大學(xué)英語四級(jí)聽力簡(jiǎn)短對(duì)話部分解題技巧詳細(xì)解析
外語教育網(wǎng)四、六級(jí)輔導(dǎo)專家 梁海燕
要求
大學(xué)英語四級(jí)聽力要求學(xué)生掌握扎實(shí)的語言基本功（一定的詞匯量）,擁有良好的聽力習(xí)慣和技能,以及對(duì)相關(guān)學(xué)科的背景知識(shí)(如英美的歷史文化、風(fēng)俗習(xí)慣)的了解.在收聽材料的過程中能運(yùn)用這些能力來推斷演繹,得出正確的答案.外語教育網(wǎng)版權(quán)所有www.for68.com
注意事項(xiàng)
保持良好的心態(tài)，頭腦要冷靜，一個(gè)題聽不懂不要過多糾纏。
善于利用時(shí)間：
（1）播放考場(chǎng)指令時(shí)，題目說明和例句時(shí)
（2）題與題之間的13秒間隔利用好
閱讀選項(xiàng)，猜測(cè)談話話題和可能問的問題：聽前從所給的文字材料和答案選項(xiàng)等線索中發(fā)現(xiàn)一些背景信息，力求縮小談話者的話題，它能幫助考生搞清所聽內(nèi)容的類型和結(jié)構(gòu)甚至主題?？忌牭臅r(shí)候可避免過分注重每個(gè)單詞從而影響對(duì)全篇中心思想的理解?？忌鷳?yīng)搶時(shí)間閱讀試卷上的選項(xiàng)，爭(zhēng)取主動(dòng)，以便在聽音時(shí)有針對(duì)性。根據(jù)選項(xiàng)猜測(cè)問的是時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)、人物、金錢、還是計(jì)劃、打算、狀態(tài)等等。如：外語教育網(wǎng)版權(quán)所有www.for68.com
A. The professor spoke too fast.
B. The professor spoke with a strong accent.
C. The professor's lecture notes were too complicated.
D. The professor's presentation was not convincing enough
W: The presentation made by Professor Jackson was too complicated to understand.
M: Well, I think he didn't speak slowly enough for us to take notes.
Q: What's the man's complaint?
閱讀選項(xiàng)要一目十行，提高效率：聽力不像閱讀，它是單向性的、性的。時(shí)間有限，提高閱讀選項(xiàng)的速度。如：外語教育網(wǎng)版權(quán)所有www.for68.com
A. She read it slowly.
B. She read it selectively.
C. She finished it at a stretch.
D. She went over it chapter by chapter.
M: Have you finished reading the book you bought last month?
W: Oh, I didn't read it straight through the way you read a novel, I just covered a few chapters that interested me most.
Q: How did the woman read the book?
