Text 3
American Indians played a central role in the war known as the American Revolution. To them, however, the dispute between the colonists and England was peripheral (邊緣的). For American Indians the conflict was a war for American Indian independence, and whichever side they chose they lost it. Mary Brant was a powerful influence among the Iroquois. She was a Mohawk, the leader of the society of all Iroquois matrons, and the widow of Sir William Johnson, Superintendent of Indian Affairs. Her brother, Joseph Brant, is the best-known American Indian warrior of the Revolution, yet she may have exerted even more influence in the Confederacy than he did .She used her influence to keep the western tribes of Iroquois loyal to the English king, George Ⅲ.When the colonists won the war, she and her tribe had to abandon their lands-and retreat to Canada. On the other side, Nancy Ward held positions of authority in the Cherokee nation. She had fought as a warrior in the war against the Greeks and as a reward for her heroism was made “Beloved Woman” of the tribe. This office made her chief of the women’s council and a member of the council of chiefs. She was friendly with the White settlers and supported the Patriots during the Revolution. Yet the Cherokees too lost their land.
11. What is the main point the author makes in the passage?
A. Siding with the English in the Revolution helped American Indians regain their land.
B. At the time of the Revolution, the Superintendent of Indian Affairs had little power.
C. Regardless of whom they supported in the Revolution, American Indians lost their land.
D. The outcome of the Revolution was largely determined by American Indian women.
12. According to the passage, Mary Brant’s husband had been a _________ .
A. government official B. Mohawk chief
C. revolutionary hero D. Cherokee council member
13.To which tribe did Nancy Ward belong?
A. Mohawk. B. Iroquois. C. Cherokee. D. Greek.
14. How did Nancy Ward gain her position of authority?
A. By bravery in battle. B. By marriage to a chief.
C. By joining the Confederacy. D. By being born into a powerful family.
15. According to the passage, what did Mary Brant and Nancy Ward have in common?
A. Each was called “Beloved Woman” by her tribe.
B. Each influenced her tribe’s role in the American Revolution.
C. Each lost a brother in the American Revolution.
D. Each went to England after the American Revolution.
11.【答案】C
【解析】這一段的中心意思是：無論美洲印第安人在美國革命戰(zhàn)爭中支持誰，最終他們都失去了他們自己的土地。文中舉了兩個例子來說明這一觀點。
12.【答案】A
【解析】在第五句作者介紹說：Mary Brant 是Mohawk 整個Iroquios部落的首領(lǐng)，是印第安事務(wù)主管Sir William Johnson 的遺孀。這說明Mary Brant的丈夫曾是政府官員。
13.【答案】C
【解析】在第九句作者講到：Nancy Ward 在Cherokee民族掌權(quán)。這說明她是屬Cherokee部族。
14.【答案】A （北京安通學(xué)校提供）
【解析】在第十句講到：Nancy Ward 在與希臘的交戰(zhàn)中作戰(zhàn)勇猛，作為對她的女英雄行為的獎賞，她成了“Beloved Woman” (“受人愛戴的女人”)。這個職位使她成了婦女協(xié)會的頭領(lǐng)及首領(lǐng)委員會的一個成員。由此可知Nancy Ward是通過她的勇敢獲得她的職位的。
15.【答案】B
【解析】這道題的題意為：Mary Brant 和Nancy Ward有何共性。作者舉這兩個例子最終要說明的是，無論印第安人是支持英殖民者還是支持美國，最終都沒有得到應(yīng)有的待遇。這兩位領(lǐng)袖人物的行為說明她們各自都用自己的行為影響了各自部落在革命戰(zhàn)爭中的作用。
Text 4
James Joyce was an Irish novelist who revolutionized the methods of depicting characters and developing a plot in modern fiction. His astonishing way of constructing a novel, his frank portrayal of human nature in his books, and his complete command of English have made him one of the outstanding influences on literature in the 20th Century. Many critics judge that he is second only to Shakespeare in his mastery of the English language. Joyce was deeply influenced by Ireland and wrote all his books about Dublin.
When he was in DublinCollege, he studied languages and spent his spare time reading books. He refused to take part in the nationalist movement like his fellow students, but he became passionately interested in literature. He wrote outspoken articles of literary criticism that shocked his teachers and even taught himself Norwegian so that he could read Ibsen’s works in the original.
When he graduated in 1902, he knew he would become a writer and an exile, because he felt he could not be one without the other. In order to preserve his ideal of writing truthfully, fully, and as objectively as he knew how, about the people and places he knew best, he had to escape from all temptations to become involved in popular opinion or public life. He went to France, Italy and Switzerland, where he lived in poverty and obscurity for the first 20 years, only returning to Ireland when his mother was dying. Except for a couple of brief trips, he stayed abroad all his life.
