政策中的作用。）接著，作者說(shuō)明第二次世界大戰(zhàn)是科學(xué)家影響美國(guó)政治的開(kāi)始。隨后都是舉例說(shuō)明科學(xué)對(duì)美國(guó)政治的影響。空白處的上文是以愛(ài)因斯坦為例，下文是以布什為例。因此，中間應(yīng)該是另一個(gè)例證。選項(xiàng)D是正確的選擇。
42. ［答案］ G第二段的第一句顯然是該段的主題句，即Szilard的一生并不說(shuō)明科學(xué)家以集體的力量影響政治。因此，空白處所填的語(yǔ)句應(yīng)該表明Szilard是怎樣運(yùn)用個(gè)人的力量影響政治。正確的選項(xiàng)顯然是G了。
43. ［答案］ C第二段講到Szilard堅(jiān)信理智（reason）的力量，但是這樣也使他忽視了對(duì)情感力量的理解。換句話來(lái)說(shuō)，有些政治議題不完全受理智的影響，而是受到情緒的影響，但是Szilard卻不大明白這一點(diǎn)?？瞻滋幍恼Z(yǔ)句應(yīng)該談到Szilard矢志不渝，堅(jiān)信自己的觀點(diǎn)應(yīng)該受到別人的關(guān)注。因此，所填的語(yǔ)句應(yīng)該表明Szilard為什么有這樣強(qiáng)烈的自信，這樣才比較符合邏輯。
44. ［答案］ B首先我們應(yīng)該確認(rèn)Szilard是一位杰出的物理學(xué)家和社會(huì)活動(dòng)家，這一點(diǎn)作者已經(jīng)在文章的開(kāi)頭就已經(jīng)加以說(shuō)明。第二，從第四段的后一句中，我們得知Szilard確實(shí)是一個(gè)卓有遠(yuǎn)見(jiàn)的人，他率先認(rèn)識(shí)到*的邪惡本質(zhì)，提出了發(fā)展核武器的重要性，并且預(yù)見(jiàn)到了二戰(zhàn)以后核武器會(huì)帶來(lái)的問(wèn)題。注意空白后的兩句話，似乎是說(shuō)明Szilard具有一種堅(jiān)韌不拔的精神，所以他才不會(huì)認(rèn)為別人應(yīng)該聽(tīng)取他的意見(jiàn)，甚至一些淺顯的道理也需要他大張旗鼓加以宣傳。因此，空白處所填的語(yǔ)句應(yīng)該包含段落的主題句，說(shuō)明Szilard為什么會(huì)這樣堅(jiān)韌不拔。選項(xiàng)B中的第一句正好可以被看作是該段內(nèi)容的概括。
45. ［答案］ E現(xiàn)有的語(yǔ)句包含兩層意思，一是重要的政策涉及的面要比科學(xué)本身大，二是僅有科學(xué)素養(yǎng)是不夠的，科學(xué)家還應(yīng)思路開(kāi)闊，多作分析。結(jié)合文章的主題，可以判定后一段空白處所填的語(yǔ)句應(yīng)該是科學(xué)家怎樣才能影響公共政策。因此，選項(xiàng)E是正確的。
Part C
46. 但是大學(xué)存在的主要理由既非單純的把知識(shí)傳授給學(xué)生，又非單純?yōu)榻虇T們提供研究的機(jī)會(huì)。
47. 如果大學(xué)只是傳授知識(shí)，那么在15世紀(jì)印刷術(shù)普及之后，大學(xué)就沒(méi)有任何存在的理由了。
48. 大學(xué)之所以能夠存在下去，是因?yàn)榇髮W(xué)能在富于想像力的學(xué)習(xí)過(guò)程中密切年輕與年長(zhǎng)一代的關(guān)系，從而在追求知識(shí)的同時(shí)也保持對(duì)生活的熱情。
49. 想象使人總結(jié)一般原則并應(yīng)用于實(shí)踐，獲得與存在的事實(shí)相適合的一般原則，并讓人對(duì)與原則相一致的各種可能進(jìn)行理性的審視。
50. 如果平日需要維護(hù)一個(gè)具體的框架，就無(wú)法養(yǎng)成一個(gè)不帶任何偏見(jiàn)的思維習(xí)慣，而根據(jù)總的原則來(lái)辨別各種例證才是一種理想的做法。
Section Ⅲ Writing
Part A
Dear Sir or Madam,
I am a student of Jingning University, majoring in journalism. I am looking for a chance for internship at your evening post, preferably to work on the sports column.
I have a huge interest in sports, especially ball games. Ever since my high school days, I've been following all kinds of sports activities. In fact, I am on the basketball team of my university. The reason why I chose to study journalism is that I wish to become a sports reporter. I love the job and I am sure that I can do it well.
I'll be very grateful if I could work as an intern at your paper.
Yours Sincerely
Li Ming
Part B
Life Means Interaction with People
The two men in the drawing seem to have bumped into each other head-on. One of them has dropped down to the ground. They are staring at each other in surprise.
I can't help wondering what they would do next. How will they solve the issue? They are obviously two strangers who happen to bump against each other. It's an accident, one we would come across on a daily basis. However, such an accident may develop into a bitter quarrel or an ugly fight. In some extreme cases, the loss of life can be caused.
In our daily routines, remember to say you are sorry if you do somebody else wrong, and be ready to be forgiving if you are offended. When you have an issue with somebody, try to find a nice way out. As the old saying goes, "Out of blows friendship grows." Well, I hope the two men in the drawing can settle their "collision" in a friendly way. After all, life means interaction with people, though sometimes rather unexpectedly.
Section Ⅰ Use of English
Directions:
Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark ［A］, ［B］, ［C］ or ［D］ on Answer Sheet 1. (10 points)
Most worthwhile careers require some kind of specialized training. Ideally, therefore, the choice of an 1 should be made even before choice of a curriculum in high school.
