本次記者招待會由外交部翻譯室英文處處長費勝潮先生擔(dān)任翻譯。以下文字系整理稿，非聽寫稿，特此說明。
國務(wù)院總理溫家寶記者招待會答問全文（2008年3月18日）
Premier Wen Jiabao Answered Questions at Press Conference
溫家寶總理首先向中外記者介紹了各位副總理。
Premier Wen Jiabao first introduced the vice premiers to the Chinese and foreign press.
溫家寶：第十一屆全國人民代表大會第一次會議閉幕了，會議產(chǎn)生了新一屆政府。現(xiàn)在我把和我一同出席這次記者招待會的各位副總理向大家介紹一下：坐在我旁邊的是李克強，他是我們副總理中最年輕的，也是中共中央政治局常委。這位是回良玉，大家都熟悉了，他是上屆政府的副總理，這次是連任。我們還有兩位新任副總理，一位是張德江，一位是王岐山，他們都曾經(jīng)擔(dān)任過“地方大員”。
Premier: The First Session of the Eleventh National People's Congress was just concluded and a new government was formed at the session. Now I would like to introduce to you the vice premiers who accompany me at this press conference. Sitting on my right is Li Keqiang, the youngest vice premier of this government and also a Member of the Standing Committee of the Political Bureau of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China. This is Hui Liangyu, whom I am sure you know well. He was a vice premier of the previous government and is reelected this time. We have two other new vice premiers. They are Zhang Dejiang and Wang Qishan. Both of them served as top local leaders.
鳳凰衛(wèi)視記者：上屆政府曾經(jīng)遇到兩次令全球華人為之牽掛的突發(fā)性災(zāi)害。５年前，新任總理的您經(jīng)歷了非典，人們還不知道您當(dāng)時的心路歷程。５年之后，突如其來的南方冰雪災(zāi)害，人們又看到您奔走在抗擊雪災(zāi)的前線，這場災(zāi)害讓您感受到了什么？未來５年您將還會面臨什么樣的挑戰(zhàn)？
Phoenix TV: The previous government encountered two sudden disasters about which the Chinese all over the world were deeply concerned. Five years ago, you, as the newly elected premier, led the fight against the SARS epidemic. People still want to know what was on your mind at the time. Five years later, when the disaster of sleet and snowstorms hit Southern China, people once again saw you at the forefront of the fight against the disaster. What was on your mind this time? What kind of challenges do you expect in the next five years?
溫家寶：５年已經(jīng)過去了，“行事見于當(dāng)時，是非公于后世”。歷史是人民創(chuàng)造的，也是人民書寫的。一個應(yīng)該把眼睛盯住前方，把握現(xiàn)在，思考未來。我腦子里在盤旋四件事情：
Premier: Five years have passed. What one did at the time will be judged by history. History is created and written by the people. A leader should look ahead, he should think about both the present and the future. And I have four goals in mind.
第一，要使中國的經(jīng)濟繼續(xù)保持平穩(wěn)較快發(fā)展，同時有效地抑制通貨膨脹。這就必須解決經(jīng)濟發(fā)展中的不穩(wěn)定、不協(xié)調(diào)、不可持續(xù)的問題。
First, we need to ensure fast yet steady development of China's economy and effectively curb inflation at the same time. To attain this goal, we must resolve problems causing instability, and lack of coordination and unsustainability in economic development.
目前的困難是物價過快上漲和通貨膨脹的壓力，隱藏的風(fēng)險是經(jīng)濟可能出現(xiàn)的波動，我們必須在這兩者之間走出一條光明的路子。
The biggest difficulty we face now is the excessive price rises and the inflationary pressure they have created, which pose a potential risk of drastic economic fluctuations. We need to find a way to meet both challenges and ensure a bright future.
第二，經(jīng)濟體制改革和政治體制改革要有新的突破。這就必須解放思想。解放思想需要勇氣、決心和獻身精神。解放思想和改革創(chuàng)新，如果說前者是因的話，后者就是果。５年前，我曾面對大家立過誓言：“茍利國家生死以，豈因禍福避趨之?！苯裉煳疫€想加上一句話，就是“天變不足畏，祖宗不足法，人言不足恤”。
Second, we need to make breakthroughs in the reform of political and economic systems. To attain this goal, we must free our minds. To free our minds, we need to have courage, resolve and a spirit of dedication. Only by freeing our minds can we succeed in carrying out reform and innovation. Five years ago, in front of a similar audience, I made a pledge: One should uphold his country's interests with his life. He should not do things just to pursue personal gains and he should not evade his responsibilities for fear of personal loss. Today, I would like to add one more thing: One should not fear the changes under the heaven. One should not blindly follow past conventions. And one should not be deterred by complaints of others.
第三，要推進社會的公平正義。如同真理是思想體系的首要價值，公平正義是社會主義國家制度的首要價值。公平正義就是要尊重每一個人，維護每一個人的合法權(quán)益，在自由平等的條件下，為每一個人創(chuàng)造全面發(fā)展的機會。如果說發(fā)展經(jīng)濟、改善民生是政府的天職，那么推進社會公平正義就是政府的良心。
Third, we need to promote social equity and justice. As truth is the first virtue of the systems of thought, equity and justice are the first virtue of the state system of a socialist country. Equity and justice mean that we need to respect everyone and protect the lawful rights and interests of all. We need to ensure that everyone has an opportunity to pursue all-round development in an environment of freedom and equality. Just as promoting economic development and increasing people's welfare is the bounden duty of the government, advancing social equity and justice is the conscience of the government.
第四，要加強社會主義精神文明建設(shè)。如果我們的國家有比黃金還要貴重的誠信、有比大海還要寬廣的包容、有比愛自己還要寬宏的博愛，有比高山還要崇高的道德，那么我們這個國家就是一個具有精神文明和道德力量的國家。
Fourth, we need to promote socialist cultural and ethical standards. In our country, we should view credibility and integrity as something more precious than gold. We should be more receptive and inclusive than the ocean. We should value fraternity rather than self-love and follow ethical standards that are even higher than the mountains. And this will make China a country of cultural and moral strength.
