1. 并列結(jié)構(gòu)。
這主要是指由and或or連接的幾個并列成分在形式上必須保持一致.這一考點(diǎn)在歷年六級改錯中出現(xiàn)頻率相當(dāng)高,同學(xué)們要給予相當(dāng)?shù)闹匾?
(1) At the heart of the NEA survey is the belief in(改成that,同位語從句)our democratic system depends on leaders who can think critically, analyze texts and writing clearly.(07年1月新六級改錯第6題)這里的writing顯然與think和analyze并列,因此應(yīng)該用同樣的形式,所以應(yīng)該改成write.
(2) Their experiments have shown that reading disorders are most likely the result of what is, in an effect(去掉an,固定介詞搭配),faulty wiring in the brain-----not lazy, stupidity or a poor home environment .( 06年6月六級改錯第4題)這里的lazy應(yīng)該與stupidity和a poor home environment并列,因此該用名詞形式laziness.
(3) Restrict yourself to one or two pages, and listing any publications or referees on a separate sheet.(06年1月六級改錯第7題)通過and將restrict和listing聯(lián)系起來表示并列關(guān)系,所以listing應(yīng)該用原形list.
(4) How do you know how to act in a classroom,
or a department store, or toward a person who
smiles or laugh at you?(04年6月六級改錯第9題)
這里的smiles和laugh肯定應(yīng)該用同樣的形式,而前面的
a person又提示我們該使用第三人稱單數(shù),所以將laugh改成laughs.
(5)Most experts believe this can continue even as
if(去掉as,這里的even if表示即使)the population doubles by the mid-21st century, although feeding
10 billion people will not be easy for politics,
economic and environmental reasons.(04年1月六級改錯第6題)同樣,這里的politics應(yīng)該改成political和
economic, environmental并列。
(6)Elsewhere, rice experts in the Philippines are
producing a plant with few stems and more seeds.
(04年1月六級改錯第9題)few應(yīng)該與more形成對應(yīng),所以應(yīng)改成比較級形式fewer.
2.A--A型錯誤。
所謂A--A型錯誤,就是指六級改錯命題經(jīng)常將形容詞(adjective)與副詞(adverb)混淆.這時我們的任務(wù)就是將文中的形容詞換成它的副詞形式,或?qū)⒏痹~換成形容詞:
(1)Science should not only be“fun”in the same way
as playing a video game, but “hard fun”----a deep
feeling of connection made possibly only by
imaginative engagement.(07年1月老六級改錯第10題)我們都知道m(xù)ake sth possible, possible做為賓語補(bǔ)足語,那用被動語態(tài)就是sth be made possible,所以這里的possibly應(yīng)該改成possible.
(2)Mass literacy is a relative new social goal.(06年6月六級改錯第九題)顯然這里表示“相對地”意思,因此要將relative改成它的副詞形式relatively.注意:relative改成relatively不是第一次出現(xiàn)了,在04年1月的改錯題中也出現(xiàn)過。
(3)A good CV is your passport to an interview and,
ultimate, to the job you want.(06年1月六級改錯第二題) ultimate在兩個逗號之間,肯定得用副詞形式ultimately.
(4)She says efforts are continuing to complete end
the disease.(05年1月六級改錯第三題)complete要改成副詞形式completely修飾動詞end。
(5)The WHO has given multi-drug therapy to patients
freely for the last five years.(05年1月六級改錯第九題)可以看出這里freely想表示“免費(fèi)的”意思,所以應(yīng)該改成形容詞形式free.
(5)Culture is essentially to our humanness.(04年6月六級改錯第8題)be essential to是一個固定搭配,表示“對...
很重要”,所以essentially應(yīng)該換成形容詞essential.
(6)Except for relative-isolated trouble spots like pres-
ent-day Somalia…(04年1月第三題)顯然應(yīng)該用副詞relatively來修飾動詞過去分詞isolated,表示“相對隔絕的”。
注意:A--A題錯誤有一種變體題型A—N.所謂A—N題型,
就是指A(adjective)與N(noun)之間的混淆,舉例如下:
(1)Now what started in schools across the country is
playing itself out on a nation stage and is possibly
having an impact on the reading habits of the Ameri-
can public.(07年1月新六級第十題)“在國內(nèi)舞臺”應(yīng)該是on a national stage,在這里名詞nation要改成它的形容詞形式national。
(2)Understanding the original of the negative attit-
udes towards science may help us to modify them.