Actually, 2 , most people make several job choices during their working lives, 3 because of economic and industrial changes and partly to improve their position. The "one perfect job" does not exist. Young people should 4 enter into a broad flexible training program that will fit them for a 5 of work rather than for a single job.
Unfortunately many young people have to make career plans 6 benefit of help from a competent vocational counselor or psychologist. Knowing 7 about the occupational world, or themselves for that matter, they choose their lifework on a hit-or-miss 8 . Some drift from job to job. Others 9 to work in which they are unhappy and for which they are not fitted.
One common mistake is choosing an occupation for its real or 10 prestige. Too many high school students or their parents for them choose the professional field, 11 both the relatively small proportion of workers in the professions and the extremely high educational and personal 12 . The prestige that people tend to 13 to a profession or a white-collar job is no good reason for choosing it as life's work.
14 , these occupations are not always well paid. Since a large 15 of jobs are in mechanical and manual work, the majority of young people should give serious 16 to these fields.
Before making an occupational choice, a person should have a general idea of what he wants 17 life and how hard he is willing to work to get it. Some people desire social prestige, others intellectual 18 . Some want security; others are willing to take 19 for financial gain. Each occupational choice has its demands as well as its 20 .
1. ［A］ identification ［B］ entertainment ［C］ accommodation ［D］ occupation
2. ［A］ however ［B］ therefore ［C］ though ［D］ thereby
3. ［A］ entirely ［B］ mainly ［C］ partly ［D］ his
4. ［A］ since ［B］ therefore ［C］ furthermore ［D］ forever
5. ［A］ place ［B］ chance ［C］field ［D］ opening
6. ［A］ to ［B］ for ［C］ without ［D］ with
7. ［A］ little ［B］ few ［C］ much ［D］ a lot
8. ［A］ chance ［B］ basis ［C］ purpose ［D］ opportunity
9. ［A］ apply ［B］ appeal ［C］ stick ［D］ turn
10. ［A］ imagined ［B］ substantial ［C］ acquired ［D］ demanded
11. ［A］ concerning ［B］ following ［C］ considering ［D］ disregarding
12. ［A］ preferences ［B］ requirements ［C］ tendencies ［D］ ambitions
13. ［A］ contribute ［B］ attach ［C］ attribute ［D］ allot
14. ［A］ Therefore ［B］ However ［C］ Nevertheless ［D］ Moreover
15. ［A］ proportion ［B］ part ［C］ quantity ［D］ batch
16. ［A］ proposal ［B］ suggestion ［C］ consideration ［D］ appraisal
17. ［A］ towards ［B］ against ［C］ out of ［D］ without
18. ［A］ knowledge ［B］ satisfaction ［C］ culture ［D］ sensitivity
19. ［A］ turns ［B］ parts ［C］ choices ［D］ risks
20. ［A］ awards ［B］ requirements ［C］ results ［D］ needs
Section Ⅱ Reading Comprehension
Part A
Directions:
Read the following four texts. Answer the questions below each text by choosing ［A］, ［B］, ［C］ or ［D］. Mark your answers on Answer Sheet 1. (40 points)
Text 1
It is said that people buy contemporary art when they are confident about the future and old art when they are not. Conventional wisdom has it that older art holds its value, while contemporary stuff is for risk-lovers. William Goetzmann, a professor at Yale, estimates that during the last art-market depression, which set in after 1990, impressionist and contemporary works fell by most (51% and 40% respectively), while Old Masters suffered least (down by 16%). Yet despite the ups and downs, contemporary works have been rewarding for those who are prepared to hang on: according to Jianping Mei and Michael Moses, professors at New York University (NYU) since 1970 the returns on contemporary art have far exceeded those on Old Masters and 19th-century paintings.
Since the late 1980s, more sophisticated analysis of the art market and a growing interest in alternative investments have spurred the creation of several new investment funds focused on art. At a recent conference organised by one of these, the Fine Art Fund, Rachel Campbell of Maastricht University pointed out the low correlation between returns on art and on those other investments. Given that it usually pays to diversify, that is a good argument for investing in art, whatever your taste. The Fine Art Fund, which began buying this April (and has 36% of its money in cash), advises that investors spread their art allocation fairly evenly between Impressionists, Old Masters, modern art and contemporary works.
Contemporary art, in particular, has served rich investors well in the past few years. Prices stayed stable when stock markets fell. Nevertheless, one recent academic study has found a correlation with another asset class: during the last world art boom, in the late 1980s, prices were closely tied to property values, specifically Japanese land prices. After 1990, art and property fell together. Now property prices in several countries are once again at frightening heights.
Investing in art will always be a risky business. Works of art by definition belong to different categories; holding periods vary; the market is illiquid; art yields no income, producing only capital gain or loss; transaction costs are high. As for contemporary art in particular, it is a sobering thought that, according to Mr. Moses, each year an average of only two artists emerge whose work increases in value over time. All this speaks against a big commitment to speculating in art; better, maybe, simply to buy what you like, if you can: treat your money, in other words, not as invested but as consumed.
21. By saying that the market is illiquid (Line 2, Para. 4), the author suggests that .
［A］ art works seldom lose their value in the market
［B］ investment in art does not have guaranteed return of profits
［C］ the difficulty to trade art works is obvious and evident
［D］ the art market tends to be responsive to the economic situation
22. The Fine Art Fund advise that investors need to spread their art allocation because .
［A］ Old Masters always promise a high return of profits
［B］ different art works are valued differently in the market
［C］ buying art works is always a good way of investment
［D］ people should be aware of the risks of investment in art
23. The returns on contemporary art indicate .
［A］ people have come to see the value of contemporary art
［B］ the economic prospects are positively assessed
［C］ there is a growing interest in alternative art investments
［D］ investors have learned to spread their art allocation
24. We can learn from the text that .
［A］ the two NYU professors advise people against buying Old Masters
［B］ cautious investors are advised to stay away from the art market
［C］ the real estate market is a good indicator of the art market
［D］ art investors should not speculate in the art market
25. What is the possible attitude of Mr. Moses toward investing in contemporary art?
［A］ Investors in contemporary art should be more patient.
