馬丘比丘

字號(hào):

Located 112km (70 miles) northwest of Cusco and constructed as a refuge against the Spanish in the 16th century, Machu Picchu is the most spectacular and best known Inca site in South America.
     Although it is now of great spiritual and cultural significance to millions of Peruvians, its existence was known only to a few locals until American explorer Hiram Bingham happened upon it on July 24 1911. Machu Picchu also possesses the last Inihuatana (sundial) remaining in South America.
     Located within an incredible cloud forest, the site marks a fitting and dramatic conclusion to the end of the Inca Trail. Due to high number of visitors, a limited number of trekking permits are issued each day and must be applied for in advance.
     Note:
     馬丘比丘古廟位于一座非常美麗的高山上, 海拔兩千四百三十米, 為熱帶叢林所包圍。 該廟可能是印加帝國(guó)全盛時(shí)期最輝煌的城市建筑,那巨大的城墻,臺(tái)楷,扶手都好像是在懸崖絕壁自然形成的一樣。
     出現(xiàn)于15世紀(jì)的馬丘比丘原為一個(gè)崇拜太陽(yáng)并有著神秘的宗教儀式民族的居住地,在那里,女人大大多于男人。馬丘比丘——意為"古老的山巔",位于烏魯班巴河上方457米的秘魯境內(nèi)的安第斯山上,它像個(gè)巨人,棲息在兩座山巒間的馬鞍形的山脊上,那里曾是個(gè)宗教活動(dòng)之地,又因世人無(wú)法得知其原始的名字,故借其附近一座山脈之稱而得此名。
     這里與其說是個(gè)城市,不如說是個(gè)宗教活動(dòng)的了聚集地。它建成的年代尚是個(gè)未知數(shù),不過很可能是建于15世紀(jì)末,印加帝國(guó)向外擴(kuò)張勢(shì)力的鼎盛時(shí)期。有人估計(jì)說這里至少居住1500人。從挖掘出的頭骨,能推斷其女性人數(shù)與男性人數(shù)的比例為10:1,這一點(diǎn)支持了下述的推測(cè):這里曾是個(gè)宗教祭奠活動(dòng)的場(chǎng)所,這里的人們崇拜太陽(yáng),因?yàn)榕吮灰暈樘?yáng)的貞女。