朋友們，我想對你們說：為了國家的富強，為了社會的公平正義，為了讓人們幸?？鞓返剡^得更好，為了讓孩子們上好學(xué)，為了使我們的民族在世界贏得應(yīng)有的尊嚴，我愿獻出我的全部心血和精力。
Dear friends, this is what I want to say to you: my goal is to make China strong and prosperous, to promote equity and justice and to ensure that our people will lead a better life, that our children can all go to school, and that our nation wins respect it deserves, and I will dedicate all my life and energy to this cause.
《人民日報》記者：兩會期間，人民網(wǎng)和其他十多家網(wǎng)站都做了“兩會關(guān)注熱點”或者“我有問題問總理”的網(wǎng)上調(diào)查。參與網(wǎng)民達數(shù)千萬，提出的問題超過百萬。大家關(guān)注度的是物價問題。您在報告中提出，今年物價漲幅控制在4.8%左右，請問總理，新一屆政府將采取哪些措施確保實現(xiàn)這個目標？
People's Daily: During the two Sessions of the National People's Congress and the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference, people.com （People's Daily's website） and a dozen of other websites conducted on-line surveys on the key issues of public interest and collected questions for the Premier. Several dozen million internet users took part in the survey and over one million questions were asked. The biggest public concern is about prices. In your government work report, you set a goal of holding price rise to a level of about 4.8%. What steps will the new government take to ensure that this goal will be attained?
溫家寶：兩會期間我一直在上網(wǎng)。廣大網(wǎng)民向我提問題、提建議，甚至為我分憂，多達數(shù)百萬條，參與的恐怕有上億人。這么多群眾以如此高的熱情關(guān)注兩會，特別是關(guān)心政府的工作，使我深受感動。他們的意見、批評都是對政府的信任、支持、鼓勵和鞭策。我一邊看網(wǎng)，一邊腦子里想起一段話，就是“民之所憂，我之所思；民之所思，我之所行”。群眾之所以用這么大的精力來上網(wǎng)寫問題、提建議，是要政府解決問題。在這里我不可能一一回答大家的問題。確實，在眾多問題中，排在第一位的是物價問題。去年下半年以來，物價上漲過快，給群眾生活特別是低收入群體的生活帶來很大的困難。如何控制物價過快上漲，抑制通貨膨脹，不僅是老百姓關(guān)注的問題，也是政府的重要任務(wù)。
Premier: During the two sessions, I took some time to surf the internet. Many internet users raised questions and made recommendations to me, and many wanted to share my burden. There were several million responses, and perhaps over 100 million people were involved. The fact that so many people are following with great interest the two sessions and particularly the work of the government has greatly touched me. All their comments and recommendations show the trust, support, encouragement and inspiration they have given to the government. When I was surfing the internet, a few lines came to mind: What people are concerned about is what preoccupies my mind and what preoccupies the minds of the people is what I need to address. Our people spent so much time and energy to raise questions and make recommendations on the internet because they want the government to solve problems. Obviously I cannot answer all the questions now. But I know price rise tops the list of many questions. In the latter half of last year, prices rose too fast and made life difficult for the people, particularly the low-income groups. To stop prices from rising too fast and curb inflation is not only a concern to the people, but also an important responsibility of the government.
我們提出了今年CPI確定為４．８％左右的預(yù)測目標。說句老實話，實現(xiàn)這一目標是不容易的，特別是今年頭兩個月我們遇到了歷罕見的冰雪災(zāi)害，這就給控制物價帶來更大的壓力。但我們依然沒有改變這個目標，主要出于兩點考慮：第一，它表明政府的決心，要把控制物價和抑制通貨膨脹作為今年政府工作的首要任務(wù)。第二，它穩(wěn)定老百姓對物價的預(yù)期。在物價上漲較快時，人們對物價的預(yù)期比物價上漲本身更可怕。我們之所以提出這樣的目標，也是有根據(jù)的。現(xiàn)在我們的糧食儲備還是在１．５億噸到２億噸之間，主要工業(yè)品供過于求的局面沒有改變。只要政策得當(dāng)，措施有力，我們完全有信心控制物價過快上漲的局面。
We have set the goal of holding CPI to a level about 4.8% this year. To be honest with you, it will not be easy to achieve the goal. Particularly in the first two months of this year, China was hit by the disaster of sleet rarely seen in history. This has made it more difficult to hold down price rises. But we are still pursuing this goal, and there are two reasons for this: First, it demonstrates the government is resolved to put controlling price rises and curbing inflation on the top of its agenda this year. Second, it stabilizes people's price expectations. When prices rise fairly rapidly, people's price expectations could create more panic than price rise itself. This goal is also solidly based. Our grain reserves now total between 150 and 200 million tons. There is still an oversupply of major industrial products. As long as we pursue right policies and take forceful measures, we have every confidence in bringing the rising prices under control.
CNN: Premier Wen, you have the biggest and toughest job in the world. I want to ask a question about two issues that begin with the English letter T. One is Tibet. There is turmoil and violence in Tibet. And China is accused of cracking down on peaceful demonstrations there. The Dalai Lama calls it a cultural genocide. In the latest development, some are advocating a boycott of the Olympics. What do you say to these? The other question is Taiwan. You've always said that China will never tolerate independence of Taiwan. Taiwan this weekend will hold elections and referendum. If the Taiwanese voters approve a proposal in the referendum that Taiwan reapply to the United Nations as Taiwan, will you consider that a de facto declaration of independence? And if so, will China go to war to stop that? And now that Chen Shui-bian is stepping down, do you think there is any better prospect for you to sit down with the new president in Taiwan?