手耳并用，簡(jiǎn)單做筆記：錄音中的細(xì)節(jié)，如重要的數(shù)字、人物、地名等，僅大腦記憶很難完全記住。因此，考試中可以有目地的、有選擇的加以記錄，以便聽完錄音后能快速準(zhǔn)確的選出答案。
多做真題。十多年來的每年兩度的四級(jí)考試，光是真題就積累了幾十套了。這些真題的命題還是很有規(guī)律可循的。要找四級(jí)的感覺，就得多做真題。
聽力測(cè)試形式
大學(xué)英語四級(jí)聽力部分測(cè)試一般包括兩部分內(nèi)容 Section A和Section B，分別是以下三種形式：
1．簡(jiǎn)短對(duì)話部分：該部分一般是日常生活中的對(duì)話，即衣、食、住、行、工作、學(xué)習(xí)、生活等話題，場(chǎng)景可分為校園、公共場(chǎng)所（銀行、機(jī)場(chǎng)、醫(yī)院、郵局、交通工具等）、家庭、辦公室等方面。每題1分。
2．短文聽力部分：考三篇短文，一般是情節(jié)不太復(fù)雜的故事、講話、敘述、對(duì)話等，如動(dòng)物介紹、地區(qū)及大學(xué)情況介紹等。短文主要考查考生對(duì)文章大意、中心思想、重要細(xì)節(jié)的理解與領(lǐng)會(huì)，以及根據(jù)所獲取的相關(guān)信息，對(duì)文中的某些細(xì)節(jié)做出聯(lián)想、判斷，也有就短文中的某一事實(shí)和人物進(jìn)行提問的題目。每題1分。
3．復(fù)合式聽寫部分：近幾年四級(jí)考試的一個(gè)重要內(nèi)容，其目的是為了能夠客觀地檢測(cè)學(xué)生的聽力水平。它包括對(duì)理解能力（即"聽"）和一定的書面表達(dá)能力（即"寫"）這兩方面的測(cè)試。一般需要填十個(gè)空，前七個(gè)是單詞，每題0.5分，后三個(gè)是句子，每句2分或2.5分
一般來說，四級(jí)考試的聽力部分為第1和第2部分的搭配或第1與第3部分的搭配。
我們今天先來講第1部分：簡(jiǎn)短對(duì)聽力部分。對(duì)聽力考試中的對(duì)話的命題規(guī)律加以歸納,希望對(duì)考生有一些幫助.外語教育網(wǎng)版權(quán)所有www.for68.com
簡(jiǎn)短對(duì)話的形式：一般是男士說一句，女士說一句，然后根據(jù)他們的對(duì)話內(nèi)容由第三方提出一個(gè)問題。該部分一般是日常生活中的對(duì)話，即衣、食、住、行、工作、學(xué)習(xí)、生活等話題，場(chǎng)景可分為校園、公共場(chǎng)所（銀行、機(jī)場(chǎng)、醫(yī)院等）、家庭、辦公室等方面。每題1分。
簡(jiǎn)短對(duì)話的類型：按照簡(jiǎn)短對(duì)話的內(nèi)容或句型，我們可以把該部分分為以下類型：
問對(duì)話發(fā)生的地點(diǎn)和場(chǎng)所：
Where does the conversation most probably take place?
Where does this conversation most likely occur?
Where are the two speakers?
不同的場(chǎng)景下人們交談?dòng)谜Z也不同，例如：
校園：campus, dorm, library (renew the books, overdue, pay a fine, bookshelf), lab, canteen, roommate, professor, semester, term, pass, fail, exam, course, credit, resume，tutor, graduate, presentation, speech, report, lecture, paper, scholarship等。
銀行：open an account, cash the check, buy traveler's check, ATM, draw/deposit money, balance, savings等。
餐館：menu, a table for two, a table in the corner/by the window, full, on diet, treat, order, course, salad, wine, dessert，waiter, reserve, take order等。
機(jī)場(chǎng)：board, flight, gate number, check in, boarding pass, seat-belt等。
交通：due to arrive, fast train, non-stop train, xx minutes late, postpone, delay, break down, traffic jam, flat tire, speeding, pay a fine等。
醫(yī)院：Do you have an appointment?
What's the matter with you?
take one's temperature, have a fever, have a sore throat, keep coughing, toothache, headache, physician, surgeon, doctor, nurse, operation-room, emergency room, ward, visiting hours, prescribe, pill, capsule等。
郵局：business hours, parcel, postage, letter, stamp等。
家庭：darling, sweet heart之類的比較親近的稱謂語，watch TV, fix the washing machine,grocery, mow the lawn, sofa, kitchen, dining-room, have a bath等。
旅館：check in/out, make a reservation, register, reception desk等。
找房子：價(jià)格高，太吵，難找．
這樣的問題的答案選項(xiàng)一般是由介詞in或at后面加一個(gè)地點(diǎn)構(gòu)成的。外語教育網(wǎng)版權(quán)所有www.for68.com
如：
M: How many hours are you taking this semester?
W: Eighteen, plus two hours of lab.