［B］ A supplicated analysis of the art market is always a must.
［C］ Contemporary art seems to promise greater returns of profits.
［D］ It is dangerous to speculate in the contemporary art market.
Text 2
They have been writers and actors, entertainers and creators. They have won Academy Awards and received critical acclaim. They have graced the covers of magazines.
In the arts and entertainment world, women have made a myriad of contributions to what we know as popular culture. Although many female celebrities may be known more for their figures than their talents, women remain more than just pretty faces. Women's History Month promises to take a look back at the influential female lives and legacies that have shaped our society.
In this century alone, a number of famous females have made their artistic marks. In the literary world, women such as Sylvia Plath and Colette composed celebrated works, establishing themselves as creative writers to be reckoned with. Colette, a prolific French novelist, tackled weighty themes such as the woman's struggle for independence. Her catalog of works includes celebrated novels such as Cheri and The Pure and the Impure. Plath, renowned for her suicide as much as for her writing, wrote The Bell Jar as well as a wealth of poetry.
Within the realm of fashion, influential designers such as Coco Chanel changed the face of female dressing. The Chanel name has become synonymous with high style. Coco invented the little black dress, perfected a trademark scent-Chanel No. 5-and became famous for her tweed suits and quilted handbags.
Hollywood starlets such as Katharine Hepburn transformed the film world. She was known for her portrayal of strong, spirited females in her films, clearly embodying what it means to be an independent woman. As Hepburn once said, "I never realized until lately that women were supposed to be the inferior sex. "
The music industry has also seen its share of barrier-breaking female stars. Women such as Billie Holiday and Ella Fitzgerald endure as revered names within the jazz world. Similarly, Joan Baez took the folk music genre by storm. She was one of the most outspoken performers during the social turmoil of the 1960s, establishing herself not only as an acclaimed singer/songwriter but also as an activist for civil rights and nonviolence.
Undeniably, women have contributed to our culture in immeasurable ways. From the silver screen to the record-store shelves, the most talented stars exhibit a wealth of creativity, a fan瞱inning charisma and a unique dedication to their respective crafts-and many of them also happen to be female.
26. Who may be considered as a feminist writer according to the passage?
［A］ Sylvia Plath.［B］ Colettle.
［C］ Both Plath and Colette.［D］ Neither Plath nor Colette.
27. From the passage, we can learn that Chanel No. 5 is .
［A］ a typical style of little black dress
［B］ a perfume marketed by Chanel
［C］ a high class way of life advocated by Coco
［D］ the chanel tweed suits and quilted handbags.
28. By saying "women remain more than just pretty faces", the author means .
［A］ some women have nothing but pretty faces
［B］ beauty for many female celebrities is necessary
［C］ some women don't mange to be successful for beauty
［D］ each female celebrity has her own success story
29. Joan Baez is called an outspoken performer because she .
［A］ stunned the world by the message her music expressed
［B］ was expressive for her performance on the stage
［C］ had to suffer the social turmoil of the 1960s
［D］ openly voiced her opinions on the major social issues
30. Women's contributions to pop culture are NOT caused by .
［A］ their enthusiasm they have toward what they do
［B］ the physical appeal they have to the public
［C］ their understanding of the importance of pop culture
［D］ the display of their natural talents and gifts
Text 3
Old people are always saying that the young are not what they were. The same comment is made from generation to generation and it is always true. It has never been truer than it is today. The young are better educated; they have a lot more money to spend and enjoy more freedom. They grow up more quickly and are not so dependent on their parents. They think more for themselves and do not blindly accept the ideals of their elders. Events which the older generation remembers vividly are nothing more than past history. This is as it should be. Every new generation is different from the one that preceded it. Today the difference is very marked indeed. The old always assume that they know best for the simple reason that they have been around a bit longer. They don't like to feel that their values are being questioned or threatened. And this is precisely what the young are doing. They are questioning the assumptions of their elders and disturbing their sense of feeling contended. They doubt that the older generation has created the best of all possible worlds.
What they reject more than anything is conformity. Office hours, for instance, are nothing more than enforced slavery. Wouldn't people work best if they were given complete freedom and responsibility? And what about clothing? Who said that all the men in the world should wear dull gray suits and convict haircuts? If we turn our minds to more serious matters, who said that human differences can best be solved through conventional politics or by violent means? Why have the older generation so often used violence to solve their problems? Why are they so unhappy and guilt-ridden in their personal lives; so obsessed with mean ambitions and the desire to amass more and more material possessions? Can anything be right with the rat-race? Haven't the old lost touch with all that is important in life?
These are not questions the older generation can shrug off lightly. Their record over the past forty years or so hasn't been exactly spotless. Traditionally, the young have turned to the older for guidance. Today, the situation might be reversed. The old-if they are prepared to admit it-could learn a thing or two from their children. One of the biggest lessons they could learn is that enjoyment is not sinful. Enjoyment is a principle one could apply to all aspects of life. It is surely not wrong to enjoy your work and enjoy your leisure; to shed restricting inhibitions. It is surely not wrong to live in the present rather than in the past or future. The world is full of uncertainty and tension. This is their glorious heritage. Can we be surprised that they should so often question the sanity of the generation that passed it down?
31. Which of the following features in the young is NOT mentioned?
［A］ Better educated［B］ More money and freedom.
［C］ Greater independence. ［D］ Respect for work.
32. What do the young have an attitude for?
［A］ The differences between the old and young.
［B］ The assumption of the old generation.
［C］ The emphasis on violence as a solution to social problems.