美國有線新聞網(wǎng)記者：我知道，您的任務(wù)是世界上最艱巨、也是最龐雜的。我想提出兩個問題，這兩個問題都涉及到英文字母“Ｔ”打頭的問題。一個就是西藏問題，我們知道最近在西藏發(fā)生了暴力事件，有人指責(zé)鎮(zhèn)壓了和平的**，達賴也指責(zé)中國在進行所謂的“文化滅絕”，甚至有些人呼吁要抵制北京的奧運會，您對這樣一些說法和指責(zé)有何評論？第二個問題是臺灣問題。您多次說過，中國絕不容忍臺灣“獨立”，很快臺灣地區(qū)將舉行選舉和公投，如果公投當(dāng)中的議案被通過，也就是說選民通過選票認為應(yīng)該以“臺灣”的名義申請加入聯(lián)合國的話，中國政府是否會認為這等同于事實上的“*”宣言？是否會采取行動來制止這一做法？另外，現(xiàn)在陳水扁即將下臺，您認為是否您和未來臺灣新的領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人進行對話會出現(xiàn)更為光明的前景？
溫家寶：你提的這兩個問題都是涉及中國的統(tǒng)一、主權(quán)和領(lǐng)土完整的問題。首先，我回答一下關(guān)于西藏的問題。
Premier: The two issues you have raised are both important to China's unity, sovereignty and territorial integrity. First, I would like to address the issue of Tibet.
最近在西藏，主要是在拉薩，發(fā)生了打、砸、搶、燒事件。詳細情況，昨天西藏自治區(qū)政府領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人已經(jīng)向記者做了通報。
Recently in Tibet, especially in Lhasa, there has been an incident of beating, smashing up properties, looting and arson. The detailed information about the incident was released yesterday by a leading official of the Government of the Tibet Autonomous Region at a press conference.
在這起事件中，極少數(shù)人打傷以至致死無辜群眾，手段十分殘忍。
In this incident, a small number of violent rioters attacked or even killed innocent people with extreme cruelty.
他們砸毀車輛和公用設(shè)施，燒毀民房、商店和學(xué)校。
They smashed up vehicles, public facilities, and burned down private housing, stores and schools.
這起事件嚴重破壞了拉薩正常的社會秩序，給拉薩市人民群眾生命財產(chǎn)帶來極大的損失。
As a result, public order in Lhasa was gravely disrupted and heavy losses of life and property were inflicted.
我們有足夠事實證明，這起事件是由達賴集團有組織、有預(yù)謀、精心策劃和煽動起來的。
There is ample evidence that this incident was premeditated, masterminded, incited and organized by the Dalai clique.
這就更加暴露了達賴集團一貫標榜的“不追求獨立”、“和平對話”是一派謊言。
This once again shows that the claims made by the Dalai clique over the years that they seek peaceful dialogue and not independence are nothing but lies.
偽善的謊言掩蓋不了鐵的事實。
Their hypocritical lies cannot cover the indisputable facts.
當(dāng)?shù)卣陀嘘P(guān)部門依照憲法和法律，采取十分克制的態(tài)度，迅速地平息了這起事件，維護了拉薩以至西藏各族人民的利益。
The local government and competent authorities exercised great restraint and took prompt measures in accordance with the Constitution and laws to quell the situation and protect the interests of people of all ethnic groups in Lhasa and in Tibet.
我想在這里回答你，從西藏和平解放、實行民主改革到現(xiàn)在，西藏在進步、發(fā)展。那種所謂“中國政府滅絕西藏文化”，完全是一派謊言。
What I would like to stress here is that since its peaceful liberation, particularly since the democratic reform was introduced, Tibet has made steady progress. The allegation that the Chinese Government is carrying out cultural genocide is totally unfounded.
我們不僅有能力維護西藏的穩(wěn)定和正常的社會秩序，而且要繼續(xù)支持西藏的經(jīng)濟發(fā)展和社會進步，提高西藏各族人民的生活水平，保護西藏的文化和生態(tài)環(huán)境。這個立場是不會動搖的。
We are fully capable of maintaining stability and order in Tibet. And at the same time, we will continue to support Tibet in making economic development and social progress. We will continue to improve the livelihood of people of all ethnic groups and protect the culture and natural environment in Tibet. We will never waver in this position.
第二，關(guān)于臺灣問題。我所關(guān)心的是要維護臺海的和平與穩(wěn)定，促進兩岸關(guān)系和平發(fā)展，這應(yīng)該成為兩岸關(guān)系的主題和主旋律。
Second, on the issue of Taiwan, what I am concerned is to maintain peace and stability in the Taiwan Strait and promote peaceful development of cross-Strait relations. This is our general goal in growing cross-Strait relations.
我們之所以反對“入聯(lián)公投”，就是因為如果這樣一些主張得逞的話，它將改變大陸和臺灣同屬于一個中國的現(xiàn)狀，勢必沖擊兩岸關(guān)系，勢必危害兩岸人民的根本利益，勢必造成臺海局勢的緊張，破壞臺海和平以至亞太地區(qū)的和平。
The reason why we are opposed to the referendum scheme for Taiwan joining the United Nations is that if such a scheme should succeed, it would deny the reality that both Taiwan and the mainland belong to one and the same China. And that would deal a serious blow to cross-Strait relations, harm the fundamental interests of people on both sides, cause tension in the Taiwan Strait and threaten peace in Taiwan Strait and even in the Asia Pacific region.
我在這里想再一次重申，凡屬涉及中國主權(quán)和領(lǐng)土完整的事，必須由包括臺灣同胞在內(nèi)的全中國人民共同決定，任何人想把臺灣從祖國分割出去都是不會得逞的，也是注定會失敗的。
I would like to reiterate here that all issues that are important to China's sovereignty and territorial integrity must be decided by the entire Chinese people, including our compatriots in Taiwan. Any attempt to separate Taiwan from China is doomed to fail.
我還想強調(diào)，我們希望在一個中國的前提下，盡早地恢復(fù)兩岸對話與談判，什么問題都可以談，包括結(jié)束兩岸敵對狀態(tài)這樣重大的問題。
I would also like to stress that we hope to resume peaceful negotiations under the precondition of one China at an early date, and everything can be discussed, including such important issues as ending the state of hostility between the two sides.