Q: Where does the conversation most probably take place?
A. In a restaurant. B. In a bank.
C. At an office. D. In a university.
該題的關(guān)鍵詞是semester和lab.
提問人物關(guān)系或人物的身份：此類對(duì)話提供一個(gè)情節(jié)，能反映所涉及的人的關(guān)系或身份，關(guān)鍵詞可以參考第1點(diǎn)中列出的。
（1） 問人物的關(guān)系:
What's the probable relationship between the two speakers?
如：
M: Good evening, Madam. There is a table for two over there. This way, please.
W: Thank you. Could I see the menu, please?
Q: What's the relationship between the man and woman?
A. Husband and wife. B. Waiter and customer.
C. Salesman and customer. D. Host and guest.
該題的關(guān)鍵詞是menu和Madam.
（2） 問人物的職業(yè)身份：Who is the man/the woman?
如：
M: According to your ad in this morning's paper, you have an apartment for rent.
W: Yes, I have. It's on the second floor. Would you like to have a look? Come this way, please.
Q: Who is the woman?
A. A bank clerk. B. A secretary.
C. A landlady. D. A doctor.
該題的關(guān)鍵詞是an apartment for rent和ad.
計(jì)算類。一般涉及時(shí)間和價(jià)錢的運(yùn)算。外語教育網(wǎng)版權(quán)所有www.for68.com
（1）問活動(dòng)發(fā)生的時(shí)間或具體幾點(diǎn)。該類的題一般不會(huì)直接告訴我們時(shí)間，會(huì)涉及到時(shí)間的一些簡(jiǎn)單的加減運(yùn)算。要注意一些關(guān)鍵詞，如：a quarter (to/past), half (past), daily, weekly, fortnight等。
W: Bob, are you going straight home after school today?
M: No. I have a class until one o'clock, and after that I'm going to spend a couple of hours at the library before going home.
Q: When is Bob going home this afternoon?
A. Around 5:00. B. Around 3:00.
C. At 2:00. D. At 1:00.
本題的關(guān)鍵是until one o'clock，和to spend a couple of hours at the library before going home。
（2） 商品的價(jià)格。該類的題也涉及到一些簡(jiǎn)單的加減乘除運(yùn)算。要注意一些關(guān)鍵詞，如：10% off, discount, double, half the price, couple, pair, dozen, a real bargain, on sale，change等。尤其要注意單件商品的價(jià)格，買多件商品是否優(yōu)惠，找零，以及后的問題是說話人要付的錢、單件商品的價(jià)格、還是買若干商品需要付的錢。如：
W: Here's a ten-dollar bill. Give me two tickets for tonight's show, please.
M: Sure. Two tickets and here's a dollar forty cents change.
Q: How much does one ticket cost?
A. $ 8.60. B. $ 4.30
C. $ 6.40. D. $ 1.40
本題的關(guān)鍵是ten-dollar bill, two tickets, a dollar forty cents change.
4．人物的計(jì)劃或打算。 這類問題中第一個(gè)說話人往往會(huì)提出一種觀點(diǎn)或提議或建議，要仔細(xì)聽第二個(gè)說話人是同意還是反對(duì)。
（1） 第二個(gè)說話人同意第一個(gè)人的觀點(diǎn)或提議或建議
如：
W：You need a rest. You've finished your exams. So why don't you go away somewhere for a long weekend?
M: That's a good idea. Perhaps Monica will come with me.
Q: What will the man probably do?
A. To have a good rest. B. To see Monica.
C. To go abroad for the weekend. D. To take an exam.
本題的關(guān)鍵是That's a good idea，說明第二個(gè)說話人同意第一個(gè)說話人的觀點(diǎn)。
（2）第二個(gè)說話人不同意第一個(gè)人的觀點(diǎn)或提議或建議，大多數(shù)情況下是禮貌委婉地表達(dá)自己的不同意見，所以要特別注意：外語教育網(wǎng)版權(quán)所有www.for68.com
如：
M: Mary, would you like to go to the movies with me after dinner?