［D］ The social conventions that they are expected to follow.
33. Why do the young stress on the present because .
［A］ the past is full of sanity that should be done with
［B］ the present is more secure than the past
［C］ the present world is substantial and sustaining
［D］ the present is made up of a glorious heritage
34. What can the old learn from the young generation?
［A］ Enjoyment is not despicable for what it is
［B］ People should have more time for leisure.
［C］ It is a blessing that people can learn to enjoy life
［D］ One should break free of the restrictions that life imposes
35. How do the young think about office hours?
［A］ They are more painful than enforced slavery
［B］ They are happier than enforced slavery
［C］ They are almost as painful as enforced slavery
［D］ They are the most painful enforced slavery
Text 4
Researchers are finding that boys and girls really are from two different planets. Experts say boys and girls have different "crisis points", stages in their emotional and social development where things can go very wrong. Until recently, girls got all the attention. But boys are much more likely than girls to have discipline problems at school and to be diagnosed with Attention Deficit Disorder (ADD). Boys far outnumber girls in special-education classes. They're also more likely to commit violent crimes and end up in jail.
Even normal boy behavior has come to be considered pathological（病態(tài)的）in the wake of the feminist movement. An abundance of physical energy and the urge to conquer－these are normal male characteristics, and in an earlier age they were good things, even essential to survival. "If Huck Finn or Tom Sawyer were alive today," says Michael Gurian, author of The Wonder of Boys, "we'd say they had ADD." He says one of the new insights we're gaining about boys is a very old one: boys will be boys. "They are who they are," says Gurian, "and we need to love them for who they are. Let's not try to rewire them."
But what exactly is the essential nature of boys? Even as infants, boys and girls behave differently. A recent study at Children's Hospital in Boston found that boy babies are more emotionally expressive; girls are more reflective. (That means boy babies tend to cry when they're unhappy; girl babies suck their thumbs.) This could indicate that girls are innately more able to control their emotions. Boys have higher levels of testosterone and lower levels of neurotransmitter serotonin(神經(jīng)傳遞素), which inhabits aggression(睪丸激素) and impulsivity. That may help explain why more males than females carry through with suicide or become alcoholics.
There's a struggle between a desire and need for warmth on the one hand and a pull toward independence on the other. Boys are going through what psychologists long ago declared an integral part of growing up: individualization and disconnection from parents, especially mothers. But now some researchers think that process is too abrupt. When boys repress normal feelings like love because of social pressure, says William Pollack, head of the Center for Men at Boston's McLean Hospital, "they've lost contact with the genuine nature of whom they are and what they feel. Boys are in a silent crisis. The only time we notice it is when they pull the trigger."
36. Which of the following is NOT true according to the first paragraph?
［A］ Boys and girls are different.
［B］ Boys need more attention than girls.
［C］ Girls almost need no help from society.
［D］ Boys are more difficult to educate than girls.
37. What can be inferred about Tom Sawyer and Huck Finn (Line 4, Para. 2)?
［A］ They were more like today's girls than boys.
［B］ They suffered Attention Deficit Disorder but were not diagnosed.
［C］ They were energetic and conquering.
［D］ They had more problems than today's boys.
38. The word "rewire" (Line 7, Para. 2) could best be replaced by .
［A］ restore to a former condition ［B］ recognize the worth of
［C］ change the nature of ［D］ address the problems of
39. Which aspect of the boy and the girl differences does Para. 3 discuss?
［A］ Physiological. ［B］ Psychological. ［C］ Cultural. ［D］ Intellectual.
40. It is implied in the passage that .
［A］ society approves of boys who have tender feelings
［B］ society expects boys to be independent
［C］ boys take more time to grow up than girls
［D］ boys and girls can never receive similar treatment
Part B
Directions:
In the following article, some sentences have been removed. For Questions 41-45, choose the most suitable one from the list A-G to fit into each of the numbered blank. There are two extra choices, which do not fit in any of the gaps. Mark your answers on Answer Sheet 1.
William Lanouette's biography of Leo Szilard, Genius in the Shadows, does more than reveal the life of a brilliant physicist and social activist; it sheds a perceptive light on the role of scientists in public policy. World War II is usually recognized as the coming of age of science in U.S. politics. Albert Einstein had become the world's first science celebrity and a person to whom presidents felt obliged to listen. (41) Bush laid the foundation for a postwar science policy that would put government in the dominant role in funding basic research.
What is instructive about Szilard's life, however, is not the political influence of scientists as a group. (42) He believed that scientists should have more influence in policymaking in general-not because of their knowledge but because of their ability to think rationally. This faith in reason was a weakness in Szilard's political thinking, however, because it prevented him from understanding the emotional forces that must also be taken into account.
(43) And although he often used the reputation of his friend Einstein to gain access to decision makers, he believed firmly that it was the power of his ideas that deserved attention. He felt the same way about science. Even as an unemployed and relatively unknown physicist, he expected the giants in the field to respect his ideas if they made sense.
(44) He didn't assume that he should be listened to just because he was a brilliant physicist, and he accepted that even the most enlightened thinking had to be promoted vigorously to be influential. Of course, it didn't hurt that he was way ahead of his time in recognizing the threat posed by Hitler, the importance of nuclear weapons, and the problems with nuclear weapons that would arise after the war.
(45) First, the most important policies are those that address issues bigger than science itself. Szilard studied and cared deeply about the larger issues of governance, not just the role of science. Second, he understood that his scientific training did not entitle him to influence and that the quality of his thinking did not mean that the world's leaders would come knocking at his door. He knew that to make a difference in the world it is necessary to think broadly; to win support through compelling analysis, not reputation; and to work tirelessly to promote one's ideas.
［A］ What Szilard did was to approach public policy with the same vigor, determination, and persistence with which good scientists approach science. What works in advancing science can also work in improving policy.