Financial Times: I have two questions, only one of them beginning with T. The last time China suffered from high inflation was in the mid to late 90s. China tackled it by slowing the economy. Now are you willing to sacrifice some economic growth to slow the economy to bring down inflation this time, even if it means higher running unemployment and more people on the jobless queue? That is the first question. Second question: I was struck by your introduction, in which you said Chinese leadership no longer blindly follows old conventions. It has always been a convention in China, as far as I remember, never to talk directly to the Dalai Lama. If you look at other countries, where they have long-running internal problems, like South Africa and Northern Ireland for example, they have only been settled by leaders of vision who agreed to talk to their enemies or their opponents. On the basis that the Dalai Lama is not seeking independence, would not Chinese leaders be showing greater vision to invite him to Beijing for direct talks?
英國金融時報記者：我有兩個問題，其中一個問題英文字母打頭是“Ｔ”。上一次中國面臨高的通貨膨脹壓力，差不多是在上世紀９０年代中期。當(dāng)時中國采取的對策就是放緩經(jīng)濟的增長。所以這次我們想請教總理，中國面臨同樣的壓力，是否也打算放緩經(jīng)濟的增長？如果這樣做，意味著增加失業(yè)，使更多的人失去工作。第二個問題是您在開場白當(dāng)中提到了一句話“祖宗不足法”，我記得中國從來沒有和達賴喇嘛進行過直接的對話，但我們要看一看世界其他國家和地區(qū)處理類似事務(wù)的時候，比如說在南非、北愛爾蘭，當(dāng)時都有一些具有遠見卓識的領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人主動與他們過去的敵人或者是反對者進行對話，所以我想問的是，如果達賴喇嘛不尋求*的話，中國是否有這樣的遠見卓識邀請他到北京來進行直接對話？
溫家寶：我們在確定今年的經(jīng)濟政策時，提出“兩個防止”。第一個防止就是要防止經(jīng)濟增長由偏快轉(zhuǎn)為過熱，這樣才能使我們更好地解決經(jīng)濟運行中的一些問題。但是中國是一個有13億人口的發(fā)展中國家，我們還必須保持經(jīng)濟有一定的發(fā)展速度來減輕就業(yè)的壓力，通過發(fā)展解決前進中的問題。
Premier: In making the economic policy for this year, we made it our priority to do two "prevents". The first one is to prevent the fast growing economy from becoming overheated. Only by doing so will it be possible for us to better manage problems in the economy. But since China is a developing country with a population of 1.3 billion, we must ensure an appropriate rate of economic growth in order to ease pressure on employment. In other words, we need to resolve problems through development.
我們必須在經(jīng)濟發(fā)展和抑制通貨膨脹之間找出一個平衡點。現(xiàn)在我們提出經(jīng)濟增長的預(yù)期目標是8％左右，而居民消費價格總水平控制在4.8%左右，就是想找到一個平衡點。
We must strike a balance between promoting economic growth and holding down inflation. And we have set the goals of keeping the economy growing at a rate of 8% and keeping inflation rate at 4.8%. This is our effort to strike a balance.
我深知這件事情的困難。我曾經(jīng)講過，今年恐怕是中國經(jīng)濟最困難的一年。難在什么地方？難在國際、國內(nèi)不可測的因素多，因而決策困難。
I know fully well how difficult this task is. I once said this year could be the most difficult year for China's economy. Why? Because there are a lot of uncertainties both internally and internationally. It is difficult to make decisions.
我們必須密切關(guān)注經(jīng)濟局勢的變化和走勢，及時、靈活地采取對策，并且把握宏觀調(diào)控的節(jié)奏、方向和力度，使經(jīng)濟既保持平穩(wěn)較快發(fā)展，又能解決大約一千萬就業(yè)人口的問題，還能有效地抑制通貨膨脹。
We must follow closely changes and trends in the economy and make prompt and flexible responses. And we need to maintain the right pace, focus and intensity of the macro economic regulation measures. We should ensure that the economy will continue to grow in a fast yet steady manner and that we will create about 10 million jobs and effectively hold down inflation.
至于結(jié)果怎么樣，要到明年的３月份我再給各位回答。但是我有一個信念，就是事不避難、勇于擔(dān)當(dāng)、奮勇向前。
As for whether we can meet this goal, I will give you an answer next March. But I have a firm belief that we should never shy away from difficult decisions, and that we should always have the courage to meet the difficulties head on and press forward.
關(guān)于第二個問題，我們多次鄭重地申明，如果達賴放棄獨立的主張，承認西藏是中國領(lǐng)土不可分割的一部分，承認臺灣是中國領(lǐng)土不可分割的一部分，停止一切分裂破壞活動，我們同他對話的大門始終是敞開的。這一條是我們提出的，至今也沒有改變。但是最近發(fā)生的事件，恰恰證明在這兩個關(guān)鍵性的問題上他的虛偽面目。即使這樣，我還想重申，我們原有的主張，說話是算數(shù)的，關(guān)鍵是要看他的行動。
As to your second question, we have reiterated in a very serious manner that as long as the Dalai Lama abandons his independence agenda, recognizes that Tibet is an inalienable part of China's territory and Taiwan is an inalienable part of China's territory, and stops separatist and sabotage activities, our door for dialogue with him will be wide open. This is what we proposed and this position has remained unchanged. However, what has happened recently has exposed Dalai's hypocrisy. Even so, I would like to use this occasion to reiterate that our original position remains unchanged and we mean what we say. What is important now is what steps Dalai takes.
我想反問一句，在拉薩制造這樣駭人聽聞的事件，甚至妄想在中國其他一些地區(qū)也制造類似的事件，在國際上組織一些人沖擊中國的使領(lǐng)館，難道都同他無關(guān)嗎？我們看待達賴，不僅要看他說什么，而且要看他做什么。
Let me just ask you a question, there was an appalling incident in Lhasa and there have been attempts to create similar incidents in other places of China, and mob attacked some Chinese diplomatic and consular missions overseas. Do you believe these activities have nothing to do with Dalai? So we should not only listen to what Dalai says but also watch what he does.
