（一）句子構(gòu)成
句子構(gòu)成的成分共分為九種：主語(yǔ)，謂語(yǔ)，賓語(yǔ)，表語(yǔ)，定語(yǔ)，狀語(yǔ)，補(bǔ)語(yǔ)，同位語(yǔ)和插入語(yǔ)。
一、主語(yǔ)
句子的核心主體，通常位于謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞之前，表明一個(gè)句子是誰(shuí)或何種情況所發(fā)出執(zhí)行或是承受的。在寫(xiě)作中常做主語(yǔ)的有名詞、代詞、主語(yǔ)從句、V-ing、To do五種。
1. 名詞：Computersare now being widely used in almost all fields.
2. 代詞：Weare now living in an information-explosion era.
3. 主語(yǔ)從句：Whether sports stars should earn a high salaryis still discussed heatedly.
4. V-ing:Surfing the Internetoffers a new way for people to relax themselves.
5. To do:To protect the environmentis everybody's business.
二、謂語(yǔ)
描述或闡述主語(yǔ)的情況，由動(dòng)詞來(lái)充當(dāng)，常位于主語(yǔ)之后。
1. 表狀態(tài)用系動(dòng)詞：As I see it, movie stars'earning a high salaryisunfair and unjustified.
2. 表動(dòng)作用及物或不及物動(dòng)詞：The Internethas revolutionizedpeople's way of life. Tastediffers.
3. 表?yè)碛校喝嘶蛭飼r(shí)用：have has無(wú)生命的東西：there be
Peoplehavedifferent views on this question.
There isno absolute agreement on this question.
4. 情態(tài)動(dòng)詞＋動(dòng)詞原形：
In this way, teacherscan never be replacedby computers.
三、賓語(yǔ)
及物動(dòng)詞或介詞所指向的對(duì)象。在寫(xiě)作中常做賓語(yǔ)的有名詞、賓語(yǔ)從句、復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)、V-ing、To do五種。
1. 名詞作賓語(yǔ)：International tourism promotesthe economic development.
2. 賓語(yǔ)從句作賓語(yǔ)：Some people holdthat air travel should be restricted.
3. 復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)：The advanced medical technology has madeit possible for people to live longer than ever possible before.
4. V-ing: Nobody can avoidbeing influencedby media.
5. To do: Some people wantto work for a big companywhile others chooseto work for a small one.
四、表語(yǔ)
接在系動(dòng)詞后，補(bǔ)充說(shuō)明主語(yǔ)的情況又稱(chēng)為主語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)。在寫(xiě)作中常做表語(yǔ)的有名詞、形容詞、V-ing、To do、從句五種。
1. 名詞：The environmental problem isa serious problemin modern society.
2. 形容詞：Time isfleetingand art islong.
3. V-ing: The argument isconvincing.
4. To do: A possible solution isto set down effective laws.
5. 從句：One advantage of computers'utilized in education isthat they can enrich the traditional teaching method to a great extent.
五、定語(yǔ)
修飾名詞或類(lèi)似于名詞的詞。一般翻譯為“…………的”，表示事物性質(zhì)或狀態(tài)，分為前置或后置。在寫(xiě)作中常做定語(yǔ)的有形容詞、名詞、V-ing、To do、從句五種。
1. 形容詞：Taking part-time jobs exertsprofoundimpacts on one's future career development.
2. 名詞：Generationgap is now a problem we have to face.
名詞做定語(yǔ)（名詞修飾名詞重要原則：第一個(gè)名詞一般用單數(shù) 以下為雅思寫(xiě)作常用名詞修飾名詞詞組）
1. Information technology
2. Information center
3. Credit card
4. Generation gap
5. Beauty contest
6. Communication skills
7. Information age
8. Knowledge economy
9. Peace talks
10. Service industry
11. Water scarcity
12. Survival skills
13. Press conference
14. Safety standard
15. Life insurance
16. Weather forecast
17. Reception desk
18. Coffee break
19. Body guard
20. Heart attack
21. Department store
22. Stock market
23. Office building
24. Science fiction
3. V-ing:Clearly, we are now living in anupdatingsociety and the world is now witnessing somebreath-takingchanges.
4. To do: Studying abroad provides students with a good opportunityto experience a totally different culture.
5. 定語(yǔ)從句：That is a good bookwhich is opened with expectation and closed with profit.
六、狀語(yǔ)
修飾動(dòng)詞、形容詞、副詞或整句的詞或句。按照功能分十一種：時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)、原因、目的、結(jié)果、方式、條件、讓步、比較、伴隨、評(píng)注。在寫(xiě)作中常做狀語(yǔ)的有副詞 、狀語(yǔ)從句 、狀語(yǔ)從句省略結(jié)構(gòu) 、To do、V-ing、V-ed
從句六種：
1. 副詞 ：Honestly, I cannot give a yes-no answer to this question.