［B］ The key to Szilard's effectiveness and influence was his sense of responsibility for making the world a better place. Once he decided that something should be done, he devoted enormous energy, resourcefulness, and audacity to advancing his proposal.
［C］ But Szilard was not expecting to be influential in policy debates just because he was a scientist. An avid newspaper reader, he was extremely well informed about public affairs.
［D］ The Manhattan Project to develop the atomic bomb was an unprecedented federal investment in research, and questions about how to use the insights of nuclear physics for military and civilian purposes brought scientists into direct conversation with the nation's leaders.
［E］ Not everything that Szilard advocated was wise; reason sometimes overwhelmed common sense. Still, his life illustrates important lessons for scientists who want to influence public policy.
［F］ Indeed, it was the scientific hyper-rationality of someone like Szilard that Roald Hoffman had in mind when he questioned why scientists shouldn't run the world.
［G］ Szilard's efforts to convince the government to develop nuclear weapons and his subsequent campaigns to establish civilian and international control of the power of the atom are an inspiring example of how a determined individual can play a major role in public policy.
Section Ⅲ Writing
Part A
51.Directions:
Six months from now, you will be graduating from the university. For the time being, you are looking for a chance of internship at the Evening Post of the city.
1) State your wish to work as an intern with the newspaper;
2) Explain what kind of job that you're looking for;
3) And State your reasons why you can do the job well.
Write your letter with no less than 100 words. Write it neatly on Answer Sheet 2. Do not sign your own name at the end of the letter, use "Li Ming" instead. You do not need to write the address. (10 points)
Part B
52.Directions:
Write an essay of 160-200 words based on the following drawing. In your essay, you should first describe the drawing, interpret its meaning, and give your comment on it.
You should write neatly on Answer Sheet 2. (20 points)
Test One 答案速查
Section One DACBC CABCA DBCDA CCBDA
Section Two CBBCD BBCDC DDCAC CCCAB DGCBE
答案精析
Section Ⅰ Use of English
1. ［答案］ D名詞辨析。
此句的意思是"在高中選課前就應(yīng)選擇好職業(yè)。"A）identification 意為"識(shí)別，鑒定"；B）entertainment意為"款待, 娛樂(lè)"；C）accommodation 意為"住處, 膳宿"：D）occupation意為"職業(yè)"。故D正確。
2. ［答案］ A連詞辨析?？崭窈蟮木渥右馑际?實(shí)際上大多數(shù)人在職業(yè)生涯中要換幾次工作，……"該句和上一句之間顯然是轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系。故A正確。
3. ［答案］ C副詞辨析。這是由and 連接的并列句，既然and 后面跟著partly，那前面肯定也是 partly。故C正確。此句的意思是"……部分是因?yàn)榻?jīng)濟(jì)和產(chǎn)業(yè)的變化，部分是因?yàn)橄胩岣咚麄兊牡匚弧?
4. ［答案］ B連詞辨析。前一句意思是"理想的工作是不存在的。"后一句意思是"年輕人應(yīng)該參加廣泛的職業(yè)訓(xùn)練活動(dòng)……。"這兩句顯然是因果關(guān)系。故B正確。
5. ［答案］ C名詞辨別。從上下文來(lái)看，空格所填的單詞與work連用應(yīng)該涵蓋a single job，因此應(yīng)該選擇field。a field of work表示"工作的領(lǐng)域"。正確答案為C。
6. ［答案］ C介詞辨析。從空格后benefit of help from……（受益于……的幫助）和此句句首的副詞unfortunately（不幸的是）可知要選的詞要有否定意義。故C正確。
7. ［答案］ A副詞辨析。此句的意思是"對(duì)職業(yè)世界知道很少……"。故A正確。
8. ［答案］ B名詞辨析。此句的意思是"他們是毫無(wú)目的地尋找他們一生的工作"。on……basis, 或on the basis of……意思是"基于……"。故B正確。