(07年1月老六級第四題)表示“起源”顯然要用名詞形式
origin,這里用形容詞original是錯誤的。
3.邏輯錯誤。
這種錯誤一般得根據(jù)上下文判斷得出,分析這么多年六級改錯的邏輯錯誤,答案無一例外都是將文中某個用錯的詞(很多情況下是一個形容詞)改成它的反義詞或添上一個否定詞,這里要求同學(xué)們掌握一些常用的否定詞綴,如in-、un-等等,因?yàn)橛械男稳菰~加上否定詞綴就變成了它的反義詞,舉例如下:
(1)the leaders of our country are unconsciously
sending the message that reading may be connected
to desirable activities that…(07年1月新六級改錯第七題)desirable>undesirable
(2)The task of learning facts and concepts, one at a
time, makes learning laborious, boring and efficient.
(07年1月老六級改錯第八題)efficient> inefficient.本題中
efficient和laborious與boring并列,根據(jù)并列成分意思一致原則,也可以推斷出這里的efficient應(yīng)該換成它的反義詞.
(3)But in the Information Age, no one can get by
with knowing how to read well and understand
increasingly complex material.(06年6月六級改錯第十題)with>without.這里句子主語用了no one表示否定,而整個句子表示肯定的意思,所以后面必然要用一個否定詞without
與no one構(gòu)成雙重否定表示肯定。
(4)Initial impressions are vital, and a badly presented
CV could mean acceptance, regardless of what’s in
it.(06年1月六級改錯第三題)acceptance>rejection
(5)the person who is unfamiliar with the arts, music,
literature, philosophy, or history.(04年6月六級改錯第六題) unfamiliar>familiar
(6)Except for relatively-isolated trouble spots like
present-day Somalia, and occasional years of good
harvests, the world’s food crisis has remained just
around the corner.(04年1月六級改錯第四題)good>
poor/bad
(7)Get someone to check for spelling and grammatic-
al errors, because a spell-checker will pick up every
mistake.(06年1月六級改錯第6題)根據(jù)上下文,這里應(yīng)該表示“不能挑出每個錯誤”,所以在pick up之前要加上否定詞not.
4.-ing型與-ed型改錯題。
此類題一般是動詞后面少了ing或ed,這種題經(jīng)常出現(xiàn),值得注意。
-ing型改錯題分兩種情況:(1)介詞后面或某些動詞后面跟著的動詞需要使用該動詞的-ing形式(2)用一個逗號將一個動詞與其邏輯主語分開,該動詞需要用-ing分詞形式,舉例如下:
(1)The House proposal would have barred the federal
government from demand library records….(07年1月新六級改錯第三題)這里的demand應(yīng)該改成demanding,
bar/stop/prevent sth from doing為固定搭配,介詞from后面的動詞必須使用其-ing形式。
(2)As a result, too many kids passed through school
without mastering the printed page.(06年6月六級改錯第1題)介詞后面跟的動詞通常都要加-ing形式,所以這里的master應(yīng)該改成mastering.
(3)Here are a few ways to avoid end up on the reject
pile.(06年1月六級改錯第4題)avoid后面跟動詞要加-ing, 所以end改成ending.
(4)This modern treatment will cure leprosy in 6 to 12
months, depend on the form of the disease.(05年1月六級改錯第8題)一個逗號將depend on和其邏輯主語this modern treatment分開,因此depend要用其現(xiàn)在分詞形式
depending.
(5)Culture refers to the social heritage of a people----
the learned patterns for thinking, feeling and acting
that characterize a population or society, include the
expression of these patterns in material things.(04年6月六級改錯第一題)和上一題一樣,這里的include同樣得用分詞形式including.
-ed型改錯:
(1)If you have to send one, make sure it is one taking
in a professional setting…(06年1月六級改錯第九題)這里的one指代前文的photo,我們都知道照相用take a photo,
所以這里的one和take應(yīng)該表示被動關(guān)系,所以應(yīng)該用take的過去分詞taken做后置定語。
(2)The rule here is to keep it factual and truthful-----
exaggerations usually get find out.(06年1月六級改錯第10題)表示“被發(fā)現(xiàn)”顯然要用過去分詞found out.
注意:-ed型改錯從本質(zhì)上說就是要能發(fā)現(xiàn)動詞與其邏輯主語的關(guān)系,動詞是施動者,而其邏輯主語接收動詞發(fā)出的動作.這和被動語態(tài)實(shí)際上是一個道理,下面舉幾個被動語態(tài)的題:
(1) The day the NEA report released….(07年1月新六級改錯第2題)這個報告被發(fā)表,所以在report和released之間要加上was.
