六級完形填空題特點(diǎn)

字號:

大學(xué)英語六級考試也采用完形填空(Cloze),它采用的完形填空題是:“在一篇題材熟悉、難度適中的短文(約200詞)內(nèi)留有20個空白,每個空白為一題,每題有四個選擇項,要求考生在全面理解內(nèi)容的基礎(chǔ)上選擇一個答案,使短文的意義和結(jié)構(gòu)恢復(fù)完整,考試時間15分鐘”。
    完形填空題的特點(diǎn)主要有:
    1.這項考試首先是測試考生對篇章的理解能力。雖然所給出的文章被抽去了20個詞,但是整篇文章的內(nèi)容仍是可以理解的。如果考生不能理解文章內(nèi)容,就難以將正確的詞填入文中。這也就是完形填空題與以單句形式考查詞匯和語法的根本區(qū)別。由此可見,考生在做題時必須時刻從上下文考慮,不應(yīng)該只看到所填的詞在短語或句子內(nèi)是否可行。因此,在填空前,將全文通讀一遍,了解了全文的意思以后再做題。
    2.這項考試還測試考生使用詞匯和語法結(jié)構(gòu)的能力。文章中留出的每一個空格要求填入一個詞??荚嚧缶V規(guī)定:“填空的詞項包括結(jié)構(gòu)詞和實(shí)義詞”。結(jié)構(gòu)詞(也稱虛詞,有冠詞、介詞、連詞等)主要是表示語法結(jié)構(gòu)關(guān)系的,在選用結(jié)構(gòu)詞時便需要考慮在語法上是否恰當(dāng)。對實(shí)義詞(名詞、形容詞、數(shù)詞、代詞、動詞和副詞)的選擇既要看其意思用在句中是否得當(dāng),也要看它與其他詞的搭配關(guān)系是否合適。
    3.首句一般沒有空格。對于首句應(yīng)該給予足夠的重視,因?yàn)樗褪侵行木浠蚴且龑?dǎo)句,它的時態(tài)往往決定了全文的時態(tài)。
    通讀全文一遍之后,以句子為單位一句一句地讀,試著一句一句地填空,主要考慮語法、句意、邏輯和上下文聯(lián)系。暫時填不出來的就空在那里。最后再通讀一遍,完成沒有填的空,看看填的順不順,不順的地方大膽修改。
    下面以2001年1月六級考試試題中的完形填空為例:
    In the United States, the first day nursery was opened in 1854. Nurseries were established in various areas during the 61_______ half of the 19th century; most of 62_______ were charitable. Both in Europe and in the U.S., the day-nursery movemnet received great 63_______ during the First World War, when 64_______ of manpower caused the industrial employment of unprecedented(前所未有)numbers of women. In some European countries nurseries were established 65_______ in munitions(軍火)plants, under direct government sponsorship. 66_______ the number of nurseries in the U.S. also rose 67_______, this was accomplished without government aid of any kind. During the years following the First World War, 68_______, federal, State, and local governments gradually began to exercise a measure of control 69_______ the day nurseries, chiefly by 70______ them and by……
    The 71_______ of the Second World War was quickly followed by an increase in the number of day nurseries in almost all countries, as women were 72_______ called up on to replace men in the factories. On this 73_______ the U.S. government immediately came to the support of the nursery schools. 74_______ school grogram for the children of working monthers. Many States and local communities 75_______ this Federal aid. By the end of war, in August, 1945, more than 100,000 children were being cared 76_______ in daycare centers receiving Federal 77_______. Soon afterward, the Federal government 78_______ cut down its expenditures for this purpose and later 79_______ them, causing a sharp drop in the number of nursery schools in operation. However, the expectation that most employed mothers would leave their 80_______ at the end of the war was only partly fulfilled.
    61.A)latter B)lateC)other D)first
    62.A)those B)them C)whoseD)im itation
    63.A)impetus _ B)input C)im itationD)initiative
    64.A)sourcesB)abundance C)shortageD)reduction
    65.A)hardlyB)entirely C)onlyD)even
    66.A)BecauseB)As C)Since D)Although
    67.A)unanim ously B)sharply C)predom inantly D)militantly
    68.A)therefore B)consequently C)however D)moreover
    69.A)overB)inC)atD)about
    70.A)formulatingB)labeling C)patenting D)licensing
    71.A)outsetB)outbreak C)breakthrough D)breakdown
    72.A)again B)thus C)repeatedlyD)yet
    73.A)circumstance B)occasion C)case D)situation
    74.A)regulatingB)summoning C)allocating D)transferring
    75.A)expandedB)facilitated C)supplemented D)compensated
    76.A)by B)after C)ofD)for
    77.A)pensionsB)subsidiesC)revenuesD)budgets
    78.A)prevalently B)furiously
    C)statisticallyD)drastically
    79.A)abolishedB)diminished C)jeopardized D)precluded
    80.A)nurseriesB)homes C)jobs D)children
    「解析」
    61.B)。第一家日托所建于1854年,在各地區(qū)建立當(dāng)然是在19世紀(jì)的后半期。
    62.B)。most of后面要用人稱代詞。
    63.A)。根據(jù)句意“第一次世界大戰(zhàn)對建立日托所的運(yùn)動是個促進(jìn)。
    64.C)。根據(jù)句意“當(dāng)時勞動力短缺使得……”。
    65.D)。說明托兒所建立的多而廣,“甚至建在軍火工廠里”。
    66.D)。分析全句,這是一個讓步狀語從句,故應(yīng)用連詞although.
    67.B)。修飾動詞rose的副詞,四個選項中只有sharply(急劇地)合適。
    68.C)。本句的語氣上是轉(zhuǎn)折的,要選副詞however.
    69.B)?!霸谟變簣@里”介詞應(yīng)該用in.
    70.A)。根據(jù)句意“通過規(guī)范(form ulate)和……來管理。
    71.B)。根據(jù)句意“第二次世界大戰(zhàn)的爆發(fā)應(yīng)是”The outbreak of the Second WorldWar。
    72.A)。與第一次世界大戰(zhàn)的情況相呼應(yīng),所以要填A(yù))again.
    73.B)。選項中的四個名詞,只有occa- sion可以與介詞on搭配,其意義也與句意相吻合。
    74.C)。根據(jù)句意“這時,美國政府立即支持保育員學(xué)校,1942年7月?lián)芸?00萬美元……”。
    75.C)。根據(jù)句意“許多州和地方社區(qū)對這筆聯(lián)邦政府資助進(jìn)行補(bǔ)充?!?BR>    76.D)。動詞care要與介詞for搭配,表示“照料”的意思。
    77.B)。根據(jù)句意“在接受聯(lián)邦津貼的日托中心里。
    78.D)。根據(jù)句意“大幅度地削減這筆費(fèi)用,只有副詞drastically是正確的。
    79.A)。與前一句相呼應(yīng),前面說“大幅度地削減少,后來,自然是”廢止(abolished)。
    80.C)。根據(jù)句意“期望戰(zhàn)后大多數(shù)所雇傭的有小孩的婦女離開她們的工作……。