國務(wù)院總理溫家寶記者招待會答問全文（2008年3月18日）
Premier Wen Jiabao Answered Questions at Press Conference
溫家寶總理首先向中外記者介紹了各位副總理。
Premier Wen Jiabao first introduced the vice premiers to the Chinese and foreign press.
溫家寶：第十一屆全國人民代表大會第一次會議閉幕了，會議產(chǎn)生了新一屆政府。現(xiàn)在我把和我一同出席這次記者招待會的各位副總理向大家介紹一下：坐在我旁邊的是李克強，他是我們副總理中最年輕的，也是中共中央政治局常委。這位是回良玉，大家都熟悉了，他是上屆政府的副總理，這次是連任。我們還有兩位新任副總理，一位是張德江，一位是王岐山，他們都曾經(jīng)擔(dān)任過“地方大員”。
Premier: The First Session of the Eleventh National People's Congress was just concluded and a new government was formed at the session. Now I would like to introduce to you the vice premiers who accompany me at this press conference. Sitting on my right is Li Keqiang, the youngest vice premier of this government and also a Member of the Standing Committee of the Political Bureau of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China. This is Hui Liangyu, whom I am sure you know well. He was a vice premier of the previous government and is reelected this time. We have two other new vice premiers. They are Zhang Dejiang and Wang Qishan. Both of them served as top local leaders.
鳳凰衛(wèi)視記者：上屆政府曾經(jīng)遇到兩次令全球華人為之牽掛的突發(fā)性災(zāi)害。５年前，新任總理的您經(jīng)歷了非典，人們還不知道您當(dāng)時的心路歷程。５年之后，突如其來的南方冰雪災(zāi)害，人們又看到您奔走在抗擊雪災(zāi)的前線，這場災(zāi)害讓您感受到了什么？未來５年您將還會面臨什么樣的挑戰(zhàn)？
Phoenix TV: The previous government encountered two sudden disasters about which the Chinese all over the world were deeply concerned. Five years ago, you, as the newly elected premier, led the fight against the SARS epidemic. People still want to know what was on your mind at the time. Five years later, when the disaster of sleet and snowstorms hit Southern China, people once again saw you at the forefront of the fight against the disaster. What was on your mind this time? What kind of challenges do you expect in the next five years?
溫家寶：５年已經(jīng)過去了，“行事見于當(dāng)時，是非公于后世”。歷史是人民創(chuàng)造的，也是人民書寫的。一個應(yīng)該把眼睛盯住前方，把握現(xiàn)在，思考未來。我腦子里在盤旋四件事情：
Premier: Five years have passed. What one did at the time will be judged by history. History is created and written by the people. A leader should look ahead, he should think about both the present and the future. And I have four goals in mind.
第一，要使中國的經(jīng)濟繼續(xù)保持平穩(wěn)較快發(fā)展，同時有效地抑制通貨膨脹。這就必須解決經(jīng)濟發(fā)展中的不穩(wěn)定、不協(xié)調(diào)、不可持續(xù)的問題。
First, we need to ensure fast yet steady development of China's economy and effectively curb inflation at the same time. To attain this goal, we must resolve problems causing instability, and lack of coordination and unsustainability in economic development.
目前的困難是物價過快上漲和通貨膨脹的壓力，隱藏的風(fēng)險是經(jīng)濟可能出現(xiàn)的波動，我們必須在這兩者之間走出一條光明的路子。
The biggest difficulty we face now is the excessive price rises and the inflationary pressure they have created, which pose a potential risk of drastic economic fluctuations. We need to find a way to meet both challenges and ensure a bright future.
第二，經(jīng)濟體制改革和政治體制改革要有新的突破。這就必須解放思想。解放思想需要勇氣、決心和獻身精神。解放思想和改革創(chuàng)新，如果說前者是因的話，后者就是果。５年前，我曾面對大家立過誓言：“茍利國家生死以，豈因禍福避趨之?！苯裉煳疫€想加上一句話，就是“天變不足畏，祖宗不足法，人言不足恤”。
Second, we need to make breakthroughs in the reform of political and economic systems. To attain this goal, we must free our minds. To free our minds, we need to have courage, resolve and a spirit of dedication. Only by freeing our minds can we succeed in carrying out reform and innovation. Five years ago, in front of a similar audience, I made a pledge: One should uphold his country's interests with his life. He should not do things just to pursue personal gains and he should not evade his responsibilities for fear of personal loss. Today, I would like to add one more thing: One should not fear the changes under the heaven. One should not blindly follow past conventions. And one should not be deterred by complaints of others.
第三，要推進社會的公平正義。如同真理是思想體系的首要價值，公平正義是社會主義國家制度的首要價值。公平正義就是要尊重每一個人，維護每一個人的合法權(quán)益，在自由平等的條件下，為每一個人創(chuàng)造全面發(fā)展的機會。如果說發(fā)展經(jīng)濟、改善民生是政府的天職，那么推進社會公平正義就是政府的良心。
Third, we need to promote social equity and justice. As truth is the first virtue of the systems of thought, equity and justice are the first virtue of the state system of a socialist country. Equity and justice mean that we need to respect everyone and protect the lawful rights and interests of all. We need to ensure that everyone has an opportunity to pursue all-round development in an environment of freedom and equality. Just as promoting economic development and increasing people's welfare is the bounden duty of the government, advancing social equity and justice is the conscience of the government.
第四，要加強社會主義精神文明建設(shè)。如果我們的國家有比黃金還要貴重的誠信、有比大海還要寬廣的包容、有比愛自己還要寬宏的博愛，有比高山還要崇高的道德，那么我們這個國家就是一個具有精神文明和道德力量的國家。
Fourth, we need to promote socialist cultural and ethical standards. In our country, we should view credibility and integrity as something more precious than gold. We should be more receptive and inclusive than the ocean. We should value fraternity rather than self-love and follow ethical standards that are even higher than the mountains. And this will make China a country of cultural and moral strength.