W: Well, I'll go if you really want me to, but I'm rather tired.
Q：What can we learn from the conversation?
The woman does not want to go to the movies.
The man is too tired to go to the movies.
The woman wants to go to the movies.
The man wants to go out for dinner.
本題的關(guān)鍵是…but…
5.人物的感覺狀態(tài)。除了根據(jù)說話人的語氣判斷之外，對(duì)話中出現(xiàn)的關(guān)鍵詞可能有：excited, disappointed, overjoyed, relieved, upset, unhappy, blue, depressed, relaxed, anxious, tense, worried，angry等。
如：
W: Weren't you nervous when the professor called on you in class?
M: I'd say I was shaking all over.
Q: How did the man feel when he was called on?
Worried and frightened.
Very relaxed
Quite unhappy.
Angry with the professor.
本題的關(guān)鍵是I was shaking all over.
6．交通或交通工具。該類的對(duì)話一般涉及交通工具晚點(diǎn)或交通出現(xiàn)了某些問題。
對(duì)于交通工具晚點(diǎn)的問題，有時(shí)會(huì)談?wù)撜c(diǎn)時(shí)間和推延的時(shí)間，然后再說原因。
這類題的關(guān)鍵詞是：be caught in a traffic jam, the rush hour, flat tire, break down, traffic accident, behind schedule, due等。
如：
W: I'm sorry, sir. The train is somewhat behind schedule. Take a seat, and I'll tell you as soon as we know something definite.
M: Thank you. I'll just sit here and read a magazine in the meantime.
Q: What can we conclude about the train from the conversation?
A. The train is crowded. B. The train is late.
C. The train is empty. D. The train is on time.
本題的關(guān)鍵是behind schedule.
7．請(qǐng)求或建議。表示請(qǐng)求的句型一般有：Can you…? Would you…? Would you mind …? 表示建議的句型一般有：If I were you, I'd … Shall we…? Why not…? Perhaps we should…. It would be better if…How about …?
如：外語教育網(wǎng)版權(quán)所有www.for68.com
M: Can I use your new car, Auntie?
W: Yes, of course, if you drive it carefully.
Q: What's the aunt's answer?
A. She agrees to lend him the car. B. She offers him the car.
C. She refused to lend him the car. D. She is pleased to lend him the car.
本題的關(guān)鍵是Yes, of course,雖然后面又附加了條件if you drive it carefully.
8．釋義、替換或上下義。該類對(duì)話的選項(xiàng)中會(huì)用單詞替換或解釋對(duì)話人表達(dá)的意思，同時(shí)考查聽力和詞匯。
如：
W: Have you finished reading my research report? I put it on your desk last week.
M: Yes, but you have to revise some parts of it, if you want to get it published.
Q: What does the man suggest that the woman should do?
A. Put her report on his desk.
B. Read some papers he recommended.
C. Mail her report to the publisher.
D. Improve some parts of her paper.
本題的關(guān)鍵是理解revise的同義詞是improve.
M: Nancy, why were you late today?
W: I overslept and missed the bus.
Q: Why was Nancy late?
A. She got up later than usual.B. The bus was late.
C. She forgot she had class.D. Her clock was slow.
overslept也就是got up later than usual。
有些題盡管問題可能問的是含義之類，但其實(shí)考查的是同學(xué)們對(duì)上下義關(guān)系的掌握。如：
M: Let me see. I've printed my family name, first name, date of birth and address. Anything else?
W: No, that's all right. We'll fill in the rest of it if you just sign your name at the bottom.
Q: What has the man been doing?