9. ［答案］ C動(dòng)詞辨析。由前一句的some 和此句的others 可知兩句是對(duì)應(yīng)的關(guān)系，由此可知這兩句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞也應(yīng)是對(duì)應(yīng)的。動(dòng)詞drift"漂??；漂蕩" 對(duì)應(yīng)的詞應(yīng)該是stick "固守, 堅(jiān)持"。故C正確。A）apply意為"申請(qǐng), 應(yīng)用"；B)appeal意為"求助；吸引"D) turn意為"轉(zhuǎn)動(dòng)"。
10. ［答案］ A形容詞辨析。注意句中的or，這個(gè)連詞通常表示一種選擇，即兩者必選其一。既然or前面的單詞是real，那么or所接的單詞應(yīng)該表示與real相反的意思。因此，正確的答案是A）imagined想象的，不真實(shí)的。
11. ［答案］ D動(dòng)詞辨析。四個(gè)選項(xiàng)是現(xiàn)在分詞，實(shí)際上就是動(dòng)詞的辨析。A）concern意為"涉及, 關(guān)系到"；B）follow意為"跟隨, 接著"；C）consider意為"考慮, 認(rèn)為"；D）disregard意為"忽視，不顧"。故D正確。
12. ［答案］ B名詞辨析。A）preference意為"偏愛(ài), 優(yōu)先選擇"；B）requirement意為"要求, 必要條件"；C）tendency意為"趨向, 傾向"；D）ambition意為"雄心，野心"。根據(jù)句意，應(yīng)該選B。
13. ［答案］ C動(dòng)詞辨析。A）contribute意為"貢獻(xiàn)"；B）attach表示"隸屬"；C）attribute意為"歸結(jié)"；D）allot意為"分配"。正確的選項(xiàng)是C。
14. ［答案］ D副詞辨析?？崭窈蟮木渥拥囊馑际?這些工作的工資也不總是很高"，顯然這是繼前面進(jìn)一步說(shuō)明職業(yè)性工作不一定就是好的選擇。故D正確。Moreover意為"而且, 此外"。
15. ［答案］ A名詞辨析。A) proportion意為"部分"，作量詞時(shí)一般修飾可數(shù)名詞；B) part作量詞意為"部分"，但是后面一般跟不可數(shù)名詞；C) quantity意為"數(shù)量"，后面也通常接不可數(shù)名詞；D)batch意為"（一）批"，一般作貨物的量詞。故A正確。
16. ［答案］ C名詞辨析。該句的意思為："大多數(shù)年輕人應(yīng)該認(rèn)真考慮這些領(lǐng)域。" A) proposal意為"提議, 建議"；B) suggestion意為"建議"；C) consideration意為"體諒, 考慮"；D) appraisal意為"評(píng)價(jià), 估價(jià)，鑒定"。根據(jù)句意應(yīng)選C。
17. ［答案］ C介詞搭配。該句的意思是"一個(gè)人應(yīng)該對(duì)生活的期望有個(gè)大致的想法"。out of意思是"從……中"。what he wants out of life意為"想從生活中得到什么"。故C正確。
18. ［答案］ B名詞辨別。選項(xiàng)中的名詞都能與intellectual連用，但是只有satisfaction合適。
19. ［答案］ D名詞辨析。A） turn意為"轉(zhuǎn)動(dòng),輪流"； B）part意為"部分, 零件, 角色"；C）choice意為"選擇"；D）risk意為"冒險(xiǎn), 風(fēng)險(xiǎn)"。由前一句的some 和本句的others 可知兩句在意義上是對(duì)應(yīng)的，既然前面是security"安全"，后面當(dāng)然就是 risk。
20. ［答案］ A名詞辨析。該句的意思為："每一份工作既有索取也有回報(bào)。" A）awards意為"獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)，回報(bào)"；B）requirements意為"要求"；C）results表示"結(jié)果"；D）needs表示"需求"。故A正確。
Section Ⅱ Reading Comprehension
Part A
Text 1
文章概要：一般人們?nèi)鐚?duì)未來(lái)抱有信心就會(huì)購(gòu)買當(dāng)代藝術(shù)品，若沒(méi)有才會(huì)收藏古典藝術(shù)品。作者指出藝術(shù)品投資應(yīng)多樣化，并強(qiáng)調(diào)藝術(shù)品投資風(fēng)險(xiǎn)大，尤其是當(dāng)代藝術(shù)品。
21. ［答案］ C詞義理解題。這句的意思是"市場(chǎng)是非流動(dòng)的"，也就是說(shuō)市場(chǎng)上藝術(shù)品的交換很困難。因此C正確。
22. ［答案］ B細(xì)節(jié)理解題。 在文章的第二段里the Fine Art Fund指出，在藝術(shù)品投資上多樣化通常會(huì)很合算。也就是說(shuō)不同的藝術(shù)品有不同的價(jià)值。故B正確。
23. ［答案］ B細(xì)節(jié)理解題。文章第一段第一句話就說(shuō)："當(dāng)人們對(duì)未來(lái)有信心時(shí)，就會(huì)買當(dāng)代藝術(shù)品；沒(méi)信心時(shí)就會(huì)買古代藝術(shù)品。七十年代人們熱衷于收藏當(dāng)代藝術(shù)品肯定因?yàn)槿藗儗?duì)經(jīng)濟(jì)前景持樂(lè)觀態(tài)度。故B正確。
24. ［答案］ C判斷題。A不符合文章原意，因?yàn)榧~約大學(xué)的兩位教授只說(shuō)在七十年代人們對(duì)當(dāng)代藝術(shù)品的熱情高于對(duì)古代藝術(shù)品。B是說(shuō)建議謹(jǐn)慎投資者遠(yuǎn)離藝術(shù)品市場(chǎng)。也不符合文章原意，文章只是說(shuō)藝術(shù)品投資風(fēng)險(xiǎn)大，并沒(méi)有建議人們不要投資藝術(shù)品。C是說(shuō)房地產(chǎn)是藝術(shù)品市場(chǎng)的晴雨表。作者在第三段里指出，近的一項(xiàng)研究發(fā)現(xiàn)藝術(shù)品的價(jià)格與財(cái)產(chǎn)的價(jià)值緊緊連在一起，尤其是日本的土地價(jià)格。由此可判斷C為正確選項(xiàng)。D是說(shuō)藝術(shù)品投資者不應(yīng)該在藝術(shù)品市場(chǎng)上做投機(jī)買賣。這一點(diǎn)文章也沒(méi)有提及。
25. ［答案］ D細(xì)節(jié)理解題。題干問(wèn)Mr. Moses對(duì)投資當(dāng)代藝術(shù)品所持的態(tài)度。在文章后一段倒數(shù)第二句中，Mr. Moses說(shuō)每年平均只能出現(xiàn)兩位藝術(shù)家，其作品會(huì)隨著時(shí)間而增值。也就是說(shuō)投資當(dāng)代藝術(shù)品風(fēng)險(xiǎn)很大。故D正確。