朋友們，我想對你們說：為了國家的富強，為了社會的公平正義，為了讓人們幸?？鞓返剡^得更好，為了讓孩子們上好學(xué)，為了使我們的民族在世界贏得應(yīng)有的尊嚴，我愿獻出我的全部心血和精力。
Dear friends, this is what I want to say to you: my goal is to make China strong and prosperous, to promote equity and justice and to ensure that our people will lead a better life, that our children can all go to school, and that our nation wins respect it deserves, and I will dedicate all my life and energy to this cause.
《人民日報》記者：兩會期間，人民網(wǎng)和其他十多家網(wǎng)站都做了“兩會關(guān)注熱點”或者“我有問題問總理”的網(wǎng)上調(diào)查。參與網(wǎng)民達數(shù)千萬，提出的問題超過百萬。大家關(guān)注度的是物價問題。您在報告中提出，今年物價漲幅控制在4.8%左右，請問總理，新一屆政府將采取哪些措施確保實現(xiàn)這個目標？
People's Daily: During the two Sessions of the National People's Congress and the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference, people.com （People's Daily's website） and a dozen of other websites conducted on-line surveys on the key issues of public interest and collected questions for the Premier. Several dozen million internet users took part in the survey and over one million questions were asked. The biggest public concern is about prices. In your government work report, you set a goal of holding price rise to a level of about 4.8%. What steps will the new government take to ensure that this goal will be attained?
溫家寶：兩會期間我一直在上網(wǎng)。廣大網(wǎng)民向我提問題、提建議，甚至為我分憂，多達數(shù)百萬條，參與的恐怕有上億人。這么多群眾以如此高的熱情關(guān)注兩會，特別是關(guān)心政府的工作，使我深受感動。他們的意見、批評都是對政府的信任、支持、鼓勵和鞭策。我一邊看網(wǎng)，一邊腦子里想起一段話，就是“民之所憂，我之所思；民之所思，我之所行”。群眾之所以用這么大的精力來上網(wǎng)寫問題、提建議，是要政府解決問題。在這里我不可能一一回答大家的問題。確實，在眾多問題中，排在第一位的是物價問題。去年下半年以來，物價上漲過快，給群眾生活特別是低收入群體的生活帶來很大的困難。如何控制物價過快上漲，抑制通貨膨脹，不僅是老百姓關(guān)注的問題，也是政府的重要任務(wù)。
Premier: During the two sessions, I took some time to surf the internet. Many internet users raised questions and made recommendations to me, and many wanted to share my burden. There were several million responses, and perhaps over 100 million people were involved. The fact that so many people are following with great interest the two sessions and particularly the work of the government has greatly touched me. All their comments and recommendations show the trust, support, encouragement and inspiration they have given to the government. When I was surfing the internet, a few lines came to mind: What people are concerned about is what preoccupies my mind and what preoccupies the minds of the people is what I need to address. Our people spent so much time and energy to raise questions and make recommendations on the internet because they want the government to solve problems. Obviously I cannot answer all the questions now. But I know price rise tops the list of many questions. In the latter half of last year, prices rose too fast and made life difficult for the people, particularly the low-income groups. To stop prices from rising too fast and curb inflation is not only a concern to the people, but also an important responsibility of the government.
我們提出了今年CPI確定為４．８％左右的預(yù)測目標。說句老實話，實現(xiàn)這一目標是不容易的，特別是今年頭兩個月我們遇到了歷罕見的冰雪災(zāi)害，這就給控制物價帶來更大的壓力。但我們依然沒有改變這個目標，主要出于兩點考慮：第一，它表明政府的決心，要把控制物價和抑制通貨膨脹作為今年政府工作的首要任務(wù)。第二，它穩(wěn)定老百姓對物價的預(yù)期。在物價上漲較快時，人們對物價的預(yù)期比物價上漲本身更可怕。我們之所以提出這樣的目標，也是有根據(jù)的。現(xiàn)在我們的糧食儲備還是在１．５億噸到２億噸之間，主要工業(yè)品供過于求的局面沒有改變。只要政策得當(dāng)，措施有力，我們完全有信心控制物價過快上漲的局面。
We have set the goal of holding CPI to a level about 4.8% this year. To be honest with you, it will not be easy to achieve the goal. Particularly in the first two months of this year, China was hit by the disaster of sleet rarely seen in history. This has made it more difficult to hold down price rises. But we are still pursuing this goal, and there are two reasons for this: First, it demonstrates the government is resolved to put controlling price rises and curbing inflation on the top of its agenda this year. Second, it stabilizes people's price expectations. When prices rise fairly rapidly, people's price expectations could create more panic than price rise itself. This goal is also solidly based. Our grain reserves now total between 150 and 200 million tons. There is still an oversupply of major industrial products. As long as we pursue right policies and take forceful measures, we have every confidence in bringing the rising prices under control.
CNN: Premier Wen, you have the biggest and toughest job in the world. I want to ask a question about two issues that begin with the English letter T. One is Tibet. There is turmoil and violence in Tibet. And China is accused of cracking down on peaceful demonstrations there. The Dalai Lama calls it a cultural genocide. In the latest development, some are advocating a boycott of the Olympics. What do you say to these? The other question is Taiwan. You've always said that China will never tolerate independence of Taiwan. Taiwan this weekend will hold elections and referendum. If the Taiwanese voters approve a proposal in the referendum that Taiwan reapply to the United Nations as Taiwan, will you consider that a de facto declaration of independence? And if so, will China go to war to stop that? And now that Chen Shui-bian is stepping down, do you think there is any better prospect for you to sit down with the new president in Taiwan?