16. James Joyce was first of all a ___________.
A. revolutionary B. critic C. novelist D. exile
17. James Joyce was famous for many reasons EXCEPT ___________.
A. his way of constructing a novel B. his frank portrayal of human nature
C. his complete command of English D. his passion in literature
18. “He is second only to Shakespeare” is a comment on his _________.
A. achievement in literature B. achievement in the nationalist movement
C. achievement in his study of languages D. mastery of the English language
19. How many examples are used to show his passion in literature?
A. 2. B. 3. C. 1. D. 4.
20. Why did James Joyce stay abroad almost all his life?
A. Because he wanted to live in poverty and obscurity.
B. Because he wanted to write the people and places he knew best.
C. Because he wanted to escape from all temptations to become involved in popular opinion or public life.
D. Because he wanted to preserve his ideal of writing truthfully, fully and objectively about the people and the places he knew best.
16.【答案】C（北京安通學(xué)校提供）
【解析】文章第一句就已告訴我們他是一位小說家。
17.【答案】D
【解析】他成為二十世紀對文學(xué)產(chǎn)生深遠影響的人物之一，是由于他的小說的獨特構(gòu)造，他對人性的率直描寫及他對英語的完全掌握，即A、B、C，只有D不是他聞名于 世的原因，因此D為正確答案。
18.【答案】D
【解析】“in his mastery of the English language”表明范圍、方面，即在英語語言的掌握方面僅次于莎士比亞，本文沒有具體提到他對文學(xué)的貢獻或他學(xué)習(xí)的成績，他沒有參加民族運動，不可能在這方面有什么貢獻，因此D為正確答案。
19.【答案】A
【解析】第二段提到他沉迷于文學(xué)，然后用兩個例子進一步說明：他寫的非常大膽的文學(xué)評論文章讓他的老師大為吃驚，他甚至自學(xué)挪威語以便閱讀易卜生原著。
20.【答案】D
【解析】James Joyce幾乎一生都住在國外是因為他想保護他的寫作理想，即真實、完整、客觀地寫他最為熟知的人物和地方。
American Indians played a central role in the war known as the American Revolution. To them, however, the dispute between the colonists and England was peripheral (邊緣的). For American Indians the conflict was a war for American Indian independence, and whichever side they chose they lost it. Mary Brant was a powerful influence among the Iroquois. She was a Mohawk, the leader of the society of all Iroquois matrons, and the widow of Sir William Johnson, Superintendent of Indian Affairs. Her brother, Joseph Brant, is the best-known American Indian warrior of the Revolution, yet she may have exerted even more influence in the Confederacy than he did .She used her influence to keep the western tribes of Iroquois loyal to the English king, George Ⅲ.When the colonists won the war, she and her tribe had to abandon their lands-and retreat to Canada. On the other side, Nancy Ward held positions of authority in the Cherokee nation. She had fought as a warrior in the war against the Greeks and as a reward for her heroism was made “Beloved Woman” of the tribe. This office made her chief of the women’s council and a member of the council of chiefs. She was friendly with the White settlers and supported the Patriots during the Revolution. Yet the Cherokees too lost their land.
11. What is the main point the author makes in the passage?
A. Siding with the English in the Revolution helped American Indians regain their land.
B. At the time of the Revolution, the Superintendent of Indian Affairs had little power.
C. Regardless of whom they supported in the Revolution, American Indians lost their land.
D. The outcome of the Revolution was largely determined by American Indian women.
12. According to the passage, Mary Brant’s husband had been a _________ .
A. government official B. Mohawk chief
C. revolutionary hero D. Cherokee council member
13.To which tribe did Nancy Ward belong?