Text 2
文章概要：文學(xué)、電影、時(shí)尚和音樂(lè)等方面涌現(xiàn)了一大批杰出的女性，她們以其創(chuàng)造力、魅力和奉獻(xiàn)精神為通俗文化做出了巨大的貢獻(xiàn)。
26. ［答案］ B細(xì)節(jié)理解題。文章第三段第三句說(shuō)Colette是一位多產(chǎn)的法國(guó)小說(shuō)家，寫(xiě)諸如女性為獨(dú)立而斗爭(zhēng)的重大主題，由此可判斷B正確。
27. ［答案］ B細(xì)節(jié)理解題。注意Channel No.5 和scent之間的破折號(hào)，可知Channel No.5就是scent。Scent不僅指"香味"，也可指香水。故B正確。
28. ［答案］ C語(yǔ)義理解題。這是轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系復(fù)合句里的一個(gè)從句，前一個(gè)分句意思為"雖然許多女性名人更多的是以身材而不是以才能"，由此可理解下一個(gè)分句"但許多女性的成功不僅僅是漂亮的臉蛋"。故B正確。
29. ［答案］ D細(xì)節(jié)理解題。答案的依據(jù)在第六段后一句："在二十世紀(jì)六十年代的社會(huì)混亂期，她是坦率直言的活動(dòng)分子之一，不僅使自己成了受歡迎的歌手和作曲者，而且還成為民權(quán)和非暴力的激進(jìn)主義分子。"由此可知D為正確選項(xiàng)。
30. ［答案］ C細(xì)節(jié)理解題。答案的依據(jù)在后一段里。作者在這里指出，許多女性以其創(chuàng)造力、魅力和奉獻(xiàn)精神為通俗文化做出了貢獻(xiàn)。故C正確。
Text 3
文章概要：年輕人不同于年長(zhǎng)者，他們得到更好的教育，享受更多的自由，他們獨(dú)立，討厭順從。年長(zhǎng)者可以從他們的子女身上學(xué)到兩樣?xùn)|西：一是享樂(lè)無(wú)罪,二是把快樂(lè)的原則應(yīng)用到生活的各個(gè)方面。
31. ［答案］ D細(xì)節(jié)理解題。題干中的"the young"出自原文第一段第四句話。文章第一段指出：年輕人得到更好的教育；他們有更多的錢花,享受更多的自由；他們的成長(zhǎng)更迅速,不那么依賴父母；他們更多地考慮自己,不盲目認(rèn)可長(zhǎng)輩的理想。顯然應(yīng)選項(xiàng)D，"尊重工作"沒(méi)有提到。
32. ［答案］ D細(xì)節(jié)理解題。問(wèn)題問(wèn)年輕人反感什么。作者在第二段第一句就說(shuō)，年輕人討厭的就是順從。接著還列舉了種種年輕人質(zhì)疑的社會(huì)習(xí)俗。因此D正確。
33. ［答案］ C細(xì)節(jié)理解題。作者在文章后一段里指出：年輕人認(rèn)為生活在現(xiàn)在而不是過(guò)去或?qū)?lái)肯定不是錯(cuò)誤的,因?yàn)檫@個(gè)世界充滿了緊張和不確定性。故C正確。
34. ［答案］ A細(xì)節(jié)理解題。作者在后一段中間部分指出,年長(zhǎng)者可以從他們的子女身上學(xué)到兩樣?xùn)|西,一是享樂(lè)無(wú)罪,二是可以把快樂(lè)的原則應(yīng)用到生活的各個(gè)方面。因此A正確。
35. ［答案］ C細(xì)節(jié)理解題。文章第二段講到,工作時(shí)間對(duì)他們來(lái)說(shuō)不過(guò)是強(qiáng)加的苦役。如果賦予人們完全的自由與責(zé)任,難道他們不會(huì)出色地完成工作嗎？換句話來(lái)說(shuō),工作時(shí)間與強(qiáng)加的苦役一樣。故C正確。
Text 4
文章概要：本文通過(guò)介紹男女孩子在生理和行為上的差異，作者說(shuō)明男孩子更難控制情感，更容易成為問(wèn)題孩子，更容易走上犯罪道路。作者后指出，男孩子在成長(zhǎng)過(guò)程中一方面渴望和需要溫暖，另一方面又急于成為獨(dú)立的個(gè)體。
36. ［答案］ C作者在文章的第一段里指出：男孩子和女孩子不一樣，在學(xué)校里男孩子比女孩子更可能有紀(jì)律問(wèn)題，在特殊教育的班上男孩子的人數(shù)要超過(guò)女孩子，男孩子也更有可能犯暴力罪而進(jìn)監(jiān)獄。A、B、D三個(gè)選項(xiàng)內(nèi)容文章都提及了，就是沒(méi)說(shuō)到C"女孩子幾乎不需要社會(huì)的幫助"。故C正確。
37. ［答案］ C答案的依據(jù)在第二段第二句里："充沛的精力和想征服的強(qiáng)烈欲望——這些都是正常的男性特征，而且在早期被看作是好事情，甚至是生存的要素。"由此可判斷C正確。
38. ［答案］ C詞意理解題。作者在第二段里引用了Gurian的話："男孩子就是男孩子，我們需要愛(ài)他們就因?yàn)槭撬麄?。我們不要試圖去改變他們。"由此可判斷C正確。
39. ［答案］ A作者在第三段里討論了男女孩子在嬰兒期的情況，指出女孩子比男孩子更能控制情感，因?yàn)槟泻⒆硬G丸激素高，而神經(jīng)傳遞素卻低。由此可知第三段討論的是男女孩子生理上的問(wèn)題，故A正確。
40. ［答案］ B作者在后一段一開(kāi)始就指出，男孩子的成長(zhǎng)充滿著掙扎，一方面渴望和需要溫暖，另一方面被拉向獨(dú)立。換句話說(shuō)，社會(huì)期待男孩子獨(dú)立。因此B正確。
Part B
篇章導(dǎo)讀
本文是一篇書(shū)評(píng)，作者介紹了一部關(guān)于Leo Szilard的傳記，并在同時(shí)對(duì)此人進(jìn)行了一番評(píng)價(jià)。
作者認(rèn)為Szilard是一位杰出的物理學(xué)和社會(huì)活動(dòng)家，閱讀這部傳記可以了解一位科學(xué)家是如何影響公共政策的。作者指出，科學(xué)家要想影響公共政策，首先要認(rèn)識(shí)到重要的政策涉及的面要比科學(xué)本身大，其次僅有科學(xué)素養(yǎng)是不夠的，科學(xué)家還應(yīng)思路開(kāi)闊，多作分析。
精析精解
41. ［答案］ D注意第一段第二句話中的"it sheds a perceptive light on the role of scientists in public policy."（它使我們明白科學(xué)家在制定公共政策中的作用。）接著，作者說(shuō)明第二次世界大戰(zhàn)是科學(xué)家影響美國(guó)政治的開(kāi)始。隨后都是舉例說(shuō)明科學(xué)對(duì)美國(guó)政治的影響。空白處的上文是以愛(ài)因斯坦為例，下文是以布什為例。因此，中間應(yīng)該是另一個(gè)例證。選項(xiàng)D是正確的選擇。