2. 狀語(yǔ)從句 ：Where there is an open mind, there will always be frontier.
3. 狀語(yǔ)從句省略結(jié)構(gòu) ：If so, the conclusion still remains questionable.
4. To do：To solve this problem, people think up various solutions.
5. V-ing：Technology is developing by leaps and bounds,making it possible for people to live better than ever before.
6. V-ed：Encouraged to do so, children will experience better development.
七、補(bǔ)語(yǔ)
主語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)（補(bǔ)充說(shuō)明主語(yǔ)的情況，又稱(chēng)表語(yǔ)）、賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)（補(bǔ)充說(shuō)明賓語(yǔ)的情況）在寫(xiě)作中常做賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)的有形容詞和To do 兩種。
1. 形容詞：Many people find this experienceawful.
2. To do: Advertisements often urge peopleto buy goods they do not need.
八、同位語(yǔ)
句子中的兩種成份表達(dá)同一種概念，即A=B稱(chēng)之為同位語(yǔ)。在寫(xiě)作中常做同位語(yǔ)的有名詞和從句兩種。
1. 名詞：We should learn from the past,the mirror of the present and the hope of the future.
2. 從句：University students should bear total expenses for their tuition on the generalizationthat university students usually earn much more than people without a degree.
九、插入語(yǔ)
插入語(yǔ)是說(shuō)話者對(duì)所表達(dá)意思的補(bǔ)充、強(qiáng)調(diào)、解釋或者說(shuō)話的態(tài)度，其位置靈活，常常用逗號(hào)或破折號(hào)與其它成分隔開(kāi)，并且在語(yǔ)法上不影響其他成分。書(shū)面表達(dá)要求語(yǔ)言連貫、地道，恰當(dāng)使用插入語(yǔ)，可以給文章增色不少。在寫(xiě)作中常用的插入語(yǔ)如下。
1. Indeed的確
2. Surely無(wú)疑
3. However然而
4. Obviously顯然
5. Frankly坦率地說(shuō)
6. Naturally自然
7. Luckily （或happily）for somebody,算某人幸運(yùn)
8. Fortunately/Luckily幸好
9. Honestly真的
10. Briefly簡(jiǎn)單地說(shuō)
11. Strange to say說(shuō)也奇怪
12. Needless to say不用說(shuō)
13. Most important of all最為重要是
14. Worse still更糟糕的是
15. Ina few words（或in sum，in short）簡(jiǎn)而言之
16. Inother words換句話說(shuō)
待續(xù)……
句子構(gòu)成的成分共分為九種：主語(yǔ)，謂語(yǔ)，賓語(yǔ)，表語(yǔ)，定語(yǔ)，狀語(yǔ)，補(bǔ)語(yǔ)，同位語(yǔ)和插入語(yǔ)。
一、主語(yǔ)
句子的核心主體，通常位于謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞之前，表明一個(gè)句子是誰(shuí)或何種情況所發(fā)出執(zhí)行或是承受的。在寫(xiě)作中常做主語(yǔ)的有名詞、代詞、主語(yǔ)從句、V-ing、To do五種。
1. 名詞：Computersare now being widely used in almost all fields.
2. 代詞：Weare now living in an information-explosion era.
3. 主語(yǔ)從句：Whether sports stars should earn a high salaryis still discussed heatedly.
4. V-ing:Surfing the Internetoffers a new way for people to relax themselves.
5. To do:To protect the environmentis everybody's business.
二、謂語(yǔ)
描述或闡述主語(yǔ)的情況，由動(dòng)詞來(lái)充當(dāng)，常位于主語(yǔ)之后。
1. 表狀態(tài)用系動(dòng)詞：As I see it, movie stars'earning a high salaryisunfair and unjustified.
2. 表動(dòng)作用及物或不及物動(dòng)詞：The Internethas revolutionizedpeople's way of life. Tastediffers.
3. 表?yè)碛校喝嘶蛭飼r(shí)用：have has無(wú)生命的東西：there be
Peoplehavedifferent views on this question.
There isno absolute agreement on this question.
4. 情態(tài)動(dòng)詞＋動(dòng)詞原形：
In this way, teacherscan never be replacedby computers.
三、賓語(yǔ)
及物動(dòng)詞或介詞所指向的對(duì)象。在寫(xiě)作中常做賓語(yǔ)的有名詞、賓語(yǔ)從句、復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)、V-ing、To do五種。
1. 名詞作賓語(yǔ)：International tourism promotesthe economic development.
2. 賓語(yǔ)從句作賓語(yǔ)：Some people holdthat air travel should be restricted.
3. 復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)：The advanced medical technology has madeit possible for people to live longer than ever possible before.
4. V-ing: Nobody can avoidbeing influencedby media.
5. To do: Some people wantto work for a big companywhile others chooseto work for a small one.
四、表語(yǔ)
接在系動(dòng)詞后，補(bǔ)充說(shuō)明主語(yǔ)的情況又稱(chēng)為主語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)。在寫(xiě)作中常做表語(yǔ)的有名詞、形容詞、V-ing、To do、從句五種。
1. 名詞：The environmental problem isa serious problemin modern society.