美國有線新聞網(wǎng)記者：我知道，您的任務(wù)是世界上最艱巨、也是最龐雜的。我想提出兩個問題，這兩個問題都涉及到英文字母“Ｔ”打頭的問題。一個就是西藏問題，我們知道最近在西藏發(fā)生了暴力事件，有人指責(zé)鎮(zhèn)壓了和平的**，達賴也指責(zé)中國在進行所謂的“文化滅絕”，甚至有些人呼吁要抵制北京的奧運會，您對這樣一些說法和指責(zé)有何評論？第二個問題是臺灣問題。您多次說過，中國絕不容忍臺灣“獨立”，很快臺灣地區(qū)將舉行選舉和公投，如果公投當(dāng)中的議案被通過，也就是說選民通過選票認為應(yīng)該以“臺灣”的名義申請加入聯(lián)合國的話，中國政府是否會認為這等同于事實上的“*”宣言？是否會采取行動來制止這一做法？另外，現(xiàn)在陳水扁即將下臺，您認為是否您和未來臺灣新的領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人進行對話會出現(xiàn)更為光明的前景？
溫家寶：你提的這兩個問題都是涉及中國的統(tǒng)一、主權(quán)和領(lǐng)土完整的問題。首先，我回答一下關(guān)于西藏的問題。
Premier: The two issues you have raised are both important to China's unity, sovereignty and territorial integrity. First, I would like to address the issue of Tibet.
最近在西藏，主要是在拉薩，發(fā)生了打、砸、搶、燒事件。詳細情況，昨天西藏自治區(qū)政府領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人已經(jīng)向記者做了通報。
Recently in Tibet, especially in Lhasa, there has been an incident of beating, smashing up properties, looting and arson. The detailed information about the incident was released yesterday by a leading official of the Government of the Tibet Autonomous Region at a press conference.
在這起事件中，極少數(shù)人打傷以至致死無辜群眾，手段十分殘忍。
In this incident, a small number of violent rioters attacked or even killed innocent people with extreme cruelty.
他們砸毀車輛和公用設(shè)施，燒毀民房、商店和學(xué)校。
They smashed up vehicles, public facilities, and burned down private housing, stores and schools.
這起事件嚴重破壞了拉薩正常的社會秩序，給拉薩市人民群眾生命財產(chǎn)帶來極大的損失。
As a result, public order in Lhasa was gravely disrupted and heavy losses of life and property were inflicted.
我們有足夠事實證明，這起事件是由達賴集團有組織、有預(yù)謀、精心策劃和煽動起來的。
There is ample evidence that this incident was premeditated, masterminded, incited and organized by the Dalai clique.
這就更加暴露了達賴集團一貫標榜的“不追求獨立”、“和平對話”是一派謊言。
This once again shows that the claims made by the Dalai clique over the years that they seek peaceful dialogue and not independence are nothing but lies.
偽善的謊言掩蓋不了鐵的事實。
Their hypocritical lies cannot cover the indisputable facts.
當(dāng)?shù)卣陀嘘P(guān)部門依照憲法和法律，采取十分克制的態(tài)度，迅速地平息了這起事件，維護了拉薩以至西藏各族人民的利益。
The local government and competent authorities exercised great restraint and took prompt measures in accordance with the Constitution and laws to quell the situation and protect the interests of people of all ethnic groups in Lhasa and in Tibet.
我想在這里回答你，從西藏和平解放、實行民主改革到現(xiàn)在，西藏在進步、發(fā)展。那種所謂“中國政府滅絕西藏文化”，完全是一派謊言。
What I would like to stress here is that since its peaceful liberation, particularly since the democratic reform was introduced, Tibet has made steady progress. The allegation that the Chinese Government is carrying out cultural genocide is totally unfounded.
我們不僅有能力維護西藏的穩(wěn)定和正常的社會秩序，而且要繼續(xù)支持西藏的經(jīng)濟發(fā)展和社會進步，提高西藏各族人民的生活水平，保護西藏的文化和生態(tài)環(huán)境。這個立場是不會動搖的。
We are fully capable of maintaining stability and order in Tibet. And at the same time, we will continue to support Tibet in making economic development and social progress. We will continue to improve the livelihood of people of all ethnic groups and protect the culture and natural environment in Tibet. We will never waver in this position.
第二，關(guān)于臺灣問題。我所關(guān)心的是要維護臺海的和平與穩(wěn)定，促進兩岸關(guān)系和平發(fā)展，這應(yīng)該成為兩岸關(guān)系的主題和主旋律。
Second, on the issue of Taiwan, what I am concerned is to maintain peace and stability in the Taiwan Strait and promote peaceful development of cross-Strait relations. This is our general goal in growing cross-Strait relations.
我們之所以反對“入聯(lián)公投”，就是因為如果這樣一些主張得逞的話，它將改變大陸和臺灣同屬于一個中國的現(xiàn)狀，勢必沖擊兩岸關(guān)系，勢必危害兩岸人民的根本利益，勢必造成臺海局勢的緊張，破壞臺海和平以至亞太地區(qū)的和平。
The reason why we are opposed to the referendum scheme for Taiwan joining the United Nations is that if such a scheme should succeed, it would deny the reality that both Taiwan and the mainland belong to one and the same China. And that would deal a serious blow to cross-Strait relations, harm the fundamental interests of people on both sides, cause tension in the Taiwan Strait and threaten peace in Taiwan Strait and even in the Asia Pacific region.
我在這里想再一次重申，凡屬涉及中國主權(quán)和領(lǐng)土完整的事，必須由包括臺灣同胞在內(nèi)的全中國人民共同決定，任何人想把臺灣從祖國分割出去都是不會得逞的，也是注定會失敗的。
I would like to reiterate here that all issues that are important to China's sovereignty and territorial integrity must be decided by the entire Chinese people, including our compatriots in Taiwan. Any attempt to separate Taiwan from China is doomed to fail.
我還想強調(diào)，我們希望在一個中國的前提下，盡早地恢復(fù)兩岸對話與談判，什么問題都可以談，包括結(jié)束兩岸敵對狀態(tài)這樣重大的問題。
I would also like to stress that we hope to resume peaceful negotiations under the precondition of one China at an early date, and everything can be discussed, including such important issues as ending the state of hostility between the two sides.