A. Mohawk. B. Iroquois. C. Cherokee. D. Greek.
14. How did Nancy Ward gain her position of authority?
A. By bravery in battle. B. By marriage to a chief.
C. By joining the Confederacy. D. By being born into a powerful family.
15. According to the passage, what did Mary Brant and Nancy Ward have in common?
A. Each was called “Beloved Woman” by her tribe.
B. Each influenced her tribe’s role in the American Revolution.
C. Each lost a brother in the American Revolution.
D. Each went to England after the American Revolution.
11.【答案】C
【解析】這一段的中心意思是：無論美洲印第安人在美國革命戰(zhàn)爭中支持誰，最終他們都失去了他們自己的土地。文中舉了兩個例子來說明這一觀點。
12.【答案】A
【解析】在第五句作者介紹說：Mary Brant 是Mohawk 整個Iroquios部落的首領(lǐng)，是印第安事務(wù)主管Sir William Johnson 的遺孀。這說明Mary Brant的丈夫曾是政府官員。
13.【答案】C
【解析】在第九句作者講到：Nancy Ward 在Cherokee民族掌權(quán)。這說明她是屬Cherokee部族。
14.【答案】A （北京安通學(xué)校提供）
【解析】在第十句講到：Nancy Ward 在與希臘的交戰(zhàn)中作戰(zhàn)勇猛，作為對她的女英雄行為的獎賞，她成了“Beloved Woman” (“受人愛戴的女人”)。這個職位使她成了婦女協(xié)會的頭領(lǐng)及首領(lǐng)委員會的一個成員。由此可知Nancy Ward是通過她的勇敢獲得她的職位的。
15.【答案】B
【解析】這道題的題意為：Mary Brant 和Nancy Ward有何共性。作者舉這兩個例子最終要說明的是，無論印第安人是支持英殖民者還是支持美國，最終都沒有得到應(yīng)有的待遇。這兩位領(lǐng)袖人物的行為說明她們各自都用自己的行為影響了各自部落在革命戰(zhàn)爭中的作用。
Text 4
James Joyce was an Irish novelist who revolutionized the methods of depicting characters and developing a plot in modern fiction. His astonishing way of constructing a novel, his frank portrayal of human nature in his books, and his complete command of English have made him one of the outstanding influences on literature in the 20th Century. Many critics judge that he is second only to Shakespeare in his mastery of the English language. Joyce was deeply influenced by Ireland and wrote all his books about Dublin.
When he was in DublinCollege, he studied languages and spent his spare time reading books. He refused to take part in the nationalist movement like his fellow students, but he became passionately interested in literature. He wrote outspoken articles of literary criticism that shocked his teachers and even taught himself Norwegian so that he could read Ibsen’s works in the original.
When he graduated in 1902, he knew he would become a writer and an exile, because he felt he could not be one without the other. In order to preserve his ideal of writing truthfully, fully, and as objectively as he knew how, about the people and places he knew best, he had to escape from all temptations to become involved in popular opinion or public life. He went to France, Italy and Switzerland, where he lived in poverty and obscurity for the first 20 years, only returning to Ireland when his mother was dying. Except for a couple of brief trips, he stayed abroad all his life.
16. James Joyce was first of all a ___________.
A. revolutionary B. critic C. novelist D. exile
17. James Joyce was famous for many reasons EXCEPT ___________.
A. his way of constructing a novel B. his frank portrayal of human nature
C. his complete command of English D. his passion in literature
18. “He is second only to Shakespeare” is a comment on his _________.
A. achievement in literature B. achievement in the nationalist movement
C. achievement in his study of languages D. mastery of the English language
19. How many examples are used to show his passion in literature?
A. 2. B. 3. C. 1. D. 4.
20. Why did James Joyce stay abroad almost all his life?
A. Because he wanted to live in poverty and obscurity.
B. Because he wanted to write the people and places he knew best.
C. Because he wanted to escape from all temptations to become involved in popular opinion or public life.
D. Because he wanted to preserve his ideal of writing truthfully, fully and objectively about the people and the places he knew best.
16.【答案】C（北京安通學(xué)校提供）
【解析】文章第一句就已告訴我們他是一位小說家。
17.【答案】D
【解析】他成為二十世紀對文學(xué)產(chǎn)生深遠影響的人物之一，是由于他的小說的獨特構(gòu)造，他對人性的率直描寫及他對英語的完全掌握，即A、B、C，只有D不是他聞名于 世的原因，因此D為正確答案。
18.【答案】D
【解析】“in his mastery of the English language”表明范圍、方面，即在英語語言的掌握方面僅次于莎士比亞，本文沒有具體提到他對文學(xué)的貢獻或他學(xué)習(xí)的成績，他沒有參加民族運動，不可能在這方面有什么貢獻，因此D為正確答案。
19.【答案】A
【解析】第二段提到他沉迷于文學(xué)，然后用兩個例子進一步說明：他寫的非常大膽的文學(xué)評論文章讓他的老師大為吃驚，他甚至自學(xué)挪威語以便閱讀易卜生原著。
20.【答案】D
【解析】James Joyce幾乎一生都住在國外是因為他想保護他的寫作理想，即真實、完整、客觀地寫他最為熟知的人物和地方。