42. ［答案］ G第二段的第一句顯然是該段的主題句，即Szilard的一生并不說(shuō)明科學(xué)家以集體的力量影響政治。因此，空白處所填的語(yǔ)句應(yīng)該表明Szilard是怎樣運(yùn)用個(gè)人的力量影響政治。正確的選項(xiàng)顯然是G了。
43. ［答案］ C第二段講到Szilard堅(jiān)信理智（reason）的力量，但是這樣也使他忽視了對(duì)情感力量的理解。換句話來(lái)說(shuō)，有些政治議題不完全受理智的影響，而是受到情緒的影響，但是Szilard卻不大明白這一點(diǎn)?？瞻滋幍恼Z(yǔ)句應(yīng)該談到Szilard矢志不渝，堅(jiān)信自己的觀點(diǎn)應(yīng)該受到別人的關(guān)注。因此，所填的語(yǔ)句應(yīng)該表明Szilard為什么有這樣強(qiáng)烈的自信，這樣才比較符合邏輯。
44. ［答案］ B首先我們應(yīng)該確認(rèn)Szilard是一位杰出的物理學(xué)家和社會(huì)活動(dòng)家，這一點(diǎn)作者已經(jīng)在文章的開(kāi)頭就已經(jīng)加以說(shuō)明。第二，從第四段的后一句中，我們得知Szilard確實(shí)是一個(gè)卓有遠(yuǎn)見(jiàn)的人，他率先認(rèn)識(shí)到*的邪惡本質(zhì)，提出了發(fā)展核武器的重要性，并且預(yù)見(jiàn)到了二戰(zhàn)以后核武器會(huì)帶來(lái)的問(wèn)題。注意空白后的兩句話，似乎是說(shuō)明Szilard具有一種堅(jiān)韌不拔的精神，所以他才不會(huì)認(rèn)為別人應(yīng)該聽(tīng)取他的意見(jiàn)，甚至一些淺顯的道理也需要他大張旗鼓加以宣傳。因此，空白處所填的語(yǔ)句應(yīng)該包含段落的主題句，說(shuō)明Szilard為什么會(huì)這樣堅(jiān)韌不拔。選項(xiàng)B中的第一句正好可以被看作是該段內(nèi)容的概括。
45. ［答案］ E現(xiàn)有的語(yǔ)句包含兩層意思，一是重要的政策涉及的面要比科學(xué)本身大，二是僅有科學(xué)素養(yǎng)是不夠的，科學(xué)家還應(yīng)思路開(kāi)闊，多作分析。結(jié)合文章的主題，可以判定后一段空白處所填的語(yǔ)句應(yīng)該是科學(xué)家怎樣才能影響公共政策。因此，選項(xiàng)E是正確的。
Part C
46. 但是大學(xué)存在的主要理由既非單純的把知識(shí)傳授給學(xué)生，又非單純?yōu)榻虇T們提供研究的機(jī)會(huì)。
47. 如果大學(xué)只是傳授知識(shí)，那么在15世紀(jì)印刷術(shù)普及之后，大學(xué)就沒(méi)有任何存在的理由了。
48. 大學(xué)之所以能夠存在下去，是因?yàn)榇髮W(xué)能在富于想像力的學(xué)習(xí)過(guò)程中密切年輕與年長(zhǎng)一代的關(guān)系，從而在追求知識(shí)的同時(shí)也保持對(duì)生活的熱情。
49. 想象使人總結(jié)一般原則并應(yīng)用于實(shí)踐，獲得與存在的事實(shí)相適合的一般原則，并讓人對(duì)與原則相一致的各種可能進(jìn)行理性的審視。
50. 如果平日需要維護(hù)一個(gè)具體的框架，就無(wú)法養(yǎng)成一個(gè)不帶任何偏見(jiàn)的思維習(xí)慣，而根據(jù)總的原則來(lái)辨別各種例證才是一種理想的做法。
Section Ⅲ Writing
Part A
Dear Sir or Madam,
I am a student of Jingning University, majoring in journalism. I am looking for a chance for internship at your evening post, preferably to work on the sports column.
I have a huge interest in sports, especially ball games. Ever since my high school days, I've been following all kinds of sports activities. In fact, I am on the basketball team of my university. The reason why I chose to study journalism is that I wish to become a sports reporter. I love the job and I am sure that I can do it well.
I'll be very grateful if I could work as an intern at your paper.
Yours Sincerely
Li Ming
Part B
Life Means Interaction with People
The two men in the drawing seem to have bumped into each other head-on. One of them has dropped down to the ground. They are staring at each other in surprise.
I can't help wondering what they would do next. How will they solve the issue? They are obviously two strangers who happen to bump against each other. It's an accident, one we would come across on a daily basis. However, such an accident may develop into a bitter quarrel or an ugly fight. In some extreme cases, the loss of life can be caused.
In our daily routines, remember to say you are sorry if you do somebody else wrong, and be ready to be forgiving if you are offended. When you have an issue with somebody, try to find a nice way out. As the old saying goes, "Out of blows friendship grows." Well, I hope the two men in the drawing can settle their "collision" in a friendly way. After all, life means interaction with people, though sometimes rather unexpectedly.