(2) Studies indicate that many girls are affecting as
well-----and not getting help.(06年6月六級改錯第6題)
受到影響顯然要用被動語態(tài),所以affecting要改成過去式affected.值得注意的是,affect是改錯命題專家比較偏愛的一個詞,在05年1月的改錯中考查了effect與affect的區(qū)別,大家對這個詞要好好掌握。
(3)The members of the alliance against leprosy plan to target the countries which still threatened by
leprosy.(05年1月六級第10題)這里的the countries作為邏輯主語,與后面的動詞threaten成被動關(guān)系,而且后面句子的形式threatened by leprosy也提示我們這里應(yīng)該在threate-
ned的前面加上系動詞are.
7.介詞短語的考查。
分析這幾年的改錯,這一考點(diǎn)幾乎成了每次考試必考的知識點(diǎn),但這個得靠各位的基本功了,因?yàn)槭孪葻o法知道要考查哪個介詞短語.不過看看這幾年考過的介詞短語搭配,我們可以發(fā)現(xiàn)其實(shí)都是一些最基本的,不會出現(xiàn)生僻的:in every
region, owe…to, in detail, in effect, for the reason,
cause damage to, deal with, for instance.
除此之外,強(qiáng)調(diào)句,同位語從句,定語從句,名詞性從句以及時態(tài)和一些連詞也常出現(xiàn)在六級的改錯中。
希望各位同學(xué)抓緊時間做最后的沖刺,對于改錯單項(xiàng),建議還是回歸到歷年的真題中來,盡量少做模擬題。結(jié)合歷年真題和我的這篇文章,相信對你改錯能力的提高有很大的幫助.因?yàn)橐陨戏治龅摹捌叽蠛诵目键c(diǎn)”是我對歷年真題仔細(xì)研究后歸納總結(jié)出來的,
在07年6月23日的新六級改錯考試中,如果不出意外,以上我總結(jié)的考點(diǎn)是極有可能被考到的!所以大家一定要高度重視以上考點(diǎn),把握改錯考試的命題特點(diǎn)。
期望本文能給大家在最后的復(fù)習(xí)沖刺階段帶來實(shí)質(zhì)性的幫助。
衷心祝愿每個同學(xué)都能順利通過07年6月23日的新六級考試!
這主要是指由and或or連接的幾個并列成分在形式上必須保持一致.這一考點(diǎn)在歷年六級改錯中出現(xiàn)頻率相當(dāng)高,同學(xué)們要給予相當(dāng)?shù)闹匾?
(1) At the heart of the NEA survey is the belief in(改成that,同位語從句)our democratic system depends on leaders who can think critically, analyze texts and writing clearly.(07年1月新六級改錯第6題)這里的writing顯然與think和analyze并列,因此應(yīng)該用同樣的形式,所以應(yīng)該改成write.
(2) Their experiments have shown that reading disorders are most likely the result of what is, in an effect(去掉an,固定介詞搭配),faulty wiring in the brain-----not lazy, stupidity or a poor home environment .( 06年6月六級改錯第4題)這里的lazy應(yīng)該與stupidity和a poor home environment并列,因此該用名詞形式laziness.
(3) Restrict yourself to one or two pages, and listing any publications or referees on a separate sheet.(06年1月六級改錯第7題)通過and將restrict和listing聯(lián)系起來表示并列關(guān)系,所以listing應(yīng)該用原形list.
(4) How do you know how to act in a classroom,
or a department store, or toward a person who
smiles or laugh at you?(04年6月六級改錯第9題)
這里的smiles和laugh肯定應(yīng)該用同樣的形式,而前面的
a person又提示我們該使用第三人稱單數(shù),所以將laugh改成laughs.
(5)Most experts believe this can continue even as
if(去掉as,這里的even if表示即使)the population doubles by the mid-21st century, although feeding
10 billion people will not be easy for politics,
economic and environmental reasons.(04年1月六級改錯第6題)同樣,這里的politics應(yīng)該改成political和
economic, environmental并列。
(6)Elsewhere, rice experts in the Philippines are
producing a plant with few stems and more seeds.
(04年1月六級改錯第9題)few應(yīng)該與more形成對應(yīng),所以應(yīng)改成比較級形式fewer.