2. 形容詞：Time isfleetingand art islong.
3. V-ing: The argument isconvincing.
4. To do: A possible solution isto set down effective laws.
5. 從句：One advantage of computers'utilized in education isthat they can enrich the traditional teaching method to a great extent.
五、定語(yǔ)
修飾名詞或類(lèi)似于名詞的詞。一般翻譯為“…………的”，表示事物性質(zhì)或狀態(tài)，分為前置或后置。在寫(xiě)作中常做定語(yǔ)的有形容詞、名詞、V-ing、To do、從句五種。
1. 形容詞：Taking part-time jobs exertsprofoundimpacts on one's future career development.
2. 名詞：Generationgap is now a problem we have to face.
名詞做定語(yǔ)（名詞修飾名詞重要原則：第一個(gè)名詞一般用單數(shù) 以下為雅思寫(xiě)作常用名詞修飾名詞詞組）
1. Information technology
2. Information center
3. Credit card
4. Generation gap
5. Beauty contest
6. Communication skills
7. Information age
8. Knowledge economy
9. Peace talks
10. Service industry
11. Water scarcity
12. Survival skills
13. Press conference
14. Safety standard
15. Life insurance
16. Weather forecast
17. Reception desk
18. Coffee break
19. Body guard
20. Heart attack
21. Department store
22. Stock market
23. Office building
24. Science fiction
3. V-ing:Clearly, we are now living in anupdatingsociety and the world is now witnessing somebreath-takingchanges.
4. To do: Studying abroad provides students with a good opportunityto experience a totally different culture.
5. 定語(yǔ)從句：That is a good bookwhich is opened with expectation and closed with profit.
六、狀語(yǔ)
修飾動(dòng)詞、形容詞、副詞或整句的詞或句。按照功能分十一種：時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)、原因、目的、結(jié)果、方式、條件、讓步、比較、伴隨、評(píng)注。在寫(xiě)作中常做狀語(yǔ)的有副詞 、狀語(yǔ)從句 、狀語(yǔ)從句省略結(jié)構(gòu) 、To do、V-ing、V-ed
從句六種：
1. 副詞 ：Honestly, I cannot give a yes-no answer to this question.
2. 狀語(yǔ)從句 ：Where there is an open mind, there will always be frontier.
3. 狀語(yǔ)從句省略結(jié)構(gòu) ：If so, the conclusion still remains questionable.
4. To do：To solve this problem, people think up various solutions.
5. V-ing：Technology is developing by leaps and bounds,making it possible for people to live better than ever before.
6. V-ed：Encouraged to do so, children will experience better development.
七、補(bǔ)語(yǔ)
主語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)（補(bǔ)充說(shuō)明主語(yǔ)的情況，又稱(chēng)表語(yǔ)）、賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)（補(bǔ)充說(shuō)明賓語(yǔ)的情況）在寫(xiě)作中常做賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)的有形容詞和To do 兩種。
1. 形容詞：Many people find this experienceawful.
2. To do: Advertisements often urge peopleto buy goods they do not need.
八、同位語(yǔ)
句子中的兩種成份表達(dá)同一種概念，即A=B稱(chēng)之為同位語(yǔ)。在寫(xiě)作中常做同位語(yǔ)的有名詞和從句兩種。
1. 名詞：We should learn from the past,the mirror of the present and the hope of the future.
2. 從句：University students should bear total expenses for their tuition on the generalizationthat university students usually earn much more than people without a degree.
九、插入語(yǔ)
插入語(yǔ)是說(shuō)話者對(duì)所表達(dá)意思的補(bǔ)充、強(qiáng)調(diào)、解釋或者說(shuō)話的態(tài)度，其位置靈活，常常用逗號(hào)或破折號(hào)與其它成分隔開(kāi)，并且在語(yǔ)法上不影響其他成分。書(shū)面表達(dá)要求語(yǔ)言連貫、地道，恰當(dāng)使用插入語(yǔ)，可以給文章增色不少。在寫(xiě)作中常用的插入語(yǔ)如下。
1. Indeed的確
2. Surely無(wú)疑
3. However然而
4. Obviously顯然
5. Frankly坦率地說(shuō)
6. Naturally自然
7. Luckily （或happily）for somebody,算某人幸運(yùn)
8. Fortunately/Luckily幸好
9. Honestly真的
10. Briefly簡(jiǎn)單地說(shuō)
11. Strange to say說(shuō)也奇怪
12. Needless to say不用說(shuō)
13. Most important of all最為重要是
14. Worse still更糟糕的是
15. Ina few words（或in sum，in short）簡(jiǎn)而言之
16. Inother words換句話說(shuō)
待續(xù)……