A. Having an interview. B. Filling out a form.
C. Talking with a friend.D. Asking for information.
上義詞為概括性詞語，下義詞所表示的則是具體的東西。本題中能夠概括男士所做之事的應(yīng)該是選項(xiàng)B。外語教育網(wǎng)版權(quán)所有www.for68.com
外語教育網(wǎng)四、六級(jí)輔導(dǎo)專家 梁海燕
要求
大學(xué)英語四級(jí)聽力要求學(xué)生掌握扎實(shí)的語言基本功（一定的詞匯量）,擁有良好的聽力習(xí)慣和技能,以及對(duì)相關(guān)學(xué)科的背景知識(shí)(如英美的歷史文化、風(fēng)俗習(xí)慣)的了解.在收聽材料的過程中能運(yùn)用這些能力來推斷演繹,得出正確的答案.外語教育網(wǎng)版權(quán)所有www.for68.com
注意事項(xiàng)
保持良好的心態(tài)，頭腦要冷靜，一個(gè)題聽不懂不要過多糾纏。
善于利用時(shí)間：
（1）播放考場(chǎng)指令時(shí)，題目說明和例句時(shí)
（2）題與題之間的13秒間隔利用好
閱讀選項(xiàng)，猜測(cè)談話話題和可能問的問題：聽前從所給的文字材料和答案選項(xiàng)等線索中發(fā)現(xiàn)一些背景信息，力求縮小談話者的話題，它能幫助考生搞清所聽內(nèi)容的類型和結(jié)構(gòu)甚至主題?？忌牭臅r(shí)候可避免過分注重每個(gè)單詞從而影響對(duì)全篇中心思想的理解?？忌鷳?yīng)搶時(shí)間閱讀試卷上的選項(xiàng)，爭(zhēng)取主動(dòng)，以便在聽音時(shí)有針對(duì)性。根據(jù)選項(xiàng)猜測(cè)問的是時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)、人物、金錢、還是計(jì)劃、打算、狀態(tài)等等。如：外語教育網(wǎng)版權(quán)所有www.for68.com
A. The professor spoke too fast.
B. The professor spoke with a strong accent.
C. The professor's lecture notes were too complicated.
D. The professor's presentation was not convincing enough
W: The presentation made by Professor Jackson was too complicated to understand.
M: Well, I think he didn't speak slowly enough for us to take notes.
Q: What's the man's complaint?
閱讀選項(xiàng)要一目十行，提高效率：聽力不像閱讀，它是單向性的、性的。時(shí)間有限，提高閱讀選項(xiàng)的速度。如：外語教育網(wǎng)版權(quán)所有www.for68.com
A. She read it slowly.
B. She read it selectively.
C. She finished it at a stretch.
D. She went over it chapter by chapter.
M: Have you finished reading the book you bought last month?
W: Oh, I didn't read it straight through the way you read a novel, I just covered a few chapters that interested me most.
Q: How did the woman read the book?
手耳并用，簡(jiǎn)單做筆記：錄音中的細(xì)節(jié)，如重要的數(shù)字、人物、地名等，僅大腦記憶很難完全記住。因此，考試中可以有目地的、有選擇的加以記錄，以便聽完錄音后能快速準(zhǔn)確的選出答案。
多做真題。十多年來的每年兩度的四級(jí)考試，光是真題就積累了幾十套了。這些真題的命題還是很有規(guī)律可循的。要找四級(jí)的感覺，就得多做真題。
聽力測(cè)試形式
大學(xué)英語四級(jí)聽力部分測(cè)試一般包括兩部分內(nèi)容 Section A和Section B，分別是以下三種形式：
1．簡(jiǎn)短對(duì)話部分：該部分一般是日常生活中的對(duì)話，即衣、食、住、行、工作、學(xué)習(xí)、生活等話題，場(chǎng)景可分為校園、公共場(chǎng)所（銀行、機(jī)場(chǎng)、醫(yī)院、郵局、交通工具等）、家庭、辦公室等方面。每題1分。
2．短文聽力部分：考三篇短文，一般是情節(jié)不太復(fù)雜的故事、講話、敘述、對(duì)話等，如動(dòng)物介紹、地區(qū)及大學(xué)情況介紹等。短文主要考查考生對(duì)文章大意、中心思想、重要細(xì)節(jié)的理解與領(lǐng)會(huì)，以及根據(jù)所獲取的相關(guān)信息，對(duì)文中的某些細(xì)節(jié)做出聯(lián)想、判斷，也有就短文中的某一事實(shí)和人物進(jìn)行提問的題目。每題1分。