2.A--A型錯誤。
所謂A--A型錯誤,就是指六級改錯命題經(jīng)常將形容詞(adjective)與副詞(adverb)混淆.這時我們的任務(wù)就是將文中的形容詞換成它的副詞形式,或?qū)⒏痹~換成形容詞:
(1)Science should not only be“fun”in the same way
as playing a video game, but “hard fun”----a deep
feeling of connection made possibly only by
imaginative engagement.(07年1月老六級改錯第10題)我們都知道m(xù)ake sth possible, possible做為賓語補(bǔ)足語,那用被動語態(tài)就是sth be made possible,所以這里的possibly應(yīng)該改成possible.
(2)Mass literacy is a relative new social goal.(06年6月六級改錯第九題)顯然這里表示“相對地”意思,因此要將relative改成它的副詞形式relatively.注意:relative改成relatively不是第一次出現(xiàn)了,在04年1月的改錯題中也出現(xiàn)過。
(3)A good CV is your passport to an interview and,
ultimate, to the job you want.(06年1月六級改錯第二題) ultimate在兩個逗號之間,肯定得用副詞形式ultimately.
(4)She says efforts are continuing to complete end
the disease.(05年1月六級改錯第三題)complete要改成副詞形式completely修飾動詞end。
(5)The WHO has given multi-drug therapy to patients
freely for the last five years.(05年1月六級改錯第九題)可以看出這里freely想表示“免費(fèi)的”意思,所以應(yīng)該改成形容詞形式free.
(5)Culture is essentially to our humanness.(04年6月六級改錯第8題)be essential to是一個固定搭配,表示“對...
很重要”,所以essentially應(yīng)該換成形容詞essential.
(6)Except for relative-isolated trouble spots like pres-
ent-day Somalia…(04年1月第三題)顯然應(yīng)該用副詞relatively來修飾動詞過去分詞isolated,表示“相對隔絕的”。
注意:A--A題錯誤有一種變體題型A—N.所謂A—N題型,
就是指A(adjective)與N(noun)之間的混淆,舉例如下:
(1)Now what started in schools across the country is
playing itself out on a nation stage and is possibly
having an impact on the reading habits of the Ameri-
can public.(07年1月新六級第十題)“在國內(nèi)舞臺”應(yīng)該是on a national stage,在這里名詞nation要改成它的形容詞形式national。
(2)Understanding the original of the negative attit-
udes towards science may help us to modify them.
(07年1月老六級第四題)表示“起源”顯然要用名詞形式
origin,這里用形容詞original是錯誤的。
3.邏輯錯誤。
這種錯誤一般得根據(jù)上下文判斷得出,分析這么多年六級改錯的邏輯錯誤,答案無一例外都是將文中某個用錯的詞(很多情況下是一個形容詞)改成它的反義詞或添上一個否定詞,這里要求同學(xué)們掌握一些常用的否定詞綴,如in-、un-等等,因?yàn)橛械男稳菰~加上否定詞綴就變成了它的反義詞,舉例如下:
(1)the leaders of our country are unconsciously
sending the message that reading may be connected
to desirable activities that…(07年1月新六級改錯第七題)desirable>undesirable
(2)The task of learning facts and concepts, one at a
time, makes learning laborious, boring and efficient.
(07年1月老六級改錯第八題)efficient> inefficient.本題中
efficient和laborious與boring并列,根據(jù)并列成分意思一致原則,也可以推斷出這里的efficient應(yīng)該換成它的反義詞.
(3)But in the Information Age, no one can get by
with knowing how to read well and understand
increasingly complex material.(06年6月六級改錯第十題)with>without.這里句子主語用了no one表示否定,而整個句子表示肯定的意思,所以后面必然要用一個否定詞without
與no one構(gòu)成雙重否定表示肯定。
(4)Initial impressions are vital, and a badly presented
CV could mean acceptance, regardless of what’s in
it.(06年1月六級改錯第三題)acceptance>rejection
(5)the person who is unfamiliar with the arts, music,
literature, philosophy, or history.(04年6月六級改錯第六題) unfamiliar>familiar
(6)Except for relatively-isolated trouble spots like
present-day Somalia, and occasional years of good
harvests, the world’s food crisis has remained just
around the corner.(04年1月六級改錯第四題)good>
poor/bad
(7)Get someone to check for spelling and grammatic-
al errors, because a spell-checker will pick up every
mistake.(06年1月六級改錯第6題)根據(jù)上下文,這里應(yīng)該表示“不能挑出每個錯誤”,所以在pick up之前要加上否定詞not.