Financial Times: I have two questions, only one of them beginning with T. The last time China suffered from high inflation was in the mid to late 90s. China tackled it by slowing the economy. Now are you willing to sacrifice some economic growth to slow the economy to bring down inflation this time, even if it means higher running unemployment and more people on the jobless queue? That is the first question. Second question: I was struck by your introduction, in which you said Chinese leadership no longer blindly follows old conventions. It has always been a convention in China, as far as I remember, never to talk directly to the Dalai Lama. If you look at other countries, where they have long-running internal problems, like South Africa and Northern Ireland for example, they have only been settled by leaders of vision who agreed to talk to their enemies or their opponents. On the basis that the Dalai Lama is not seeking independence, would not Chinese leaders be showing greater vision to invite him to Beijing for direct talks?
英國金融時報記者：我有兩個問題，其中一個問題英文字母打頭是“Ｔ”。上一次中國面臨高的通貨膨脹壓力，差不多是在上世紀９０年代中期。當(dāng)時中國采取的對策就是放緩經(jīng)濟的增長。所以這次我們想請教總理，中國面臨同樣的壓力，是否也打算放緩經(jīng)濟的增長？如果這樣做，意味著增加失業(yè)，使更多的人失去工作。第二個問題是您在開場白當(dāng)中提到了一句話“祖宗不足法”，我記得中國從來沒有和達賴喇嘛進行過直接的對話，但我們要看一看世界其他國家和地區(qū)處理類似事務(wù)的時候，比如說在南非、北愛爾蘭，當(dāng)時都有一些具有遠見卓識的領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人主動與他們過去的敵人或者是反對者進行對話，所以我想問的是，如果達賴喇嘛不尋求*的話，中國是否有這樣的遠見卓識邀請他到北京來進行直接對話？
溫家寶：我們在確定今年的經(jīng)濟政策時，提出“兩個防止”。第一個防止就是要防止經(jīng)濟增長由偏快轉(zhuǎn)為過熱，這樣才能使我們更好地解決經(jīng)濟運行中的一些問題。但是中國是一個有13億人口的發(fā)展中國家，我們還必須保持經(jīng)濟有一定的發(fā)展速度來減輕就業(yè)的壓力，通過發(fā)展解決前進中的問題。
Premier: In making the economic policy for this year, we made it our priority to do two "prevents". The first one is to prevent the fast growing economy from becoming overheated. Only by doing so will it be possible for us to better manage problems in the economy. But since China is a developing country with a population of 1.3 billion, we must ensure an appropriate rate of economic growth in order to ease pressure on employment. In other words, we need to resolve problems through development.
我們必須在經(jīng)濟發(fā)展和抑制通貨膨脹之間找出一個平衡點。現(xiàn)在我們提出經(jīng)濟增長的預(yù)期目標是8％左右，而居民消費價格總水平控制在4.8%左右，就是想找到一個平衡點。
We must strike a balance between promoting economic growth and holding down inflation. And we have set the goals of keeping the economy growing at a rate of 8% and keeping inflation rate at 4.8%. This is our effort to strike a balance.
我深知這件事情的困難。我曾經(jīng)講過，今年恐怕是中國經(jīng)濟最困難的一年。難在什么地方？難在國際、國內(nèi)不可測的因素多，因而決策困難。
I know fully well how difficult this task is. I once said this year could be the most difficult year for China's economy. Why? Because there are a lot of uncertainties both internally and internationally. It is difficult to make decisions.
我們必須密切關(guān)注經(jīng)濟局勢的變化和走勢，及時、靈活地采取對策，并且把握宏觀調(diào)控的節(jié)奏、方向和力度，使經(jīng)濟既保持平穩(wěn)較快發(fā)展，又能解決大約一千萬就業(yè)人口的問題，還能有效地抑制通貨膨脹。
We must follow closely changes and trends in the economy and make prompt and flexible responses. And we need to maintain the right pace, focus and intensity of the macro economic regulation measures. We should ensure that the economy will continue to grow in a fast yet steady manner and that we will create about 10 million jobs and effectively hold down inflation.
至于結(jié)果怎么樣，要到明年的３月份我再給各位回答。但是我有一個信念，就是事不避難、勇于擔(dān)當(dāng)、奮勇向前。
As for whether we can meet this goal, I will give you an answer next March. But I have a firm belief that we should never shy away from difficult decisions, and that we should always have the courage to meet the difficulties head on and press forward.
關(guān)于第二個問題，我們多次鄭重地申明，如果達賴放棄獨立的主張，承認西藏是中國領(lǐng)土不可分割的一部分，承認臺灣是中國領(lǐng)土不可分割的一部分，停止一切分裂破壞活動，我們同他對話的大門始終是敞開的。這一條是我們提出的，至今也沒有改變。但是最近發(fā)生的事件，恰恰證明在這兩個關(guān)鍵性的問題上他的虛偽面目。即使這樣，我還想重申，我們原有的主張，說話是算數(shù)的，關(guān)鍵是要看他的行動。
As to your second question, we have reiterated in a very serious manner that as long as the Dalai Lama abandons his independence agenda, recognizes that Tibet is an inalienable part of China's territory and Taiwan is an inalienable part of China's territory, and stops separatist and sabotage activities, our door for dialogue with him will be wide open. This is what we proposed and this position has remained unchanged. However, what has happened recently has exposed Dalai's hypocrisy. Even so, I would like to use this occasion to reiterate that our original position remains unchanged and we mean what we say. What is important now is what steps Dalai takes.
我想反問一句，在拉薩制造這樣駭人聽聞的事件，甚至妄想在中國其他一些地區(qū)也制造類似的事件，在國際上組織一些人沖擊中國的使領(lǐng)館，難道都同他無關(guān)嗎？我們看待達賴，不僅要看他說什么，而且要看他做什么。
Let me just ask you a question, there was an appalling incident in Lhasa and there have been attempts to create similar incidents in other places of China, and mob attacked some Chinese diplomatic and consular missions overseas. Do you believe these activities have nothing to do with Dalai? So we should not only listen to what Dalai says but also watch what he does.