3．復(fù)合式聽寫部分：近幾年四級(jí)考試的一個(gè)重要內(nèi)容，其目的是為了能夠客觀地檢測(cè)學(xué)生的聽力水平。它包括對(duì)理解能力（即"聽"）和一定的書面表達(dá)能力（即"寫"）這兩方面的測(cè)試。一般需要填十個(gè)空，前七個(gè)是單詞，每題0.5分，后三個(gè)是句子，每句2分或2.5分
一般來說，四級(jí)考試的聽力部分為第1和第2部分的搭配或第1與第3部分的搭配。
我們今天先來講第1部分：簡(jiǎn)短對(duì)聽力部分。對(duì)聽力考試中的對(duì)話的命題規(guī)律加以歸納,希望對(duì)考生有一些幫助.外語教育網(wǎng)版權(quán)所有www.for68.com
簡(jiǎn)短對(duì)話的形式：一般是男士說一句，女士說一句，然后根據(jù)他們的對(duì)話內(nèi)容由第三方提出一個(gè)問題。該部分一般是日常生活中的對(duì)話，即衣、食、住、行、工作、學(xué)習(xí)、生活等話題，場(chǎng)景可分為校園、公共場(chǎng)所（銀行、機(jī)場(chǎng)、醫(yī)院等）、家庭、辦公室等方面。每題1分。
簡(jiǎn)短對(duì)話的類型：按照簡(jiǎn)短對(duì)話的內(nèi)容或句型，我們可以把該部分分為以下類型：
問對(duì)話發(fā)生的地點(diǎn)和場(chǎng)所：
Where does the conversation most probably take place?
Where does this conversation most likely occur?
Where are the two speakers?
不同的場(chǎng)景下人們交談?dòng)谜Z也不同，例如：
校園：campus, dorm, library (renew the books, overdue, pay a fine, bookshelf), lab, canteen, roommate, professor, semester, term, pass, fail, exam, course, credit, resume，tutor, graduate, presentation, speech, report, lecture, paper, scholarship等。
銀行：open an account, cash the check, buy traveler's check, ATM, draw/deposit money, balance, savings等。
餐館：menu, a table for two, a table in the corner/by the window, full, on diet, treat, order, course, salad, wine, dessert，waiter, reserve, take order等。
機(jī)場(chǎng)：board, flight, gate number, check in, boarding pass, seat-belt等。
交通：due to arrive, fast train, non-stop train, xx minutes late, postpone, delay, break down, traffic jam, flat tire, speeding, pay a fine等。
醫(yī)院：Do you have an appointment?
What's the matter with you?
take one's temperature, have a fever, have a sore throat, keep coughing, toothache, headache, physician, surgeon, doctor, nurse, operation-room, emergency room, ward, visiting hours, prescribe, pill, capsule等。
郵局：business hours, parcel, postage, letter, stamp等。
家庭：darling, sweet heart之類的比較親近的稱謂語，watch TV, fix the washing machine,grocery, mow the lawn, sofa, kitchen, dining-room, have a bath等。
旅館：check in/out, make a reservation, register, reception desk等。
找房子：價(jià)格高，太吵，難找．
這樣的問題的答案選項(xiàng)一般是由介詞in或at后面加一個(gè)地點(diǎn)構(gòu)成的。外語教育網(wǎng)版權(quán)所有www.for68.com
如：
M: How many hours are you taking this semester?
W: Eighteen, plus two hours of lab.
Q: Where does the conversation most probably take place?