4.-ing型與-ed型改錯題。
此類題一般是動詞后面少了ing或ed,這種題經(jīng)常出現(xiàn),值得注意。
-ing型改錯題分兩種情況:(1)介詞后面或某些動詞后面跟著的動詞需要使用該動詞的-ing形式(2)用一個逗號將一個動詞與其邏輯主語分開,該動詞需要用-ing分詞形式,舉例如下:
(1)The House proposal would have barred the federal
government from demand library records….(07年1月新六級改錯第三題)這里的demand應(yīng)該改成demanding,
bar/stop/prevent sth from doing為固定搭配,介詞from后面的動詞必須使用其-ing形式。
(2)As a result, too many kids passed through school
without mastering the printed page.(06年6月六級改錯第1題)介詞后面跟的動詞通常都要加-ing形式,所以這里的master應(yīng)該改成mastering.
(3)Here are a few ways to avoid end up on the reject
pile.(06年1月六級改錯第4題)avoid后面跟動詞要加-ing, 所以end改成ending.
(4)This modern treatment will cure leprosy in 6 to 12
months, depend on the form of the disease.(05年1月六級改錯第8題)一個逗號將depend on和其邏輯主語this modern treatment分開,因此depend要用其現(xiàn)在分詞形式
depending.
(5)Culture refers to the social heritage of a people----
the learned patterns for thinking, feeling and acting
that characterize a population or society, include the
expression of these patterns in material things.(04年6月六級改錯第一題)和上一題一樣,這里的include同樣得用分詞形式including.
-ed型改錯:
(1)If you have to send one, make sure it is one taking
in a professional setting…(06年1月六級改錯第九題)這里的one指代前文的photo,我們都知道照相用take a photo,
所以這里的one和take應(yīng)該表示被動關(guān)系,所以應(yīng)該用take的過去分詞taken做后置定語。
(2)The rule here is to keep it factual and truthful-----
exaggerations usually get find out.(06年1月六級改錯第10題)表示“被發(fā)現(xiàn)”顯然要用過去分詞found out.
注意:-ed型改錯從本質(zhì)上說就是要能發(fā)現(xiàn)動詞與其邏輯主語的關(guān)系,動詞是施動者,而其邏輯主語接收動詞發(fā)出的動作.這和被動語態(tài)實(shí)際上是一個道理,下面舉幾個被動語態(tài)的題:
(1) The day the NEA report released….(07年1月新六級改錯第2題)這個報告被發(fā)表,所以在report和released之間要加上was.
(2) Studies indicate that many girls are affecting as
well-----and not getting help.(06年6月六級改錯第6題)
受到影響顯然要用被動語態(tài),所以affecting要改成過去式affected.值得注意的是,affect是改錯命題專家比較偏愛的一個詞,在05年1月的改錯中考查了effect與affect的區(qū)別,大家對這個詞要好好掌握。
(3)The members of the alliance against leprosy plan to target the countries which still threatened by
leprosy.(05年1月六級第10題)這里的the countries作為邏輯主語,與后面的動詞threaten成被動關(guān)系,而且后面句子的形式threatened by leprosy也提示我們這里應(yīng)該在threate-
ned的前面加上系動詞are.
7.介詞短語的考查。
分析這幾年的改錯,這一考點(diǎn)幾乎成了每次考試必考的知識點(diǎn),但這個得靠各位的基本功了,因?yàn)槭孪葻o法知道要考查哪個介詞短語.不過看看這幾年考過的介詞短語搭配,我們可以發(fā)現(xiàn)其實(shí)都是一些最基本的,不會出現(xiàn)生僻的:in every
region, owe…to, in detail, in effect, for the reason,
cause damage to, deal with, for instance.
除此之外,強(qiáng)調(diào)句,同位語從句,定語從句,名詞性從句以及時態(tài)和一些連詞也常出現(xiàn)在六級的改錯中。
希望各位同學(xué)抓緊時間做最后的沖刺,對于改錯單項(xiàng),建議還是回歸到歷年的真題中來,盡量少做模擬題。結(jié)合歷年真題和我的這篇文章,相信對你改錯能力的提高有很大的幫助.因?yàn)橐陨戏治龅摹捌叽蠛诵目键c(diǎn)”是我對歷年真題仔細(xì)研究后歸納總結(jié)出來的,
在07年6月23日的新六級改錯考試中,如果不出意外,以上我總結(jié)的考點(diǎn)是極有可能被考到的!所以大家一定要高度重視以上考點(diǎn),把握改錯考試的命題特點(diǎn)。
期望本文能給大家在最后的復(fù)習(xí)沖刺階段帶來實(shí)質(zhì)性的幫助。
衷心祝愿每個同學(xué)都能順利通過07年6月23日的新六級考試!

