以上介紹了幾種寫結(jié)尾段最常用的方法,但到底選擇何種方法結(jié)尾還得根據(jù)文體來決定。平鋪直敘的記敘文,往往在故事或事實情節(jié)講完時文章也就自然結(jié)束了,而說理性和邏輯性較強的說明文和議論文都應有一個正式的結(jié)尾。希望以上介紹的幾種方法能對大家寫好結(jié)尾有所幫助。
首先,一個段落必須有一個中心即主題思想,該中心由主題句特別是其中的題旨來表達。整個段落必須緊扣這個主題(stick or hold to the topic),這就是段落的統(tǒng)一性(unity)。其次,一個段落必須有若干推展句,使主題思想得到充分展開,從而給讀者一個完整的感覺,這就是完整性 (completeness or adequateness)。再者,一個段落不是雜亂無章的,而是有機的組合,句子的排列順序必須合乎邏輯,從一個句子到另一個句子的過渡必須流暢 (smooth),這就是連貫性(coherence)。下面我們就對這三個標準分別加以說明。
1. 統(tǒng)一性
一個段落內(nèi)的各個句子必須從屬于一個中心,任何游離于中心思想之外的句子都是不可取的。請看下例:
Joe and I decided to take the long trip we'd always wanted across the country. We were like young kids buying our camper and stocking it with all the necessities of life. Bella bakes the best rhubarb pie. We started out in early spring from Minneapolis and headed west across the northern part of the country. We both enjoyed those people we met at the trailer park. Joe received a watch at his retirement dinner. To our surprise, we found that we liked the warm southern regions very much, and so we decided to stay here in New Mexico.