A. In a restaurant. B. In a bank.
C. At an office. D. In a university.
該題的關(guān)鍵詞是semester和lab.
提問人物關(guān)系或人物的身份：此類對(duì)話提供一個(gè)情節(jié)，能反映所涉及的人的關(guān)系或身份，關(guān)鍵詞可以參考第1點(diǎn)中列出的。
（1） 問人物的關(guān)系:
What's the probable relationship between the two speakers?
如：
M: Good evening, Madam. There is a table for two over there. This way, please.
W: Thank you. Could I see the menu, please?
Q: What's the relationship between the man and woman?
A. Husband and wife. B. Waiter and customer.
C. Salesman and customer. D. Host and guest.
該題的關(guān)鍵詞是menu和Madam.
（2） 問人物的職業(yè)身份：Who is the man/the woman?
如：
M: According to your ad in this morning's paper, you have an apartment for rent.
W: Yes, I have. It's on the second floor. Would you like to have a look? Come this way, please.
Q: Who is the woman?
A. A bank clerk. B. A secretary.
C. A landlady. D. A doctor.
該題的關(guān)鍵詞是an apartment for rent和ad.
計(jì)算類。一般涉及時(shí)間和價(jià)錢的運(yùn)算。外語教育網(wǎng)版權(quán)所有www.for68.com
（1）問活動(dòng)發(fā)生的時(shí)間或具體幾點(diǎn)。該類的題一般不會(huì)直接告訴我們時(shí)間，會(huì)涉及到時(shí)間的一些簡(jiǎn)單的加減運(yùn)算。要注意一些關(guān)鍵詞，如：a quarter (to/past), half (past), daily, weekly, fortnight等。
W: Bob, are you going straight home after school today?
M: No. I have a class until one o'clock, and after that I'm going to spend a couple of hours at the library before going home.
Q: When is Bob going home this afternoon?
A. Around 5:00. B. Around 3:00.
C. At 2:00. D. At 1:00.
本題的關(guān)鍵是until one o'clock，和to spend a couple of hours at the library before going home。
（2） 商品的價(jià)格。該類的題也涉及到一些簡(jiǎn)單的加減乘除運(yùn)算。要注意一些關(guān)鍵詞，如：10% off, discount, double, half the price, couple, pair, dozen, a real bargain, on sale，change等。尤其要注意單件商品的價(jià)格，買多件商品是否優(yōu)惠，找零，以及后的問題是說話人要付的錢、單件商品的價(jià)格、還是買若干商品需要付的錢。如：
W: Here's a ten-dollar bill. Give me two tickets for tonight's show, please.
M: Sure. Two tickets and here's a dollar forty cents change.
Q: How much does one ticket cost?
A. $ 8.60. B. $ 4.30
C. $ 6.40. D. $ 1.40
本題的關(guān)鍵是ten-dollar bill, two tickets, a dollar forty cents change.
4．人物的計(jì)劃或打算。 這類問題中第一個(gè)說話人往往會(huì)提出一種觀點(diǎn)或提議或建議，要仔細(xì)聽第二個(gè)說話人是同意還是反對(duì)。
（1） 第二個(gè)說話人同意第一個(gè)人的觀點(diǎn)或提議或建議
如：
W：You need a rest. You've finished your exams. So why don't you go away somewhere for a long weekend?
M: That's a good idea. Perhaps Monica will come with me.
Q: What will the man probably do?
A. To have a good rest. B. To see Monica.
C. To go abroad for the weekend. D. To take an exam.
本題的關(guān)鍵是That's a good idea，說明第二個(gè)說話人同意第一個(gè)說話人的觀點(diǎn)。
（2）第二個(gè)說話人不同意第一個(gè)人的觀點(diǎn)或提議或建議，大多數(shù)情況下是禮貌委婉地表達(dá)自己的不同意見，所以要特別注意：外語教育網(wǎng)版權(quán)所有www.for68.com
如：
M: Mary, would you like to go to the movies with me after dinner?
W: Well, I'll go if you really want me to, but I'm rather tired.
Q：What can we learn from the conversation?
The woman does not want to go to the movies.
The man is too tired to go to the movies.
The woman wants to go to the movies.
The man wants to go out for dinner.
本題的關(guān)鍵是…but…
5.人物的感覺狀態(tài)。除了根據(jù)說話人的語氣判斷之外，對(duì)話中出現(xiàn)的關(guān)鍵詞可能有：excited, disappointed, overjoyed, relieved, upset, unhappy, blue, depressed, relaxed, anxious, tense, worried，angry等。
如：
W: Weren't you nervous when the professor called on you in class?
M: I'd say I was shaking all over.
Q: How did the man feel when he was called on?
Worried and frightened.
Very relaxed
Quite unhappy.
Angry with the professor.
本題的關(guān)鍵是I was shaking all over.
6．交通或交通工具。該類的對(duì)話一般涉及交通工具晚點(diǎn)或交通出現(xiàn)了某些問題。
對(duì)于交通工具晚點(diǎn)的問題，有時(shí)會(huì)談?wù)撜c(diǎn)時(shí)間和推延的時(shí)間，然后再說原因。
這類題的關(guān)鍵詞是：be caught in a traffic jam, the rush hour, flat tire, break down, traffic accident, behind schedule, due等。
如：
W: I'm sorry, sir. The train is somewhat behind schedule. Take a seat, and I'll tell you as soon as we know something definite.
M: Thank you. I'll just sit here and read a magazine in the meantime.
Q: What can we conclude about the train from the conversation?
A. The train is crowded. B. The train is late.
C. The train is empty. D. The train is on time.
本題的關(guān)鍵是behind schedule.
7．請(qǐng)求或建議。表示請(qǐng)求的句型一般有：Can you…? Would you…? Would you mind …? 表示建議的句型一般有：If I were you, I'd … Shall we…? Why not…? Perhaps we should…. It would be better if…How about …?
如：外語教育網(wǎng)版權(quán)所有www.for68.com
M: Can I use your new car, Auntie?
W: Yes, of course, if you drive it carefully.
Q: What's the aunt's answer?
A. She agrees to lend him the car. B. She offers him the car.
C. She refused to lend him the car. D. She is pleased to lend him the car.
本題的關(guān)鍵是Yes, of course,雖然后面又附加了條件if you drive it carefully.
8．釋義、替換或上下義。該類對(duì)話的選項(xiàng)中會(huì)用單詞替換或解釋對(duì)話人表達(dá)的意思，同時(shí)考查聽力和詞匯。
如：
W: Have you finished reading my research report? I put it on your desk last week.
M: Yes, but you have to revise some parts of it, if you want to get it published.
Q: What does the man suggest that the woman should do?
A. Put her report on his desk.
B. Read some papers he recommended.
C. Mail her report to the publisher.
D. Improve some parts of her paper.
本題的關(guān)鍵是理解revise的同義詞是improve.
M: Nancy, why were you late today?
W: I overslept and missed the bus.
Q: Why was Nancy late?
A. She got up later than usual.B. The bus was late.
C. She forgot she had class.D. Her clock was slow.
overslept也就是got up later than usual。
有些題盡管問題可能問的是含義之類，但其實(shí)考查的是同學(xué)們對(duì)上下義關(guān)系的掌握。如：
M: Let me see. I've printed my family name, first name, date of birth and address. Anything else?
W: No, that's all right. We'll fill in the rest of it if you just sign your name at the bottom.
Q: What has the man been doing?
A. Having an interview. B. Filling out a form.
C. Talking with a friend.D. Asking for information.
上義詞為概括性詞語，下義詞所表示的則是具體的東西。本題中能夠概括男士所做之事的應(yīng)該是選項(xiàng)B。外語教育網(wǎng)版權(quán)所有www.for68.com